如何在Python中创建目录结构的zip存档?
当前回答
要将mydirectory的内容添加到新的zip文件中,包括所有文件和子目录:
import os
import zipfile
zf = zipfile.ZipFile("myzipfile.zip", "w")
for dirname, subdirs, files in os.walk("mydirectory"):
zf.write(dirname)
for filename in files:
zf.write(os.path.join(dirname, filename))
zf.close()
其他回答
如何在Python中创建目录结构的zip存档?
在Python脚本中
在Python 2.7+中,shutil有一个make_archive函数。
from shutil import make_archive
make_archive(
'zipfile_name',
'zip', # the archive format - or tar, bztar, gztar
root_dir=None, # root for archive - current working dir if None
base_dir=None) # start archiving from here - cwd if None too
在这里,压缩的归档文件将命名为zipfile_name.zip。如果base_dir距离root_dir更远,它将排除不在base_dir中的文件,但仍将父目录中的文件归档到root_dir。
我在Cygwin上用2.7测试这个时确实遇到了问题——它需要一个root_dir参数,用于cwd:
make_archive('zipfile_name', 'zip', root_dir='.')
从shell使用Python
您也可以使用zipfile模块从shell中使用Python执行此操作:
$ python -m zipfile -c zipname sourcedir
其中zipname是所需目标文件的名称(如果需要,请添加.zip,它不会自动执行),sourcedir是目录的路径。
压缩Python(或者只是不需要父目录):
如果您试图用__init__.py和__main__.py压缩一个python包,并且不需要父目录
$ python -m zipfile -c zipname sourcedir/*
And
$ python zipname
将运行程序包。(请注意,不能将子包作为压缩存档的入口点运行。)
压缩Python应用程序:
如果您有python3.5+,并且特别想压缩Python包,请使用ziapp:
$ python -m zipapp myapp
$ python myapp.pyz
我对Mark Byers给出的代码做了一些修改。如果您有空目录,下面的函数也会添加它们。示例应该更清楚添加到zip的路径是什么。
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import zipfile
def addDirToZip(zipHandle, path, basePath=""):
"""
Adding directory given by \a path to opened zip file \a zipHandle
@param basePath path that will be removed from \a path when adding to archive
Examples:
# add whole "dir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir")
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir')
zipHandle.close()
# add contents of "dir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only it's contents)
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir', 'dir')
zipHandle.close()
# add contents of "dir/subdir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only contents of "subdir")
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir', 'dir/subdir')
zipHandle.close()
# add whole "dir/subdir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "subdir")
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir', 'dir')
zipHandle.close()
# add whole "dir/subdir" with full path to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir" and inside it only "subdir")
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir')
zipHandle.close()
# add whole "dir" and "otherDir" (with full path) to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir" and "otherDir")
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'otherDir')
zipHandle.close()
"""
basePath = basePath.rstrip("\\/") + ""
basePath = basePath.rstrip("\\/")
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
# add dir itself (needed for empty dirs
zipHandle.write(os.path.join(root, "."))
# add files
for file in files:
filePath = os.path.join(root, file)
inZipPath = filePath.replace(basePath, "", 1).lstrip("\\/")
#print filePath + " , " + inZipPath
zipHandle.write(filePath, inZipPath)
以上是一个简单的函数,适用于简单的情况。你可以在我的Gist中找到更优雅的课程:https://gist.github.com/Eccenux/17526123107ca0ac28e6
假设要压缩当前目录中的所有文件夹(子目录)。
for root, dirs, files in os.walk("."):
for sub_dir in dirs:
zip_you_want = sub_dir+".zip"
zip_process = zipfile.ZipFile(zip_you_want, "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
zip_process.write(file_you_want_to_include)
zip_process.close()
print("Successfully zipped directory: {sub_dir}".format(sub_dir=sub_dir))
显而易见的方法是使用shutil,就像第二个顶级答案所说的那样,但如果出于某种原因,您仍然希望使用ZipFile,并且如果您在执行此操作时遇到一些问题(如Windows等中的ERR 13),您可以使用此修复程序:
import os
import zipfile
def retrieve_file_paths(dirName):
filePaths = []
for root, directories, files in os.walk(dirName):
for filename in files:
filePath = os.path.join(root, filename)
filePaths.append(filePath)
return filePaths
def main(dir_name, output_filename):
filePaths = retrieve_file_paths(dir_name)
zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(output_filename+'.zip', 'w')
with zip_file:
for file in filePaths:
zip_file.write(file)
main("my_dir", "my_dir_archived")
该方法递归地遍历给定文件夹中的每个子文件夹/文件,并将它们写入zip文件,而不是尝试直接压缩文件夹。
# import required python modules
# You have to install zipfile package using pip install
import os,zipfile
# Change the directory where you want your new zip file to be
os.chdir('Type your destination')
# Create a new zipfile ( I called it myfile )
zf = zipfile.ZipFile('myfile.zip','w')
# os.walk gives a directory tree. Access the files using a for loop
for dirnames,folders,files in os.walk('Type your directory'):
zf.write('Type your Directory')
for file in files:
zf.write(os.path.join('Type your directory',file))
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