要提供更大的灵活性，例如按名称选择目录/文件，请使用：

import os
import zipfile

def zipall(ob, path, rel=""):
    basename = os.path.basename(path)
    if os.path.isdir(path):
        if rel == "":
            rel = basename
        ob.write(path, os.path.join(rel))
        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
            for d in dirs:
                zipall(ob, os.path.join(root, d), os.path.join(rel, d))
            for f in files:
                ob.write(os.path.join(root, f), os.path.join(rel, f))
            break
    elif os.path.isfile(path):
        ob.write(path, os.path.join(rel, basename))
    else:
        pass

对于文件树：

.
├── dir
│   ├── dir2
│   │   └── file2.txt
│   ├── dir3
│   │   └── file3.txt
│   └── file.txt
├── dir4
│   ├── dir5
│   └── file4.txt
├── listdir.zip
├── main.py
├── root.txt
└── selective.zip

例如，您可以只选择dir4和root.txt：

cwd = os.getcwd()
files = [os.path.join(cwd, f) for f in ['dir4', 'root.txt']]

with zipfile.ZipFile("selective.zip", "w" ) as myzip:
    for f in files:
        zipall(myzip, f)

或者只需在脚本调用目录中列出目录，然后从中添加所有内容：

with zipfile.ZipFile("listdir.zip", "w" ) as myzip:
    for f in os.listdir():
        if f == "listdir.zip":
            # Creating a listdir.zip in the same directory
            # will include listdir.zip inside itself, beware of this
            continue
        zipall(myzip, f)

显而易见的方法是使用shutil，就像第二个顶级答案所说的那样，但如果出于某种原因，您仍然希望使用ZipFile，并且如果您在执行此操作时遇到一些问题（如Windows等中的ERR 13），您可以使用此修复程序：

import os
import zipfile

def retrieve_file_paths(dirName):
  filePaths = []
  for root, directories, files in os.walk(dirName):
    for filename in files:
        filePath = os.path.join(root, filename)
        filePaths.append(filePath)
  return filePaths
 
def main(dir_name, output_filename):
  filePaths = retrieve_file_paths(dir_name)
   
  zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(output_filename+'.zip', 'w')
  with zip_file:
    for file in filePaths:
      zip_file.write(file)

main("my_dir", "my_dir_archived")

该方法递归地遍历给定文件夹中的每个子文件夹/文件，并将它们写入zip文件，而不是尝试直接压缩文件夹。

前面的答案完全忽略了一点，即当您在Windows上运行代码时，使用os.path.join（）可以很容易地返回POSIX不兼容的路径。当使用Linux上的任何常用归档软件处理文件时，生成的归档文件将包含名称中带有反斜杠的文件，这不是您想要的。请改用path.as_posix（）作为arcname参数！

import zipfile
from pathlib import Path
with zipfile.ZipFile("archive.zip", "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zf:
    for path in Path("include_all_of_this_folder").rglob("*"):
        zf.write(path, path.as_posix())

下面是Nux给出的答案的一个变体，对我有用：

def WriteDirectoryToZipFile( zipHandle, srcPath, zipLocalPath = "", zipOperation = zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED ):
    basePath = os.path.split( srcPath )[ 0 ]
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk( srcPath ):
        p = os.path.join( zipLocalPath, root [ ( len( basePath ) + 1 ) : ] )
        # add dir
        zipHandle.write( root, p, zipOperation )
        # add files
        for f in files:
            filePath = os.path.join( root, f )
            fileInZipPath = os.path.join( p, f )
            zipHandle.write( filePath, fileInZipPath, zipOperation )

假设要压缩当前目录中的所有文件夹（子目录）。

for root, dirs, files in os.walk("."):
    for sub_dir in dirs:
        zip_you_want = sub_dir+".zip"
        zip_process = zipfile.ZipFile(zip_you_want, "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
        zip_process.write(file_you_want_to_include)
        zip_process.close()

        print("Successfully zipped directory: {sub_dir}".format(sub_dir=sub_dir))

我对Mark Byers给出的代码做了一些修改。如果您有空目录，下面的函数也会添加它们。示例应该更清楚添加到zip的路径是什么。

#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import zipfile

def addDirToZip(zipHandle, path, basePath=""):
    """
    Adding directory given by \a path to opened zip file \a zipHandle

    @param basePath path that will be removed from \a path when adding to archive

    Examples:
        # add whole "dir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir")
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir')
        zipHandle.close()

        # add contents of "dir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only it's contents)
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir', 'dir')
        zipHandle.close()

        # add contents of "dir/subdir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only contents of "subdir")
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir', 'dir/subdir')
        zipHandle.close()

        # add whole "dir/subdir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "subdir")
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir', 'dir')
        zipHandle.close()

        # add whole "dir/subdir" with full path to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir" and inside it only "subdir")
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir')
        zipHandle.close()

        # add whole "dir" and "otherDir" (with full path) to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir" and "otherDir")
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'otherDir')
        zipHandle.close()
    """
    basePath = basePath.rstrip("\\/") + ""
    basePath = basePath.rstrip("\\/")
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
        # add dir itself (needed for empty dirs
        zipHandle.write(os.path.join(root, "."))
        # add files
        for file in files:
            filePath = os.path.join(root, file)
            inZipPath = filePath.replace(basePath, "", 1).lstrip("\\/")
            #print filePath + " , " + inZipPath
            zipHandle.write(filePath, inZipPath)

以上是一个简单的函数，适用于简单的情况。你可以在我的Gist中找到更优雅的课程：https://gist.github.com/Eccenux/17526123107ca0ac28e6