如何计算由经纬度指定的两点之间的距离?

为了澄清,我想用千米来表示距离;这些点使用WGS84系统,我想了解可用方法的相对准确性。


当前回答

在Mysql中使用以下函数传递参数,使用POINT(LONG,LAT)

CREATE FUNCTION `distance`(a POINT, b POINT)
 RETURNS double
    DETERMINISTIC
BEGIN

RETURN

GLength( LineString(( PointFromWKB(a)), (PointFromWKB(b)))) * 100000; -- To Make the distance in meters

END;

其他回答

你可以用Haversine公式计算它,它是:

a = sin²(Δφ/2) + cos φ1 ⋅ cos φ2 ⋅ sin²(Δλ/2)
c = 2 ⋅ atan2( √a, √(1−a) )
d = R ⋅ c

下面给出了一个计算两点之间距离的例子

假设我要计算从新德里到伦敦的距离,那么我该如何使用这个公式:

New delhi co-ordinates= 28.7041° N, 77.1025° E
London co-ordinates= 51.5074° N, 0.1278° W

var R = 6371e3; // metres
var φ1 = 28.7041.toRadians();
var φ2 = 51.5074.toRadians();
var Δφ = (51.5074-28.7041).toRadians();
var Δλ = (0.1278-77.1025).toRadians();

var a = Math.sin(Δφ/2) * Math.sin(Δφ/2) +
        Math.cos(φ1) * Math.cos(φ2) *
        Math.sin(Δλ/2) * Math.sin(Δλ/2);
var c = 2 * Math.atan2(Math.sqrt(a), Math.sqrt(1-a));

var d = R * c; // metres
d = d/1000; // km

如果你正在使用python; PIP安装地质

from geopy.distance import geodesic


origin = (30.172705, 31.526725)  # (latitude, longitude) don't confuse
destination = (30.288281, 31.732326)

print(geodesic(origin, destination).meters)  # 23576.805481751613
print(geodesic(origin, destination).kilometers)  # 23.576805481751613
print(geodesic(origin, destination).miles)  # 14.64994773134371
//JAVA
    public Double getDistanceBetweenTwoPoints(Double latitude1, Double longitude1, Double latitude2, Double longitude2) {
    final int RADIUS_EARTH = 6371;

    double dLat = getRad(latitude2 - latitude1);
    double dLong = getRad(longitude2 - longitude1);

    double a = Math.sin(dLat / 2) * Math.sin(dLat / 2) + Math.cos(getRad(latitude1)) * Math.cos(getRad(latitude2)) * Math.sin(dLong / 2) * Math.sin(dLong / 2);
    double c = 2 * Math.atan2(Math.sqrt(a), Math.sqrt(1 - a));
    return (RADIUS_EARTH * c) * 1000;
    }

    private Double getRad(Double x) {
    return x * Math.PI / 180;
    }

下面是Haversine公式的typescript实现

static getDistanceFromLatLonInKm(lat1: number, lon1: number, lat2: number, lon2: number): number {
    var deg2Rad = deg => {
        return deg * Math.PI / 180;
    }

    var r = 6371; // Radius of the earth in km
    var dLat = deg2Rad(lat2 - lat1);   
    var dLon = deg2Rad(lon2 - lon1);
    var a =
        Math.sin(dLat / 2) * Math.sin(dLat / 2) +
        Math.cos(deg2Rad(lat1)) * Math.cos(deg2Rad(lat2)) *
        Math.sin(dLon / 2) * Math.sin(dLon / 2);
    var c = 2 * Math.atan2(Math.sqrt(a), Math.sqrt(1 - a));
    var d = r * c; // Distance in km
    return d;
}

这个链接可能对你有帮助,因为它详细介绍了使用哈弗辛公式来计算距离。

摘录:

这个脚本计算两点之间的大圆距离 也就是说,在地球表面上的最短距离-使用 “半正矢”公式。

function getDistanceFromLatLonInKm(lat1,lon1,lat2,lon2) {
  var R = 6371; // Radius of the earth in km
  var dLat = deg2rad(lat2-lat1);  // deg2rad below
  var dLon = deg2rad(lon2-lon1); 
  var a = 
    Math.sin(dLat/2) * Math.sin(dLat/2) +
    Math.cos(deg2rad(lat1)) * Math.cos(deg2rad(lat2)) * 
    Math.sin(dLon/2) * Math.sin(dLon/2)
    ; 
  var c = 2 * Math.atan2(Math.sqrt(a), Math.sqrt(1-a)); 
  var d = R * c; // Distance in km
  return d;
}

function deg2rad(deg) {
  return deg * (Math.PI/180)
}