您可以使用聚合函数MAX和GROUP BY

SELECT username, MAX(date), value FROM tablename GROUP BY username, value

SELECT Username, date, value
 from MyTable mt
 inner join (select username, max(date) date
              from MyTable
              group by username) sub
  on sub.username = mt.username
   and sub.date = mt.date

会解决最新的问题。在大型表上，即使有良好的索引，它也可能工作得不太好。

这将为你编辑的问题提供正确的结果。

子查询确保只找到最近日期的行，而外部的GROUP BY将负责联系。当同一用户的同一日期有两个条目时，它将返回值最高的那个。

SELECT t.username, t.date, MAX( t.value ) value
FROM your_table t
JOIN (
       SELECT username, MAX( date ) date
       FROM your_table
       GROUP BY username
) x ON ( x.username = t.username AND x.date = t.date )
GROUP BY t.username, t.date

获取包含用户最大日期的整行信息:

select username, date, value
from tablename where (username, date) in (
    select username, max(date) as date
    from tablename
    group by username
)

这是一个简单的老派方法，适用于几乎所有的db引擎，但你必须小心重复:

select t.username, t.date, t.value
from MyTable t
inner join (
    select username, max(date) as MaxDate
    from MyTable
    group by username
) tm on t.username = tm.username and t.date = tm.MaxDate

使用窗口函数将避免由于重复的日期值而导致的任何可能的重复记录问题，所以如果你的db引擎允许它，你可以这样做:

select x.username, x.date, x.value 
from (
    select username, date, value,
        row_number() over (partition by username order by date desc) as _rn
    from MyTable 
) x
where x._rn = 1

使用窗口函数(适用于Oracle, Postgres 8.4, SQL Server 2005, DB2, Sybase, Firebird 3.0, MariaDB 10.3)

select * from (
    select
        username,
        date,
        value,
        row_number() over(partition by username order by date desc) as rn
    from
        yourtable
) t
where t.rn = 1

SELECT *
FROM ReportStatus c
inner join ( SELECT 
  MAX(Date) AS MaxDate
  FROM ReportStatus ) m
on  c.date = m.maxdate

SELECT *     
FROM MyTable T1    
WHERE date = (
   SELECT max(date)
   FROM MyTable T2
   WHERE T1.username=T2.username
)

SELECT t1.username, t1.date, value
FROM MyTable as t1
INNER JOIN (SELECT username, MAX(date)
            FROM MyTable
            GROUP BY username) as t2 ON  t2.username = t1.username AND t2.date = t1.date

对于Oracle，将结果集按降序排序，并获取第一个记录，因此您将获得最新的记录:

select * from mytable
where rownum = 1
order by date desc

SELECT DISTINCT Username, Dates,value 
FROM TableName
WHERE  Dates IN (SELECT  MAX(Dates) FROM TableName GROUP BY Username)


Username    Dates       value
bob         2010-02-02  1.2       
brad        2010-01-02  1.1       
fred        2010-01-03  1.0       

我看到大多数开发人员在使用内联查询时没有考虑它对大数据的影响。

简单地说，你可以通过:

SELECT a.username, a.date, a.value
FROM myTable a
LEFT OUTER JOIN myTable b
ON a.username = b.username 
AND a.date < b.date
WHERE b.username IS NULL
ORDER BY a.date desc;

Select * from table1 where lastest_date=(Select Max(lastest_date) from table1 where user=yourUserName)

内部查询将返回当前用户的最新日期，外部查询将根据内部查询结果拉出所有数据。

我使用这种方法获取表中每个用户的最后一条记录。 这是一个查询，根据PDA设备上检测到的最近时间，获得销售人员的最后位置。

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.UsersLocation()
RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN
Select GS.UserID, MAX(GS.UTCDateTime) 'LastDate'
From USERGPS GS
where year(GS.UTCDateTime) = YEAR(GETDATE()) 
Group By GS.UserID
GO
select  gs.UserID, sl.LastDate, gs.Latitude , gs.Longitude
        from USERGPS gs
        inner join USER s on gs.SalesManNo = s.SalesmanNo 
        inner join dbo.UsersLocation() sl on gs.UserID= sl.UserID and gs.UTCDateTime = sl.LastDate 
        order by LastDate desc

SELECT * FROM TABEL1 WHERE DATE= (SELECT MAX(CREATED_DATE) FROM TABEL1)

我的小汇编

自连接优于嵌套选择 但是group by不提供主键，这对于join来说更可取 这个键可以通过分区by和first_value (docs)一起给出

这里有一个查询:

select
 t.*
from 
 Table t inner join (
  select distinct first_value(ID) over(partition by GroupColumn order by DateColumn desc) as ID
  from Table
  where FilterColumn = 'value'
 ) j on t.ID = j.ID

优点:

使用where语句使用任意列筛选数据 从筛选的行中选择任意列

缺点:

需要MS SQL Server从2012年开始。

我为我的申请做了一些事情:

查询结果如下:

select distinct i.userId,i.statusCheck, l.userName from internetstatus 
as i inner join login as l on i.userID=l.userID 
where nowtime in((select max(nowtime) from InternetStatus group by userID));    

这与上面的一个答案相似，但在我看来，它更简单、更整洁。此外，还展示了交叉apply语句的良好用法。SQL Server 2005及以上版本…

select
    a.username,
    a.date,
    a.value,
from yourtable a
cross apply (select max(date) 'maxdate' from yourtable a1 where a.username=a1.username) b
where a.date=b.maxdate

根据我的经验，最快的方法是取表中没有新行的每一行。

另一个优点是所使用的语法非常简单，而且查询的含义相当容易掌握(取所有行，确保所考虑的用户名不存在更新的行)。

不存在

SELECT username, value
FROM t
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
  SELECT *
  FROM t AS witness
  WHERE witness.username = t.username AND witness.date > t.date
);

ROW_NUMBER

SELECT username, value
FROM (
  SELECT username, value, row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY username ORDER BY date DESC) AS rn
  FROM t
) t2
WHERE rn = 1

内连接

SELECT t.username, t.value
FROM t
INNER JOIN (
  SELECT username, MAX(date) AS date
  FROM t
  GROUP BY username
) tm ON t.username = tm.username AND t.date = tm.date;

左外连接

SELECT username, value
FROM t
LEFT OUTER JOIN t AS w ON t.username = w.username AND t.date < w.date
WHERE w.username IS NULL

你也可以使用分析秩函数

    with temp as 
(
select username, date, RANK() over (partition by username order by date desc) as rnk from t
)
select username, rnk from t where rnk = 1

SELECT MAX(DATE) AS dates 
FROM assignment  
JOIN paper_submission_detail ON  assignment.PAPER_SUB_ID = 
     paper_submission_detail.PAPER_SUB_ID 

如果您的数据库语法支持它，那么TOP 1 WITH TIES可以与rownumber结合使用。

对于您提供的示例数据，使用以下查询:

SELECT TOP 1 WITH TIES
  username, date, value
FROM user_log_in_attempts
ORDER BY ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY username ORDER BY date DESC)

它的收益率:

username | date      | value
-----------------------------
bob      | 8/4/2009  | 1.5
brad     | 2/2/2010  | 1.2
fred     | 12/2/2009 | 1.3

Demo

工作原理:

Rownumber () over (partition by…ORDER BY…)对于每个用户名，计算从最年轻的(rownumber=1)到最老的(rownumber=high)的行列表。 按行号排序…将每个用户最年轻的行排序到最上面，然后是每个用户第二年轻的行，依此类推 因为每个用户都有一个最年轻的行，这些最年轻的行在排序条件的意义上是相等的(都有rownumber=1)。所有最年轻的行都将返回。

用SQL-Server测试。

下面是在SQL Server中只返回每个用户最近记录的一种方法:

WITH CTE AS (
  SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY user_id ORDER BY date DESC) AS rn
  FROM your_table
)
SELECT *
FROM CTE
WHERE rn = 1;

这使用一个公共表表达式(CTE)为每个用户的每条记录分配一个唯一的rn(行号)，基于user_id并按日期降序排序。最后一个查询只选择rn等于1的记录，这表示每个用户最近的记录。