如何在Python中创建目录结构的zip存档?
当前回答
压缩文件或树(目录及其子目录)。
from pathlib import Path
from zipfile import ZipFile, ZIP_DEFLATED
def make_zip(tree_path, zip_path, mode='w', skip_empty_dir=False):
with ZipFile(zip_path, mode=mode, compression=ZIP_DEFLATED) as zf:
paths = [Path(tree_path)]
while paths:
p = paths.pop()
if p.is_dir():
paths.extend(p.iterdir())
if skip_empty_dir:
continue
zf.write(p)
要附加到现有存档,请传递mode='a',以创建新的存档mode='w'(上面的默认值)。因此,假设您希望将3个不同的目录树捆绑在同一归档文件下。
make_zip(path_to_tree1, path_to_arch, mode='w')
make_zip(path_to_tree2, path_to_arch, mode='a')
make_zip(path_to_file3, path_to_arch, mode='a')
其他回答
您可能想看看zipfile模块;文档位于http://docs.python.org/library/zipfile.html.
您可能还需要os.walk()来索引目录结构。
我通过将Mark Byers的解决方案与Reimund和Morten Zilmer的评论(相对路径和包括空目录)合并,准备了一个函数。作为最佳实践,在ZipFile的文件构造中使用。
该函数还准备一个带有压缩目录名和“.zip”扩展名的默认zip文件名。因此,它只使用一个参数:要压缩的源目录。
import os
import zipfile
def zip_dir(path_dir, path_file_zip=''):
if not path_file_zip:
path_file_zip = os.path.join(
os.path.dirname(path_dir), os.path.basename(path_dir)+'.zip')
with zipfile.ZipFile(path_file_zip, 'wb', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zip_file:
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path_dir):
for file_or_dir in files + dirs:
zip_file.write(
os.path.join(root, file_or_dir),
os.path.relpath(os.path.join(root, file_or_dir),
os.path.join(path_dir, os.path.pardir)))
下面是Nux给出的答案的一个变体,对我有用:
def WriteDirectoryToZipFile( zipHandle, srcPath, zipLocalPath = "", zipOperation = zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED ):
basePath = os.path.split( srcPath )[ 0 ]
for root, dirs, files in os.walk( srcPath ):
p = os.path.join( zipLocalPath, root [ ( len( basePath ) + 1 ) : ] )
# add dir
zipHandle.write( root, p, zipOperation )
# add files
for f in files:
filePath = os.path.join( root, f )
fileInZipPath = os.path.join( p, f )
zipHandle.write( filePath, fileInZipPath, zipOperation )
我对Mark Byers给出的代码做了一些修改。如果您有空目录,下面的函数也会添加它们。示例应该更清楚添加到zip的路径是什么。
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import zipfile
def addDirToZip(zipHandle, path, basePath=""):
"""
Adding directory given by \a path to opened zip file \a zipHandle
@param basePath path that will be removed from \a path when adding to archive
Examples:
# add whole "dir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir")
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir')
zipHandle.close()
# add contents of "dir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only it's contents)
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir', 'dir')
zipHandle.close()
# add contents of "dir/subdir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only contents of "subdir")
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir', 'dir/subdir')
zipHandle.close()
# add whole "dir/subdir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "subdir")
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir', 'dir')
zipHandle.close()
# add whole "dir/subdir" with full path to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir" and inside it only "subdir")
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir')
zipHandle.close()
# add whole "dir" and "otherDir" (with full path) to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir" and "otherDir")
zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir')
addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'otherDir')
zipHandle.close()
"""
basePath = basePath.rstrip("\\/") + ""
basePath = basePath.rstrip("\\/")
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
# add dir itself (needed for empty dirs
zipHandle.write(os.path.join(root, "."))
# add files
for file in files:
filePath = os.path.join(root, file)
inZipPath = filePath.replace(basePath, "", 1).lstrip("\\/")
#print filePath + " , " + inZipPath
zipHandle.write(filePath, inZipPath)
以上是一个简单的函数,适用于简单的情况。你可以在我的Gist中找到更优雅的课程:https://gist.github.com/Eccenux/17526123107ca0ac28e6
好吧,在阅读了这些建议之后,我想出了一个非常类似的方法,它可以在2.7.x中工作,而不会创建“有趣”的目录名(绝对类似的名称),并且只会在zip中创建指定的文件夹。
或者只是为了以防万一,您需要在zip中包含一个包含所选目录内容的文件夹。
def zipDir( path, ziph ) :
"""
Inserts directory (path) into zipfile instance (ziph)
"""
for root, dirs, files in os.walk( path ) :
for file in files :
ziph.write( os.path.join( root, file ) , os.path.basename( os.path.normpath( path ) ) + "\\" + file )
def makeZip( pathToFolder ) :
"""
Creates a zip file with the specified folder
"""
zipf = zipfile.ZipFile( pathToFolder + 'file.zip', 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED )
zipDir( pathToFolder, zipf )
zipf.close()
print( "Zip file saved to: " + pathToFolder)
makeZip( "c:\\path\\to\\folder\\to\\insert\\into\\zipfile" )
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