我有一个表,它是一个关于用户何时登录的集合条目。

username, date,      value
--------------------------
brad,     1/2/2010,  1.1
fred,     1/3/2010,  1.0
bob,      8/4/2009,  1.5
brad,     2/2/2010,  1.2
fred,     12/2/2009, 1.3

etc..

我如何创建一个查询,将给我每个用户的最新日期?

更新:我忘记了我需要有一个值与最近的日期。


当前回答

SELECT t1.username, t1.date, value
FROM MyTable as t1
INNER JOIN (SELECT username, MAX(date)
            FROM MyTable
            GROUP BY username) as t2 ON  t2.username = t1.username AND t2.date = t1.date

其他回答

根据我的经验,最快的方法是取表中没有新行的每一行。

另一个优点是所使用的语法非常简单,而且查询的含义相当容易掌握(取所有行,确保所考虑的用户名不存在更新的行)。

不存在

SELECT username, value
FROM t
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
  SELECT *
  FROM t AS witness
  WHERE witness.username = t.username AND witness.date > t.date
);

ROW_NUMBER

SELECT username, value
FROM (
  SELECT username, value, row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY username ORDER BY date DESC) AS rn
  FROM t
) t2
WHERE rn = 1

内连接

SELECT t.username, t.value
FROM t
INNER JOIN (
  SELECT username, MAX(date) AS date
  FROM t
  GROUP BY username
) tm ON t.username = tm.username AND t.date = tm.date;

左外连接

SELECT username, value
FROM t
LEFT OUTER JOIN t AS w ON t.username = w.username AND t.date < w.date
WHERE w.username IS NULL

这与上面的一个答案相似,但在我看来,它更简单、更整洁。此外,还展示了交叉apply语句的良好用法。SQL Server 2005及以上版本…

select
    a.username,
    a.date,
    a.value,
from yourtable a
cross apply (select max(date) 'maxdate' from yourtable a1 where a.username=a1.username) b
where a.date=b.maxdate

这是一个简单的老派方法,适用于几乎所有的db引擎,但你必须小心重复:

select t.username, t.date, t.value
from MyTable t
inner join (
    select username, max(date) as MaxDate
    from MyTable
    group by username
) tm on t.username = tm.username and t.date = tm.MaxDate

使用窗口函数将避免由于重复的日期值而导致的任何可能的重复记录问题,所以如果你的db引擎允许它,你可以这样做:

select x.username, x.date, x.value 
from (
    select username, date, value,
        row_number() over (partition by username order by date desc) as _rn
    from MyTable 
) x
where x._rn = 1
SELECT MAX(DATE) AS dates 
FROM assignment  
JOIN paper_submission_detail ON  assignment.PAPER_SUB_ID = 
     paper_submission_detail.PAPER_SUB_ID 
SELECT *
FROM ReportStatus c
inner join ( SELECT 
  MAX(Date) AS MaxDate
  FROM ReportStatus ) m
on  c.date = m.maxdate