虽然这是一个很古老的问题，但由于我没有找到一个单行，所以我做了一个。

# original numbers in list
l = [1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4]

# empty dictionary to hold pair of number and its count
d = {}

# loop through all elements and store count
[ d.update( {i:d.get(i, 0)+1} ) for i in l ]

print(d)
# {1: 1, 2: 2, 3: 3, 4: 1}

另一种获取字典中每个项目出现次数的方法：

dict((i, a.count(i)) for i in a)

sum([1 for elem in <yourlist> if elem==<your_value>])

这将返回值的出现次数

以下是三种解决方案：

Fastest是使用for循环并将其存储在Dict中。

import time
from collections import Counter


def countElement(a):
    g = {}
    for i in a:
        if i in g: 
            g[i] +=1
        else: 
            g[i] =1
    return g


z = [1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,3,3,4,5,5,234,23,3,12,3,123,12,31,23,13,2,4,23,42,42,34,234,23,42,34,23,423,42,34,23,423,4,234,23,42,34,23,4,23,423,4,23,4]


#Solution 1 - Faster
st = time.monotonic()
for i in range(1000000):
    b = countElement(z)
et = time.monotonic()
print(b)
print('Simple for loop and storing it in dict - Duration: {}'.format(et - st))

#Solution 2 - Fast
st = time.monotonic()
for i in range(1000000):
    a = Counter(z)
et = time.monotonic()
print (a)
print('Using collections.Counter - Duration: {}'.format(et - st))

#Solution 3 - Slow
st = time.monotonic()
for i in range(1000000):
    g = dict([(i, z.count(i)) for i in set(z)])
et = time.monotonic()
print(g)
print('Using list comprehension - Duration: {}'.format(et - st))

后果

#解决方案1-更快

{1: 4, 2: 5, 3: 4, 4: 6, 5: 2, 234: 3, 23: 10, 12: 2, 123: 1, 31: 1, 13: 1, 42: 5, 34: 4, 423: 3}
Simple for loop and storing it in dict - Duration: 12.032000000000153

#解决方案2-快速

Counter({23: 10, 4: 6, 2: 5, 42: 5, 1: 4, 3: 4, 34: 4, 234: 3, 423: 3, 5: 2, 12: 2, 123: 1, 31: 1, 13: 1})
Using collections.Counter - Duration: 15.889999999999418

#解决方案3-缓慢

{1: 4, 2: 5, 3: 4, 4: 6, 5: 2, 34: 4, 423: 3, 234: 3, 42: 5, 12: 2, 13: 1, 23: 10, 123: 1, 31: 1}
Using list comprehension - Duration: 33.0

还可以使用内置模块运算符的countOf方法。

>>> import operator
>>> operator.countOf([1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 4, 1], 1)
3

统计列表中一项的出现次数

为了只计算一个列表项的出现次数，可以使用count（）

>>> l = ["a","b","b"]
>>> l.count("a")
1
>>> l.count("b")
2

计算列表中所有项目的出现次数也称为“清点”列表，或创建清点计数器。

使用count（）计算所有项目

要计算l中项目的出现次数，只需使用列表理解和count（）方法

[[x,l.count(x)] for x in set(l)]

（或类似于集合（l）中x的字典字典（（x，l.count（x））））

例子：

>>> l = ["a","b","b"]
>>> [[x,l.count(x)] for x in set(l)]
[['a', 1], ['b', 2]]
>>> dict((x,l.count(x)) for x in set(l))
{'a': 1, 'b': 2}

使用Counter（）计数所有项目

或者，集合库中有更快的Counter类

Counter(l)

例子：

>>> l = ["a","b","b"]
>>> from collections import Counter
>>> Counter(l)
Counter({'b': 2, 'a': 1})

计数器快多少？

我查了一下柜台清点清单的速度有多快。我尝试了两种方法，使用了几个n值，计数器的速度似乎快了大约2倍。

以下是我使用的脚本：

from __future__ import print_function
import timeit

t1=timeit.Timer('Counter(l)', \
                'import random;import string;from collections import Counter;n=1000;l=[random.choice(string.ascii_letters) for x in range(n)]'
                )

t2=timeit.Timer('[[x,l.count(x)] for x in set(l)]',
                'import random;import string;n=1000;l=[random.choice(string.ascii_letters) for x in range(n)]'
                )

print("Counter(): ", t1.repeat(repeat=3,number=10000))
print("count():   ", t2.repeat(repeat=3,number=10000)

输出：

Counter():  [0.46062711701961234, 0.4022796869976446, 0.3974247490405105]
count():    [7.779430688009597, 7.962715800967999, 8.420845870045014]