我有一个表,它是一个关于用户何时登录的集合条目。

username, date,      value
--------------------------
brad,     1/2/2010,  1.1
fred,     1/3/2010,  1.0
bob,      8/4/2009,  1.5
brad,     2/2/2010,  1.2
fred,     12/2/2009, 1.3

etc..

我如何创建一个查询,将给我每个用户的最新日期?

更新:我忘记了我需要有一个值与最近的日期。


当前回答

根据我的经验,最快的方法是取表中没有新行的每一行。

另一个优点是所使用的语法非常简单,而且查询的含义相当容易掌握(取所有行,确保所考虑的用户名不存在更新的行)。

不存在

SELECT username, value
FROM t
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
  SELECT *
  FROM t AS witness
  WHERE witness.username = t.username AND witness.date > t.date
);

ROW_NUMBER

SELECT username, value
FROM (
  SELECT username, value, row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY username ORDER BY date DESC) AS rn
  FROM t
) t2
WHERE rn = 1

内连接

SELECT t.username, t.value
FROM t
INNER JOIN (
  SELECT username, MAX(date) AS date
  FROM t
  GROUP BY username
) tm ON t.username = tm.username AND t.date = tm.date;

左外连接

SELECT username, value
FROM t
LEFT OUTER JOIN t AS w ON t.username = w.username AND t.date < w.date
WHERE w.username IS NULL

其他回答

我使用这种方法获取表中每个用户的最后一条记录。 这是一个查询,根据PDA设备上检测到的最近时间,获得销售人员的最后位置。

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.UsersLocation()
RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN
Select GS.UserID, MAX(GS.UTCDateTime) 'LastDate'
From USERGPS GS
where year(GS.UTCDateTime) = YEAR(GETDATE()) 
Group By GS.UserID
GO
select  gs.UserID, sl.LastDate, gs.Latitude , gs.Longitude
        from USERGPS gs
        inner join USER s on gs.SalesManNo = s.SalesmanNo 
        inner join dbo.UsersLocation() sl on gs.UserID= sl.UserID and gs.UTCDateTime = sl.LastDate 
        order by LastDate desc
SELECT *
FROM ReportStatus c
inner join ( SELECT 
  MAX(Date) AS MaxDate
  FROM ReportStatus ) m
on  c.date = m.maxdate

对于Oracle,将结果集按降序排序,并获取第一个记录,因此您将获得最新的记录:

select * from mytable
where rownum = 1
order by date desc

Select * from table1 where lastest_date=(Select Max(lastest_date) from table1 where user=yourUserName)

内部查询将返回当前用户的最新日期,外部查询将根据内部查询结果拉出所有数据。

使用窗口函数(适用于Oracle, Postgres 8.4, SQL Server 2005, DB2, Sybase, Firebird 3.0, MariaDB 10.3)

select * from (
    select
        username,
        date,
        value,
        row_number() over(partition by username order by date desc) as rn
    from
        yourtable
) t
where t.rn = 1