如何在Python中创建目录结构的zip存档?
当前回答
使用pathlib.Path的解决方案,它独立于所使用的操作系统:
import zipfile
from pathlib import Path
def zip_dir(path: Path, zip_file_path: Path):
"""Zip all contents of path to zip_file"""
files_to_zip = [
file for file in path.glob('*') if file.is_file()]
with zipfile.ZipFile(
zip_file_path, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zip_f:
for file in files_to_zip:
print(file.name)
zip_f.write(file, file.name)
current_dir = Path.cwd()
zip_dir = current_dir / "test"
tools.zip_dir(
zip_dir, current_dir / 'Zipped_dir.zip')
其他回答
# import required python modules
# You have to install zipfile package using pip install
import os,zipfile
# Change the directory where you want your new zip file to be
os.chdir('Type your destination')
# Create a new zipfile ( I called it myfile )
zf = zipfile.ZipFile('myfile.zip','w')
# os.walk gives a directory tree. Access the files using a for loop
for dirnames,folders,files in os.walk('Type your directory'):
zf.write('Type your Directory')
for file in files:
zf.write(os.path.join('Type your directory',file))
显而易见的方法是使用shutil,就像第二个顶级答案所说的那样,但如果出于某种原因,您仍然希望使用ZipFile,并且如果您在执行此操作时遇到一些问题(如Windows等中的ERR 13),您可以使用此修复程序:
import os
import zipfile
def retrieve_file_paths(dirName):
filePaths = []
for root, directories, files in os.walk(dirName):
for filename in files:
filePath = os.path.join(root, filename)
filePaths.append(filePath)
return filePaths
def main(dir_name, output_filename):
filePaths = retrieve_file_paths(dir_name)
zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(output_filename+'.zip', 'w')
with zip_file:
for file in filePaths:
zip_file.write(file)
main("my_dir", "my_dir_archived")
该方法递归地遍历给定文件夹中的每个子文件夹/文件,并将它们写入zip文件,而不是尝试直接压缩文件夹。
试试下面的一个。它对我有用。
import zipfile, os
zipf = "compress.zip"
def main():
directory = r"Filepath"
toZip(directory)
def toZip(directory):
zippedHelp = zipfile.ZipFile(zipf, "w", compression=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED )
list = os.listdir(directory)
for file_list in list:
file_name = os.path.join(directory,file_list)
if os.path.isfile(file_name):
print file_name
zippedHelp.write(file_name)
else:
addFolderToZip(zippedHelp,file_list,directory)
print "---------------Directory Found-----------------------"
zippedHelp.close()
def addFolderToZip(zippedHelp,folder,directory):
path=os.path.join(directory,folder)
print path
file_list=os.listdir(path)
for file_name in file_list:
file_path=os.path.join(path,file_name)
if os.path.isfile(file_path):
zippedHelp.write(file_path)
elif os.path.isdir(file_name):
print "------------------sub directory found--------------------"
addFolderToZip(zippedHelp,file_name,path)
if __name__=="__main__":
main()
前面的答案完全忽略了一点,即当您在Windows上运行代码时,使用os.path.join()可以很容易地返回POSIX不兼容的路径。当使用Linux上的任何常用归档软件处理文件时,生成的归档文件将包含名称中带有反斜杠的文件,这不是您想要的。请改用path.as_posix()作为arcname参数!
import zipfile
from pathlib import Path
with zipfile.ZipFile("archive.zip", "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zf:
for path in Path("include_all_of_this_folder").rglob("*"):
zf.write(path, path.as_posix())
这里有这么多答案,我希望我可以贡献我自己的版本,它基于原始答案(顺便提一下),但具有更图形化的视角,也为每个zipfile设置使用上下文并对os.walk()进行排序,以便获得有序的输出。
有了这些文件夹和文件(以及其他文件夹),我想为每个cap_文件夹创建一个.zip:
$ tree -d
.
├── cap_01
| ├── 0101000001.json
| ├── 0101000002.json
| ├── 0101000003.json
|
├── cap_02
| ├── 0201000001.json
| ├── 0201000002.json
| ├── 0201001003.json
|
├── cap_03
| ├── 0301000001.json
| ├── 0301000002.json
| ├── 0301000003.json
|
├── docs
| ├── map.txt
| ├── main_data.xml
|
├── core_files
├── core_master
├── core_slave
以下是我应用的内容,并附有评论,以更好地理解流程。
$ cat zip_cap_dirs.py
""" Zip 'cap_*' directories. """
import os
import zipfile as zf
for root, dirs, files in sorted(os.walk('.')):
if 'cap_' in root:
print(f"Compressing: {root}")
# Defining .zip name, according to Capítulo.
cap_dir_zip = '{}.zip'.format(root)
# Opening zipfile context for current root dir.
with zf.ZipFile(cap_dir_zip, 'w', zf.ZIP_DEFLATED) as new_zip:
# Iterating over os.walk list of files for the current root dir.
for f in files:
# Defining relative path to files from current root dir.
f_path = os.path.join(root, f)
# Writing the file on the .zip file of the context
new_zip.write(f_path)
基本上,对于os.walk(路径)上的每一次迭代,我都会打开一个用于zipfile设置的上下文,然后对文件进行迭代,这是根目录中的文件列表,根据当前根目录形成每个文件的相对路径,并附加到正在运行的zipfile上下文。
输出如下所示:
$ python3 zip_cap_dirs.py
Compressing: ./cap_01
Compressing: ./cap_02
Compressing: ./cap_03
要查看每个.zip目录的内容,可以使用less命令:
$ less cap_01.zip
Archive: cap_01.zip
Length Method Size Cmpr Date Time CRC-32 Name
-------- ------ ------- ---- ---------- ----- -------- ----
22017 Defl:N 2471 89% 2019-09-05 08:05 7a3b5ec6 cap_01/0101000001.json
21998 Defl:N 2471 89% 2019-09-05 08:05 155bece7 cap_01/0101000002.json
23236 Defl:N 2573 89% 2019-09-05 08:05 55fced20 cap_01/0101000003.json
-------- ------- --- -------
67251 7515 89% 3 files