我需要从一个相当大的SQL Server表(即300,000+行)中删除重复的行。
当然,由于RowID标识字段的存在,这些行不会完全重复。
MyTable
RowID int not null identity(1,1) primary key,
Col1 varchar(20) not null,
Col2 varchar(2048) not null,
Col3 tinyint not null
我该怎么做呢?
我需要从一个相当大的SQL Server表(即300,000+行)中删除重复的行。
当然,由于RowID标识字段的存在,这些行不会完全重复。
MyTable
RowID int not null identity(1,1) primary key,
Col1 varchar(20) not null,
Col2 varchar(2048) not null,
Col3 tinyint not null
我该怎么做呢?
在微软支持网站上有一篇关于删除重复文件的好文章。这是相当保守的——他们让你在不同的步骤中做所有的事情——但它应该适用于大的表格。
在过去,我使用了自连接来实现这一点,尽管它可能会用一个HAVING子句来美化:
DELETE dupes
FROM MyTable dupes, MyTable fullTable
WHERE dupes.dupField = fullTable.dupField
AND dupes.secondDupField = fullTable.secondDupField
AND dupes.uniqueField > fullTable.uniqueField
这是另一篇关于删除重复的好文章。
它讨论了为什么它很难:“SQL是基于关系代数的,在关系代数中不能出现重复,因为在一个集合中不允许重复。”
临时表解决方案,以及两个mysql示例。
将来,您是打算在数据库级别还是从应用程序的角度防止它?我建议数据库级别,因为你的数据库应该负责维护引用完整性,开发人员只会造成问题;)
假设没有空值,您GROUP BY唯一的列,并选择最小(或最大)RowId作为要保留的行。然后,删除所有没有行id的内容:
DELETE FROM MyTable
LEFT OUTER JOIN (
SELECT MIN(RowId) as RowId, Col1, Col2, Col3
FROM MyTable
GROUP BY Col1, Col2, Col3
) as KeepRows ON
MyTable.RowId = KeepRows.RowId
WHERE
KeepRows.RowId IS NULL
如果您使用的是GUID而不是整数,则可以进行替换
MIN(RowId)
with
CONVERT(uniqueidentifier, MIN(CONVERT(char(36), MyGuidColumn)))
哦,当然。使用临时表。如果你想要一个“工作”的单一的、性能不太好的语句,你可以使用:
DELETE FROM MyTable WHERE NOT RowID IN
(SELECT
(SELECT TOP 1 RowID FROM MyTable mt2
WHERE mt2.Col1 = mt.Col1
AND mt2.Col2 = mt.Col2
AND mt2.Col3 = mt.Col3)
FROM MyTable mt)
基本上,对于表中的每一行,子选择将查找与所考虑行的完全相同的所有行的顶部RowID。因此,您最终会得到一个表示“原始”非重复行的RowIDs列表。
从应用程序级别(不幸的是)。我同意防止重复的正确方法是在数据库级别上使用唯一的索引,但是在SQL Server 2005中,一个索引只能是900字节,而我的varchar(2048)字段打破了这一规定。
我不知道它的性能如何,但我认为您可以编写一个触发器来强制执行这一点,即使您不能直接使用索引。喜欢的东西:
-- given a table stories(story_id int not null primary key, story varchar(max) not null)
CREATE TRIGGER prevent_plagiarism
ON stories
after INSERT, UPDATE
AS
DECLARE @cnt AS INT
SELECT @cnt = Count(*)
FROM stories
INNER JOIN inserted
ON ( stories.story = inserted.story
AND stories.story_id != inserted.story_id )
IF @cnt > 0
BEGIN
RAISERROR('plagiarism detected',16,1)
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION
END
另外,varchar(2048)对我来说听起来很可疑(生活中有些东西是2048字节,但这很少见);它真的应该不是varchar(max)吗?
创建具有相同结构的新空白表 像这样执行查询 插入tc_category1 SELECT * 从tc_category GROUP BY category_id, application_id count(*) > 然后执行这个查询 插入tc_category1 SELECT * 从tc_category GROUP BY category_id, application_id count(*) = 1
我有一个表,需要保存不重复的行。 我不确定速度和效率。
DELETE FROM myTable WHERE RowID IN (
SELECT MIN(RowID) AS IDNo FROM myTable
GROUP BY Col1, Col2, Col3
HAVING COUNT(*) = 2 )
另一种可能的方法是
;
--Ensure that any immediately preceding statement is terminated with a semicolon above
WITH cte
AS (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY Col1, Col2, Col3
ORDER BY ( SELECT 0)) RN
FROM #MyTable)
DELETE FROM cte
WHERE RN > 1;
我在上面使用ORDER BY (SELECT 0),因为在出现平局的情况下,保留哪一行是任意的。
例如,要以RowID顺序保存最新的一个,您可以使用order BY RowID DESC
执行计划
它的执行计划通常比接受的答案更简单和更有效,因为它不需要自连接。
然而,情况并非总是如此。GROUP BY解决方案可能会优先于选择散列聚合而不是流聚合的情况。
ROW_NUMBER解决方案总是给出几乎相同的计划,而GROUP BY策略则更加灵活。
可能有利于哈希聚合方法的因素是
分区列上没有有用的索引 相对较少的组,每组的重复数相对较多
在第二种情况的极端版本中(如果每个组中有很多重复的组),还可以考虑简单地插入要保留到新表中的行,然后截断原始的行并将它们复制回来,以最大限度地减少日志记录,而不是删除非常高比例的行。
delete t1
from table t1, table t2
where t1.columnA = t2.columnA
and t1.rowid>t2.rowid
邮政:
delete
from table t1
using table t2
where t1.columnA = t2.columnA
and t1.rowid > t2.rowid
下面的查询用于删除重复的行。本例中的表以ID作为标识列,具有重复数据的列是Column1、Column2和Column3。
DELETE FROM TableName
WHERE ID NOT IN (SELECT MAX(ID)
FROM TableName
GROUP BY Column1,
Column2,
Column3
/*Even if ID is not null-able SQL Server treats MAX(ID) as potentially
nullable. Because of semantics of NOT IN (NULL) including the clause
below can simplify the plan*/
HAVING MAX(ID) IS NOT NULL)
下面的脚本显示GROUP BY、HAVING、ORDER BY在一个查询中的用法,并返回带有重复列及其计数的结果。
SELECT YourColumnName,
COUNT(*) TotalCount
FROM YourTableName
GROUP BY YourColumnName
HAVING COUNT(*) > 1
ORDER BY COUNT(*) DESC
通过使用下面的查询,我们可以基于单列或多列删除重复的记录。下面的查询是基于两列进行删除。表名为:testing,列名为empno,empname
DELETE FROM testing WHERE empno not IN (SELECT empno FROM (SELECT empno, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY empno ORDER BY empno)
AS [ItemNumber] FROM testing) a WHERE ItemNumber > 1)
or empname not in
(select empname from (select empname,row_number() over(PARTITION BY empno ORDER BY empno)
AS [ItemNumber] FROM testing) a WHERE ItemNumber > 1)
CREATE TABLE car(Id int identity(1,1), PersonId int, CarId int)
INSERT INTO car(PersonId,CarId)
VALUES(1,2),(1,3),(1,2),(2,4)
--SELECT * FROM car
;WITH CTE as(
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() over (PARTITION BY personid,carid order by personid,carid) as rn,Id,PersonID,CarId from car)
DELETE FROM car where Id in(SELECT Id FROM CTE WHERE rn>1)
SELECT DISTINCT *
INTO tempdb.dbo.tmpTable
FROM myTable
TRUNCATE TABLE myTable
INSERT INTO myTable SELECT * FROM tempdb.dbo.tmpTable
DROP TABLE tempdb.dbo.tmpTable
我想提一下这种方法,它可能是有帮助的,并且适用于所有SQL服务器: 通常只有一到两个副本,副本的id和数量是已知的。在这种情况下:
SET ROWCOUNT 1 -- or set to number of rows to be deleted
delete from myTable where RowId = DuplicatedID
SET ROWCOUNT 0
快速和脏删除精确重复的行(小表):
select distinct * into t2 from t1;
delete from t1;
insert into t1 select * from t2;
drop table t2;
另一个简单的解决方案可以在这里粘贴的链接中找到。这个方法很容易掌握,似乎对大多数类似的问题都很有效。虽然它是为SQL Server,但所使用的概念是可以接受的。
以下是链接页面的相关部分:
考虑以下数据:
EMPLOYEE_ID ATTENDANCE_DATE
A001 2011-01-01
A001 2011-01-01
A002 2011-01-01
A002 2011-01-01
A002 2011-01-01
A003 2011-01-01
那么我们如何删除这些重复的数据呢?
首先,使用以下代码在表中插入一个标识列:
ALTER TABLE dbo.ATTENDANCE ADD AUTOID INT IDENTITY(1,1)
使用下面的代码来解决它:
DELETE FROM dbo.ATTENDANCE WHERE AUTOID NOT IN (SELECT MIN(AUTOID) _
FROM dbo.ATTENDANCE GROUP BY EMPLOYEE_ID,ATTENDANCE_DATE)
这将删除重复的行,除了第一行
DELETE
FROM
Mytable
WHERE
RowID NOT IN (
SELECT
MIN(RowID)
FROM
Mytable
GROUP BY
Col1,
Col2,
Col3
)
引用(http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/157977/Remove-Duplicate-Rows-from-a-Table-in-SQL-Server)
另一种方法是创建一个具有相同字段和唯一索引的新表。然后将所有数据从旧表移动到新表。自动SQL SERVER忽略(也有一个选项说明如果有重复值该怎么做:忽略,中断或…)重复值。所以我们有相同的表,没有重复的行。如果你不想要唯一索引,传输数据后,你可以放弃它。
特别是对于较大的表,您可以使用DTS (SSIS包导入/导出数据),以便将所有数据快速传输到新的唯一索引表中。700万行只需要几分钟。
DELETE
FROM
table_name T1
WHERE
rowid > (
SELECT
min(rowid)
FROM
table_name T2
WHERE
T1.column_name = T2.column_name
);
DELETE
FROM MyTable
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
SELECT min(RowID)
FROM Mytable
WHERE (SELECT RowID
FROM Mytable
GROUP BY Col1, Col2, Col3
))
);
我想我应该分享我的解决方案,因为它在特殊情况下是有效的。 在我的例子中,有重复值的表没有外键(因为这些值是从另一个db复制的)。
begin transaction
-- create temp table with identical structure as source table
Select * Into #temp From tableName Where 1 = 2
-- insert distinct values into temp
insert into #temp
select distinct *
from tableName
-- delete from source
delete from tableName
-- insert into source from temp
insert into tableName
select *
from #temp
rollback transaction
-- if this works, change rollback to commit and execute again to keep you changes!!
PS:在处理这样的事情时,我总是使用事务,这不仅确保了所有事情都作为一个整体执行,而且还允许我在没有任何风险的情况下进行测试。但是当然你应该做个备份,以防万一……
我更喜欢子查询\having count(*) > 1解决方案内部连接,因为我发现它更容易阅读,它很容易变成一个SELECT语句来验证什么将被删除,然后再运行它。
--DELETE FROM table1
--WHERE id IN (
SELECT MIN(id) FROM table1
GROUP BY col1, col2, col3
-- could add a WHERE clause here to further filter
HAVING count(*) > 1
--)
DELETE LU
FROM (SELECT *,
Row_number()
OVER (
partition BY col1, col1, col3
ORDER BY rowid DESC) [Row]
FROM mytable) LU
WHERE [row] > 1
使用CTE。这个想法是连接一个或多个列,形成一个重复的记录,然后删除你喜欢的:
;with cte as (
select
min(PrimaryKey) as PrimaryKey
UniqueColumn1,
UniqueColumn2
from dbo.DuplicatesTable
group by
UniqueColumn1, UniqueColumn1
having count(*) > 1
)
delete d
from dbo.DuplicatesTable d
inner join cte on
d.PrimaryKey > cte.PrimaryKey and
d.UniqueColumn1 = cte.UniqueColumn1 and
d.UniqueColumn2 = cte.UniqueColumn2;
这个查询为我展示了非常好的性能:
DELETE tbl
FROM
MyTable tbl
WHERE
EXISTS (
SELECT
*
FROM
MyTable tbl2
WHERE
tbl2.SameValue = tbl.SameValue
AND tbl.IdUniqueValue < tbl2.IdUniqueValue
)
它在30秒多一点的时间内从2M的表中删除了1M行(50%重复)
如果您想预览要删除的行,并控制要保留的重复行。参见http://developer.azurewebsites.net/2014/09/better-sql-group-by-find-duplicate-data/
with MYCTE as (
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (
PARTITION BY DuplicateKey1
,DuplicateKey2 -- optional
ORDER BY CreatedAt -- the first row among duplicates will be kept, other rows will be removed
) RN
FROM MyTable
)
DELETE FROM MYCTE
WHERE RN > 1
我更喜欢CTE从sql server表中删除重复的行
强烈推荐阅读本文::http://codaffection.com/sql-server-article/delete-duplicate-rows-in-sql-server/
保持原创性
WITH CTE AS
(
SELECT *,ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY col1,col2,col3 ORDER BY col1,col2,col3) AS RN
FROM MyTable
)
DELETE FROM CTE WHERE RN<>1
不保留原创
WITH CTE AS
(SELECT *,R=RANK() OVER (ORDER BY col1,col2,col3)
FROM MyTable)
DELETE CTE
WHERE R IN (SELECT R FROM CTE GROUP BY R HAVING COUNT(*)>1)
使用这个
WITH tblTemp as
(
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() Over(PARTITION BY Name,Department ORDER BY Name)
As RowNumber,* FROM <table_name>
)
DELETE FROM tblTemp where RowNumber >1
alter table MyTable add sno int identity(1,1)
delete from MyTable where sno in
(
select sno from (
select *,
RANK() OVER ( PARTITION BY RowID,Col3 ORDER BY sno DESC )rank
From MyTable
)T
where rank>1
)
alter table MyTable
drop column sno
现在让我们看看elasticalsearch表,这个表有重复的行,Id是相同的uniq字段。我们知道如果某个id存在于某个组条件下,那么我们可以删除该组作用域之外的其他行。我的举止表明了这一标准。
很多情况下,这个线程是在类似的状态,我。只需根据删除重复(重复)行的情况更改目标组条件。
DELETE
FROM elasticalsearch
WHERE Id NOT IN
(SELECT min(Id)
FROM elasticalsearch
GROUP BY FirmId,FilterSearchString
)
干杯
另一种表达方式:——
DELETE A
FROM TABLE A,
TABLE B
WHERE A.COL1 = B.COL1
AND A.COL2 = B.COL2
AND A.UNIQUEFIELD > B.UNIQUEFIELD
有时使用软删除机制,其中记录日期以指示删除的日期。在这种情况下,可以使用UPDATE语句根据重复的条目更新该字段。
UPDATE MY_TABLE
SET DELETED = getDate()
WHERE TABLE_ID IN (
SELECT x.TABLE_ID
FROM MY_TABLE x
JOIN (SELECT min(TABLE_ID) id, COL_1, COL_2, COL_3
FROM MY_TABLE d
GROUP BY d.COL_1, d.COL_2, d.COL_3
HAVING count(*) > 1) AS d ON d.COL_1 = x.COL_1
AND d.COL_2 = x.COL_2
AND d.COL_3 = x.COL_3
AND d.TABLE_ID <> x.TABLE_ID
/*WHERE x.COL_4 <> 'D' -- Additional filter*/)
对于包含大约3000万行、重复量有高有低的中等数据表,这种方法非常适用。
这是删除重复记录最简单的方法
DELETE FROM tblemp WHERE id IN
(
SELECT MIN(id) FROM tblemp
GROUP BY title HAVING COUNT(id)>1
)
获取重复的行:
SELECT
name, email, COUNT(*)
FROM
users
GROUP BY
name, email
HAVING COUNT(*) > 1
删除重复的行。
DELETE users
WHERE rowid NOT IN
(SELECT MIN(rowid)
FROM users
GROUP BY name, email);
我知道这个问题已经回答了,但我已经创建了非常有用的sp,它将为表副本创建一个动态删除语句:
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_DeleteDuplicate @tableName varchar(100), @DebugMode int =1
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
IF(OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#tableMatrix') is not null) DROP TABLE #tableMatrix;
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY name) as rn,name into #tableMatrix FROM sys.columns where [object_id] = object_id(@tableName) ORDER BY name
DECLARE @MaxRow int = (SELECT MAX(rn) from #tableMatrix)
IF(@MaxRow is null)
RAISERROR ('I wasn''t able to find any columns for this table!',16,1)
ELSE
BEGIN
DECLARE @i int =1
DECLARE @Columns Varchar(max) ='';
WHILE (@i <= @MaxRow)
BEGIN
SET @Columns=@Columns+(SELECT '['+name+'],' from #tableMatrix where rn = @i)
SET @i = @i+1;
END
---DELETE LAST comma
SET @Columns = LEFT(@Columns,LEN(@Columns)-1)
DECLARE @Sql nvarchar(max) = '
WITH cteRowsToDelte
AS (
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY '+@Columns+' ORDER BY ( SELECT 0)) as rowNumber,* FROM '+@tableName
+')
DELETE FROM cteRowsToDelte
WHERE rowNumber > 1;
'
SET NOCOUNT OFF;
IF(@DebugMode = 1)
SELECT @Sql
ELSE
EXEC sp_executesql @Sql
END
END
如果你创建这样的表格
IF(OBJECT_ID('MyLitleTable') is not null)
DROP TABLE MyLitleTable
CREATE TABLE MyLitleTable
(
A Varchar(10),
B money,
C int
)
---------------------------------------------------------
INSERT INTO MyLitleTable VALUES
('ABC',100,1),
('ABC',100,1), -- only this row should be deleted
('ABC',101,1),
('ABC',100,2),
('ABCD',100,1)
-----------------------------------------------------------
exec sp_DeleteDuplicate 'MyLitleTable',0
它将从表中删除所有重复项。如果运行它时不带第二个参数,它将返回一条SQL语句来运行。
如果您需要排除任何列,只需在调试模式下运行它,获取代码并按照您的喜好修改它。
我想这会很有帮助。这里,ROW_NUMBER() OVER(分区由res1。Title ORDER BY res1.Id)作为num来区分重复的行。
delete FROM
(SELECT res1.*,ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY res1.Title ORDER BY res1.Id)as num
FROM
(select * from [dbo].[tbl_countries])as res1
)as res2
WHERE res2.num > 1
如果重复行的所有列都是相同的,那么下面的查询可以用来删除重复的记录。
SELECT DISTINCT * INTO #TemNewTable FROM #OriginalTable
TRUNCATE TABLE #OriginalTable
INSERT INTO #OriginalTable SELECT * FROM #TemNewTable
DROP TABLE #TemNewTable
对于表结构
MyTable
RowID int not null identity(1,1) primary key,
Col1 varchar(20) not null,
Col2 varchar(2048) not null,
Col3 tinyint not null
删除重复项的查询:
DELETE t1
FROM MyTable t1
INNER JOIN MyTable t2
WHERE t1.RowID > t2.RowID
AND t1.Col1 = t2.Col1
AND t1.Col2=t2.Col2
AND t1.Col3=t2.Col3;
我假设RowID是一种自动递增,其余列有重复的值。
另一种基于两列删除重复项的方法
我发现这个查询更容易阅读和替换。
DELETE
FROM
TABLE_NAME
WHERE FIRST_COLUMNS
IN(
SELECT * FROM
( SELECT MIN(FIRST_COLUMNS)
FROM TABLE_NAME
GROUP BY
FIRST_COLUMNS,
SECOND_COLUMNS
HAVING COUNT(FIRST_COLUMNS) > 1
) temp
)
注意:在运行查询之前最好模拟查询。
在postgresql中删除重复行的一个非常简单的方法。
DELETE FROM table1 a
USING table1 b
WHERE a.id < b.id
AND a.column1 = b.column1
AND a.column2 = b.column2;
首先,您可以使用MIN()和Group By选择最小RowId。我们将保留这些行。
SELECT MIN(RowId) as RowId
FROM MyTable
GROUP BY Col1, Col2, Col3
删除那些不在最小RowId使用范围内的RowId
DELETE FROM MyTable WHERE RowId Not IN()
最后的查询:
DELETE FROM MyTable WHERE RowId Not IN(
SELECT MIN(RowId) as RowId
FROM MyTable
GROUP BY Col1, Col2, Col3
)
你也可以在SQL Fiddle中检查我的答案
删除重复记录
在这种情况下,大于操作符删除除第一条记录以外的所有记录
u1 FROM users u1 JOIN users u2 u1的地方。Id > u2.id 和u1.email = u2.email
<小于操作符在这种情况下删除除最后一条记录以外的所有记录
u1 FROM users u1 JOIN users u2 u1的地方。Id < u2.id 和u1.email = u2.email
创建另一个由原始值组成的表:
CREATE TABLE table2 AS SELECT *, COUNT(*) FROM table1 GROUP BY name HAVING COUNT (*) > 0