要将mydirectory的内容添加到新的zip文件中，包括所有文件和子目录：

import os
import zipfile

zf = zipfile.ZipFile("myzipfile.zip", "w")
for dirname, subdirs, files in os.walk("mydirectory"):
    zf.write(dirname)
    for filename in files:
        zf.write(os.path.join(dirname, filename))
zf.close()

现代Python（3.6+）使用pathlib模块对路径进行类似OOP的简洁处理，使用pathlib.Path.rglob（）进行递归globing。据我所知，这相当于乔治·V·莱利的回答：压缩压缩，最顶层的元素是目录，保持空目录，使用相对路径。

from pathlib import Path
from zipfile import ZIP_DEFLATED, ZipFile

from os import PathLike
from typing import Union


def zip_dir(zip_name: str, source_dir: Union[str, PathLike]):
    src_path = Path(source_dir).expanduser().resolve(strict=True)
    with ZipFile(zip_name, 'w', ZIP_DEFLATED) as zf:
        for file in src_path.rglob('*'):
            zf.write(file, file.relative_to(src_path.parent))

注意：如可选类型提示所示，zip_name不能是Path对象（将在3.6.2+中修复）。

我还有另一个代码示例可能会有所帮助，使用python3、pathlib和zipfile。它应该可以在任何操作系统中工作。

from pathlib import Path
import zipfile
from datetime import datetime

DATE_FORMAT = '%y%m%d'


def date_str():
    """returns the today string year, month, day"""
    return '{}'.format(datetime.now().strftime(DATE_FORMAT))


def zip_name(path):
    """returns the zip filename as string"""
    cur_dir = Path(path).resolve()
    parent_dir = cur_dir.parents[0]
    zip_filename = '{}/{}_{}.zip'.format(parent_dir, cur_dir.name, date_str())
    p_zip = Path(zip_filename)
    n = 1
    while p_zip.exists():
        zip_filename = ('{}/{}_{}_{}.zip'.format(parent_dir, cur_dir.name,
                                             date_str(), n))
        p_zip = Path(zip_filename)
        n += 1
    return zip_filename


def all_files(path):
    """iterator returns all files and folders from path as absolute path string
    """
    for child in Path(path).iterdir():
        yield str(child)
        if child.is_dir():
            for grand_child in all_files(str(child)):
                yield str(Path(grand_child))


def zip_dir(path):
    """generate a zip"""
    zip_filename = zip_name(path)
    zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(zip_filename, 'w')
    print('create:', zip_filename)
    for file in all_files(path):
        print('adding... ', file)
        zip_file.write(file)
    zip_file.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    zip_dir('.')
    print('end!')

函数创建zip文件。

def CREATEZIPFILE(zipname, path):
    #function to create a zip file
    #Parameters: zipname - name of the zip file; path - name of folder/file to be put in zip file

    zipf = zipfile.ZipFile(zipname, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
    zipf.setpassword(b"password") #if you want to set password to zipfile

    #checks if the path is file or directory
    if os.path.isdir(path):
        for files in os.listdir(path):
            zipf.write(os.path.join(path, files), files)

    elif os.path.isfile(path):
        zipf.write(os.path.join(path), path)
    zipf.close()

下面是Nux给出的答案的一个变体，对我有用：

def WriteDirectoryToZipFile( zipHandle, srcPath, zipLocalPath = "", zipOperation = zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED ):
    basePath = os.path.split( srcPath )[ 0 ]
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk( srcPath ):
        p = os.path.join( zipLocalPath, root [ ( len( basePath ) + 1 ) : ] )
        # add dir
        zipHandle.write( root, p, zipOperation )
        # add files
        for f in files:
            filePath = os.path.join( root, f )
            fileInZipPath = os.path.join( p, f )
            zipHandle.write( filePath, fileInZipPath, zipOperation )

正如其他人所指出的，您应该使用zipfile。文档告诉哪些函数可用，但并没有真正解释如何使用它们压缩整个目录。我认为用一些示例代码来解释是最简单的：

import os
import zipfile
    
def zipdir(path, ziph):
    # ziph is zipfile handle
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
        for file in files:
            ziph.write(os.path.join(root, file), 
                       os.path.relpath(os.path.join(root, file), 
                                       os.path.join(path, '..')))

with zipfile.ZipFile('Python.zip', 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zipf:
    zipdir('tmp/', zipf)