c#代码将[n,m] 2D数组向右旋转90度

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace MatrixProject
{
    // mattrix class

    class Matrix{
        private int rows;
        private int cols;
        private int[,] matrix;

        public Matrix(int n){
            this.rows = n;
            this.cols = n;
            this.matrix = new int[this.rows,this.cols];

        }

        public Matrix(int n,int m){
            this.rows = n;
            this.cols = m;

            this.matrix = new int[this.rows,this.cols];
        }

        public void Show()
        {
            for (var i = 0; i < this.rows; i++)
            {
                for (var j = 0; j < this.cols; j++) {
                    Console.Write("{0,3}", this.matrix[i, j]);
                }
                Console.WriteLine();
            }                
        }

        public void ReadElements()
        {
           for (var i = 0; i < this.rows; i++)
                for (var j = 0; j < this.cols; j++)
                {
                    Console.Write("element[{0},{1}]=",i,j);
                    this.matrix[i, j] = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
                }            
        }


        // rotate [n,m] 2D array by 90 deg right
        public void Rotate90DegRight()
        {

            // create a mirror of current matrix
            int[,] mirror = this.matrix;

            // create a new matrix
            this.matrix = new int[this.cols, this.rows];

            for (int i = 0; i < this.rows; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < this.cols; j++)
                {
                    this.matrix[j, this.rows - i - 1] = mirror[i, j];
                }
            }

            // replace cols count with rows count
            int tmp = this.rows;
            this.rows = this.cols;
            this.cols = tmp;           
        }
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Matrix myMatrix = new Matrix(3,4);
            Console.WriteLine("Enter matrix elements:");
            myMatrix.ReadElements();
            Console.WriteLine("Matrix elements are:");
            myMatrix.Show();
            myMatrix.Rotate90DegRight();
            Console.WriteLine("Matrix rotated at 90 deg are:");
            myMatrix.Show();
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}

结果:

    Enter matrix elements:
    element[0,0]=1
    element[0,1]=2
    element[0,2]=3
    element[0,3]=4
    element[1,0]=5
    element[1,1]=6
    element[1,2]=7
    element[1,3]=8
    element[2,0]=9
    element[2,1]=10
    element[2,2]=11
    element[2,3]=12
    Matrix elements are:
      1  2  3  4
      5  6  7  8
      9 10 11 12
    Matrix rotated at 90 deg are:
      9  5  1
     10  6  2
     11  7  3
     12  8  4

一些人已经举了一些例子，其中涉及到创建一个新数组。

还有一些需要考虑的事情:

(a)不实际移动数据，只需以不同的方式遍历“旋转”的数组。

(b)就地轮换可能有点棘手。您需要一点空白的地方(大概相当于一行或一列的大小)。有一篇古老的ACM论文是关于进行原地转置的(http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/355719.355729)，但是他们的示例代码是令人讨厌的充满goto的FORTRAN。

附录:

http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/355611.355612是另一种更优越的就地转置算法。

在JavaScript中实现dimple的+90伪代码(例如转置然后反转每一行):

function rotate90(a){
  // transpose from http://www.codesuck.com/2012/02/transpose-javascript-array-in-one-line.html
  a = Object.keys(a[0]).map(function (c) { return a.map(function (r) { return r[c]; }); });
  // row reverse
  for (i in a){
    a[i] = a[i].reverse();
  }
  return a;
}

short normal[4][4] = {{8,4,7,5},{3,4,5,7},{9,5,5,6},{3,3,3,3}};

short rotated[4][4];

for (int r = 0; r < 4; ++r)
{
  for (int c = 0; c < 4; ++c)
  {
    rotated[r][c] = normal[c][3-r];
  }
}

简单的c++方法，尽管在大数组中会有很大的内存开销。

Nick的答案也适用于NxM阵列，只需要做一点修改(与NxN相反)。

string[,] orig = new string[n, m];
string[,] rot = new string[m, n];

...

for ( int i=0; i < n; i++ )
  for ( int j=0; j < m; j++ )
    rot[j, n - i - 1] = orig[i, j];

考虑这个问题的一种方法是将轴(0,0)的中心从左上角移动到右上角。你只是简单地从一个转置到另一个。

这是我对矩阵90度旋转的尝试，这是c中的2步解决方案，首先转置矩阵，然后交换cols。

#define ROWS        5
#define COLS        5

void print_matrix_b(int B[][COLS], int rows, int cols) 
{
    for (int i = 0; i <= rows; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j <=cols; j++) {
            printf("%d ", B[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
}

void swap_columns(int B[][COLS], int l, int r, int rows)
{
    int tmp;
    for (int i = 0; i <= rows; i++) {
        tmp = B[i][l];
        B[i][l] = B[i][r];
        B[i][r] = tmp;
    }
}


void matrix_2d_rotation(int B[][COLS], int rows, int cols)
{
    int tmp;
    // Transpose the matrix first
    for (int i = 0; i <= rows; i++) {
        for (int j = i; j <=cols; j++) {
            tmp = B[i][j];
            B[i][j] = B[j][i];
            B[j][i] = tmp;
        }
    }
    // Swap the first and last col and continue until
    // the middle.
    for (int i = 0; i < (cols / 2); i++)
        swap_columns(B, i, cols - i, rows);
}



int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    int B[ROWS][COLS] = { 
                  {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, 
                      {6, 7, 8, 9, 10},
                          {11, 12, 13, 14, 15},
                          {16, 17, 18, 19, 20},
                          {21, 22, 23, 24, 25}
                        };

    matrix_2d_rotation(B, ROWS - 1, COLS - 1);

    print_matrix_b(B, ROWS - 1, COLS -1);
    return 0;
}