我有一个复杂的json文件,我必须处理javascript使其分层,以便稍后构建树。
json的每个条目都有:
Id:唯一的Id,
parentId:父节点的id(如果节点是树的根,则为0)
Level:树的深度级别
json数据已经“有序”。我的意思是,一个条目在它上面有一个父节点或兄弟节点,在它下面有一个子节点或兄弟节点。
输入:
{
"People": [
{
"id": "12",
"parentId": "0",
"text": "Man",
"level": "1",
"children": null
},
{
"id": "6",
"parentId": "12",
"text": "Boy",
"level": "2",
"children": null
},
{
"id": "7",
"parentId": "12",
"text": "Other",
"level": "2",
"children": null
},
{
"id": "9",
"parentId": "0",
"text": "Woman",
"level": "1",
"children": null
},
{
"id": "11",
"parentId": "9",
"text": "Girl",
"level": "2",
"children": null
}
],
"Animals": [
{
"id": "5",
"parentId": "0",
"text": "Dog",
"level": "1",
"children": null
},
{
"id": "8",
"parentId": "5",
"text": "Puppy",
"level": "2",
"children": null
},
{
"id": "10",
"parentId": "13",
"text": "Cat",
"level": "1",
"children": null
},
{
"id": "14",
"parentId": "13",
"text": "Kitten",
"level": "2",
"children": null
},
]
}
预期产量:
{
"People": [
{
"id": "12",
"parentId": "0",
"text": "Man",
"level": "1",
"children": [
{
"id": "6",
"parentId": "12",
"text": "Boy",
"level": "2",
"children": null
},
{
"id": "7",
"parentId": "12",
"text": "Other",
"level": "2",
"children": null
}
]
},
{
"id": "9",
"parentId": "0",
"text": "Woman",
"level": "1",
"children":
{
"id": "11",
"parentId": "9",
"text": "Girl",
"level": "2",
"children": null
}
}
],
"Animals": [
{
"id": "5",
"parentId": "0",
"text": "Dog",
"level": "1",
"children":
{
"id": "8",
"parentId": "5",
"text": "Puppy",
"level": "2",
"children": null
}
},
{
"id": "10",
"parentId": "13",
"text": "Cat",
"level": "1",
"children":
{
"id": "14",
"parentId": "13",
"text": "Kitten",
"level": "2",
"children": null
}
}
]
}
它可能是有用的包列表到树
安装:
bower install list-to-tree --save
or
npm install list-to-tree --save
例如,有列表:
var list = [
{
id: 1,
parent: 0
}, {
id: 2,
parent: 1
}, {
id: 3,
parent: 1
}, {
id: 4,
parent: 2
}, {
id: 5,
parent: 2
}, {
id: 6,
parent: 0
}, {
id: 7,
parent: 0
}, {
id: 8,
parent: 7
}, {
id: 9,
parent: 8
}, {
id: 10,
parent: 0
}
];
使用包列表到树:
var ltt = new LTT(list, {
key_id: 'id',
key_parent: 'parent'
});
var tree = ltt.GetTree();
结果:
[{
"id": 1,
"parent": 0,
"child": [
{
"id": 2,
"parent": 1,
"child": [
{
"id": 4,
"parent": 2
}, {
"id": 5, "parent": 2
}
]
},
{
"id": 3,
"parent": 1
}
]
}, {
"id": 6,
"parent": 0
}, {
"id": 7,
"parent": 0,
"child": [
{
"id": 8,
"parent": 7,
"child": [
{
"id": 9,
"parent": 8
}
]
}
]
}, {
"id": 10,
"parent": 0
}];
更新2022
这是一个针对无序项的建议。该函数使用单个循环和哈希表,并收集所有带有id的项。如果找到根节点,则将该对象添加到结果数组中。
const
getTree = (data, root) => {
const t = {};
data.forEach(o => ((t[o.parentId] ??= {}).children ??= []).push(Object.assign(t[o.id] ??= {}, o)));
return t[root].children;
},
data = { People: [{ id: "12", parentId: "0", text: "Man", level: "1", children: null }, { id: "6", parentId: "12", text: "Boy", level: "2", children: null }, { id: "7", parentId: "12", text: "Other", level: "2", children: null }, { id: "9", parentId: "0", text: "Woman", level: "1", children: null }, { id: "11", parentId: "9", text: "Girl", level: "2", children: null }], Animals: [{ id: "5", parentId: "0", text: "Dog", level: "1", children: null }, { id: "8", parentId: "5", text: "Puppy", level: "2", children: null }, { id: "10", parentId: "13", text: "Cat", level: "1", children: null }, { id: "14", parentId: "13", text: "Kitten", level: "2", children: null }] },
result = Object.fromEntries(Object
.entries(data)
.map(([k, v]) => [k, getTree(v, '0')])
);
console.log(result);
.as-console-wrapper { max-height: 100% !important; top: 0; }
这是我在一个react项目中使用的
// ListToTree.js
import _filter from 'lodash/filter';
import _map from 'lodash/map';
export default (arr, parentIdKey) => _map(_filter(arr, ar => !ar[parentIdKey]), ar => ({
...ar,
children: _filter(arr, { [parentIdKey]: ar.id }),
}));
用法:
// somewhere.js
import ListToTree from '../Transforms/ListToTree';
const arr = [
{
"id":"Bci6XhCLZKPXZMUztm1R",
"name":"Sith"
},
{
"id":"C3D71CMmASiR6FfDPlEy",
"name":"Luke",
"parentCategoryId":"ltatOlEkHdVPf49ACCMc"
},
{
"id":"aS8Ag1BQqxkO6iWBFnsf",
"name":"Obi Wan",
"parentCategoryId":"ltatOlEkHdVPf49ACCMc"
},
{
"id":"ltatOlEkHdVPf49ACCMc",
"name":"Jedi"
},
{
"id":"pw3CNdNhnbuxhPar6nOP",
"name":"Palpatine",
"parentCategoryId":"Bci6XhCLZKPXZMUztm1R"
}
];
const response = ListToTree(arr, 'parentCategoryId');
输出:
[
{
"id":"Bci6XhCLZKPXZMUztm1R",
"name":"Sith",
"children":[
{
"id":"pw3CNdNhnbuxhPar6nOP",
"name":"Palpatine",
"parentCategoryId":"Bci6XhCLZKPXZMUztm1R"
}
]
},
{
"id":"ltatOlEkHdVPf49ACCMc",
"name":"Jedi",
"children":[
{
"id":"C3D71CMmASiR6FfDPlEy",
"name":"Luke",
"parentCategoryId":"ltatOlEkHdVPf49ACCMc"
},
{
"id":"aS8Ag1BQqxkO6iWBFnsf",
"name":"Obi Wan",
"parentCategoryId":"ltatOlEkHdVPf49ACCMc"
}
]
}
]```
将节点数组转换为树
ES6函数转换数组节点(由父ID相关)到树结构:
/**
* Convert nodes list related by parent ID - to tree.
* @syntax getTree(nodesArray [, rootID [, propertyName]])
*
* @param {Array} arr Array of nodes
* @param {integer} id Defaults to 0
* @param {string} p Property name. Defaults to "parent_id"
* @returns {Object} Nodes tree
*/
const getTree = (arr, p = "parent_id") => arr.reduce((o, n) => {
if (!o[n.id]) o[n.id] = {};
if (!o[n[p]]) o[n[p]] = {};
if (!o[n[p]].nodes) o[n[p]].nodes= [];
if (o[n.id].nodes) n.nodes= o[n.id].nodes;
o[n[p]].nodes.push(n);
o[n.id] = n;
return o;
}, {});
从节点树生成HTML列表
有了我们的树,这里有一个递归函数来构建UL > LI元素:
/**
* Convert Tree structure to UL>LI and append to Element
* @syntax getTree(treeArray [, TargetElement [, onLICreatedCallback ]])
*
* @param {Array} tree Tree array of nodes
* @param {Element} el HTMLElement to insert into
* @param {function} cb Callback function called on every LI creation
*/
const treeToHTML = (tree, el, cb) => el.append(tree.reduce((ul, n) => {
const li = document.createElement('li');
if (cb) cb.call(li, n);
if (n.nodes?.length) treeToHTML(n.nodes, li, cb);
ul.append(li);
return ul;
}, document.createElement('ul')));
演示时间
下面是一个使用上述两个函数的线性节点数组的例子:
const getTree = (arr, p = "parent_id") => arr.reduce((o, n) => {
if (!o[n.id]) o[n.id] = {};
if (!o[n[p]]) o[n[p]] = {};
if (!o[n[p]].nodes) o[n[p]].nodes = [];
if (o[n.id].nodes) n.nodes = o[n.id].nodes;
o[n[p]].nodes.push(n);
o[n.id] = n;
return o;
}, {});
const treeToHTML = (tree, el, cb) => el.append(tree.reduce((ul, n) => {
const li = document.createElement('li');
if (cb) cb.call(li, n);
if (n.nodes?.length) treeToHTML(n.nodes, li, cb);
ul.append(li);
return ul;
}, document.createElement('ul')));
// DEMO TIME:
const nodesList = [
{id: 10, parent_id: 4, text: "Item 10"}, // PS: Order does not matters
{id: 1, parent_id: 0, text: "Item 1"},
{id: 4, parent_id: 0, text: "Item 4"},
{id: 3, parent_id: 5, text: "Item 3"},
{id: 5, parent_id: 4, text: "Item 5"},
{id: 2, parent_id: 1, text: "Item 2"},
];
const myTree = getTree(nodesList)[0].nodes; // Get nodes of Root (0)
treeToHTML(myTree, document.querySelector("#tree"), function(node) {
this.textContent = `(${node.parent_id} ${node.id}) ${node.text}`;
this._node = node;
this.addEventListener('click', clickHandler);
});
function clickHandler(ev) {
if (ev.target !== this) return;
console.clear();
console.log(this._node.id);
};
<div id="tree"></div>
Based on @FurkanO's answer, I created another version that does not mutate the origial data (like @Dac0d3r requested). I really liked @shekhardtu's answer, but realized it had to filter through the data many times. I thought a solution could be to use FurkanO's answer by copying the data first. I tried my version in jsperf, and the results where unfortunately (very) bleak... It seems like the accepted answer is really a good one! My version is quite configurable and failsafe though, so I share it with you guys anyway; here is my contribution:
function unflat(data, options = {}) {
const { id, parentId, childrenKey } = {
id: "id",
parentId: "parentId",
childrenKey: "children",
...options
};
const copiesById = data.reduce(
(copies, datum) => ((copies[datum[id]] = datum) && copies),
{}
);
return Object.values(copiesById).reduce(
(root, datum) => {
if ( datum[parentId] && copiesById[datum[parentId]] ) {
copiesById[datum[parentId]][childrenKey] = [ ...copiesById[datum[parentId]][childrenKey], datum ];
} else {
root = [ ...root, datum ];
}
return root
}, []
);
}
const data = [
{
"account": "10",
"name": "Konto 10",
"parentAccount": null
},{
"account": "1010",
"name": "Konto 1010",
"parentAccount": "10"
},{
"account": "10101",
"name": "Konto 10101",
"parentAccount": "1010"
},{
"account": "10102",
"name": "Konto 10102",
"parentAccount": "1010"
},{
"account": "10103",
"name": "Konto 10103",
"parentAccount": "1010"
},{
"account": "20",
"name": "Konto 20",
"parentAccount": null
},{
"account": "2020",
"name": "Konto 2020",
"parentAccount": "20"
},{
"account": "20201",
"name": "Konto 20201",
"parentAccount": "2020"
},{
"account": "20202",
"name": "Konto 20202",
"parentAccount": "2020"
}
];
const options = {
id: "account",
parentId: "parentAccount",
childrenKey: "children"
};
console.log(
"Hierarchical tree",
unflat(data, options)
);
通过options参数,可以配置将哪个属性用作id或父id。也可以配置children属性的名称,如果有人想要“childNodes”:[]或其他什么。
OP可以简单地使用默认选项:
input.People = unflat(input.People);
如果父对象id是假的(null, undefined或其他假的值)或父对象不存在,我们认为该对象是根节点。
我使用@FurkanO answer并创建了一个可以用于任何对象类型的泛型函数,我还用TypeScript写了这个函数,我更喜欢它,因为它有自动补全功能。
实现:
1. Javascript:
export const flatListToTree = (flatList, idPath, parentIdPath, childListPath, isParent) => {
const rootParents = [];
const map = {};
for (const item of flatList) {
if (!item[childListPath]) item[childListPath] = [];
map[item[idPath]] = item;
}
for (const item of flatList) {
const parentId = item[parentIdPath];
if (isParent(item)) {
rootParents.push(item);
} else {
const parentItem = map[parentId];
parentItem[childListPath].push(item);
}
}
return rootParents;
};
2. TypeScript:我假设“T”类型有一个属性的孩子列表,你可以改变“childListPath”是一个字符串而不是“keyof T”如果你有不同的用例。
export const flatListToTree = <T>(
flatList: T[],
idPath: keyof T,
parentIdPath: keyof T,
childListPath: keyof T,
isParent: (t: T) => boolean,
) => {
const rootParents: T[] = [];
const map: any = {};
for (const item of flatList) {
if (!(item as any)[childListPath]) (item as any)[childListPath] = [];
map[item[idPath]] = item;
}
for (const item of flatList) {
const parentId = item[parentIdPath];
if (isParent(item)) {
rootParents.push(item);
} else {
const parentItem = map[parentId];
parentItem[childListPath].push(item);
}
}
return rootParents;
};
使用方法:
const nodes = [
{ id: 2, pid: undefined, children: [] },
{ id: 3, pid: 2 },
{ id: 4, pid: 2 },
{ id: 5, pid: 4 },
{ id: 6, pid: 5 },
{ id: 7, pid: undefined },
{ id: 8, pid: 7 },
];
const result = flatListToTree(nodes, "id", "pid", "children", node => node.pid === undefined);