使用pathlib.Path的解决方案，它独立于所使用的操作系统：

import zipfile
from pathlib import Path

def zip_dir(path: Path, zip_file_path: Path):
    """Zip all contents of path to zip_file"""
    files_to_zip = [
        file for file in path.glob('*') if file.is_file()]
    with zipfile.ZipFile(
        zip_file_path, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zip_f:
        for file in files_to_zip:
            print(file.name)
            zip_f.write(file, file.name)

current_dir = Path.cwd()  
zip_dir = current_dir / "test"
tools.zip_dir(
    zip_dir, current_dir / 'Zipped_dir.zip')

如果您想要一个类似于任何通用图形文件管理器的压缩文件夹的功能，可以使用以下代码，它使用zipfile模块。使用这段代码，您将得到以路径为根文件夹的zip文件。

import os
import zipfile

def zipdir(path, ziph):
    # Iterate all the directories and files
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
        # Create a prefix variable with the folder structure inside the path folder. 
        # So if a file is at the path directory will be at the root directory of the zip file
        # so the prefix will be empty. If the file belongs to a containing folder of path folder 
        # then the prefix will be that folder.
        if root.replace(path,'') == '':
                prefix = ''
        else:
                # Keep the folder structure after the path folder, append a '/' at the end 
                # and remome the first character, if it is a '/' in order to have a path like 
                # folder1/folder2/file.txt
                prefix = root.replace(path, '') + '/'
                if (prefix[0] == '/'):
                        prefix = prefix[1:]
        for filename in files:
                actual_file_path = root + '/' + filename
                zipped_file_path = prefix + filename
                zipf.write( actual_file_path, zipped_file_path)


zipf = zipfile.ZipFile('Python.zip', 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
zipdir('/tmp/justtest/', zipf)
zipf.close()

我对Mark Byers给出的代码做了一些修改。如果您有空目录，下面的函数也会添加它们。示例应该更清楚添加到zip的路径是什么。

#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import zipfile

def addDirToZip(zipHandle, path, basePath=""):
    """
    Adding directory given by \a path to opened zip file \a zipHandle

    @param basePath path that will be removed from \a path when adding to archive

    Examples:
        # add whole "dir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir")
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir')
        zipHandle.close()

        # add contents of "dir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only it's contents)
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir', 'dir')
        zipHandle.close()

        # add contents of "dir/subdir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only contents of "subdir")
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir', 'dir/subdir')
        zipHandle.close()

        # add whole "dir/subdir" to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "subdir")
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir', 'dir')
        zipHandle.close()

        # add whole "dir/subdir" with full path to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir" and inside it only "subdir")
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir/subdir')
        zipHandle.close()

        # add whole "dir" and "otherDir" (with full path) to "test.zip" (when you open "test.zip" you will see only "dir" and "otherDir")
        zipHandle = zipfile.ZipFile('test.zip', 'w')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'dir')
        addDirToZip(zipHandle, 'otherDir')
        zipHandle.close()
    """
    basePath = basePath.rstrip("\\/") + ""
    basePath = basePath.rstrip("\\/")
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
        # add dir itself (needed for empty dirs
        zipHandle.write(os.path.join(root, "."))
        # add files
        for file in files:
            filePath = os.path.join(root, file)
            inZipPath = filePath.replace(basePath, "", 1).lstrip("\\/")
            #print filePath + " , " + inZipPath
            zipHandle.write(filePath, inZipPath)

以上是一个简单的函数，适用于简单的情况。你可以在我的Gist中找到更优雅的课程：https://gist.github.com/Eccenux/17526123107ca0ac28e6

如何在Python中创建目录结构的zip存档？

在Python脚本中

在Python 2.7+中，shutil有一个make_archive函数。

from shutil import make_archive
make_archive(
  'zipfile_name', 
  'zip',           # the archive format - or tar, bztar, gztar 
  root_dir=None,   # root for archive - current working dir if None
  base_dir=None)   # start archiving from here - cwd if None too

在这里，压缩的归档文件将命名为zipfile_name.zip。如果base_dir距离root_dir更远，它将排除不在base_dir中的文件，但仍将父目录中的文件归档到root_dir。

我在Cygwin上用2.7测试这个时确实遇到了问题——它需要一个root_dir参数，用于cwd：

make_archive('zipfile_name', 'zip', root_dir='.')

从shell使用Python

您也可以使用zipfile模块从shell中使用Python执行此操作：

$ python -m zipfile -c zipname sourcedir

其中zipname是所需目标文件的名称（如果需要，请添加.zip，它不会自动执行），sourcedir是目录的路径。

压缩Python（或者只是不需要父目录）：

如果您试图用__init__.py和__main__.py压缩一个python包，并且不需要父目录

$ python -m zipfile -c zipname sourcedir/*

And

$ python zipname

将运行程序包。（请注意，不能将子包作为压缩存档的入口点运行。）

压缩Python应用程序：

如果您有python3.5+，并且特别想压缩Python包，请使用ziapp:

$ python -m zipapp myapp
$ python myapp.pyz

# import required python modules
# You have to install zipfile package using pip install

import os,zipfile

# Change the directory where you want your new zip file to be

os.chdir('Type your destination')

# Create a new zipfile ( I called it myfile )

zf = zipfile.ZipFile('myfile.zip','w')

# os.walk gives a directory tree. Access the files using a for loop

for dirnames,folders,files in os.walk('Type your directory'):
    zf.write('Type your Directory')
    for file in files:
        zf.write(os.path.join('Type your directory',file))

最简单的方法是使用shutil.make_archive。它支持zip和tar格式。

import shutil
shutil.make_archive(output_filename, 'zip', dir_name)

如果您需要做一些比压缩整个目录更复杂的事情（例如跳过某些文件），那么您需要像其他人建议的那样深入到zipfile模块。