我有一些测试数据，想为每个项目创建一个单元测试。我的第一个想法是这样做的:
import unittest
l = [["foo", "a", "a",], ["bar", "a", "b"], ["lee", "b", "b"]]
class TestSequence(unittest.TestCase):
def testsample(self):
for name, a,b in l:
print "test", name
self.assertEqual(a,b)
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
这样做的缺点是它在一个测试中处理所有数据。我想在飞行中为每个项目生成一个测试。有什么建议吗?
当前回答
这个解决方案适用于Python 2和Python 3的unittest和nose:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import unittest
def make_function(description, a, b):
def ghost(self):
self.assertEqual(a, b, description)
print(description)
ghost.__name__ = 'test_{0}'.format(description)
return ghost
class TestsContainer(unittest.TestCase):
pass
testsmap = {
'foo': [1, 1],
'bar': [1, 2],
'baz': [5, 5]}
def generator():
for name, params in testsmap.iteritems():
test_func = make_function(name, params[0], params[1])
setattr(TestsContainer, 'test_{0}'.format(name), test_func)
generator()
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
其他回答
load_tests是2.7中引入的一种鲜为人知的机制，用于动态创建TestSuite。有了它，您可以轻松地创建参数化测试。
例如:
import unittest
class GeneralTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
def __init__(self, methodName, param1=None, param2=None):
super(GeneralTestCase, self).__init__(methodName)
self.param1 = param1
self.param2 = param2
def runTest(self):
pass # Test that depends on param 1 and 2.
def load_tests(loader, tests, pattern):
test_cases = unittest.TestSuite()
for p1, p2 in [(1, 2), (3, 4)]:
test_cases.addTest(GeneralTestCase('runTest', p1, p2))
return test_cases
该代码将运行load_tests返回的测试套件中的所有测试用例。发现机制不会自动运行其他测试。
或者，您也可以使用此票据所示的继承:http://bugs.python.org/msg151444
基于元类的答案在Python 3中仍然有效，但必须使用元类参数，而不是__metaclass__属性，例如:
class ExampleTestCase(TestCase,metaclass=DocTestMeta):
pass
我发现这很适合我的目的，特别是当我需要生成在数据集合上执行稍微不同的过程的测试时。
import unittest
def rename(newName):
def renamingFunc(func):
func.__name__ == newName
return func
return renamingFunc
class TestGenerator(unittest.TestCase):
TEST_DATA = {}
@classmethod
def generateTests(cls):
for dataName, dataValue in TestGenerator.TEST_DATA:
for func in cls.getTests(dataName, dataValue):
setattr(cls, "test_{:s}_{:s}".format(func.__name__, dataName), func)
@classmethod
def getTests(cls):
raise(NotImplementedError("This must be implemented"))
class TestCluster(TestGenerator):
TEST_CASES = []
@staticmethod
def getTests(dataName, dataValue):
def makeTest(case):
@rename("{:s}".format(case["name"]))
def test(self):
# Do things with self, case, data
pass
return test
return [makeTest(c) for c in TestCluster.TEST_CASES]
TestCluster.generateTests()
TestGenerator类可以用来生成不同的测试用例集，比如TestCluster。
TestCluster可以被认为是TestGenerator接口的实现。
我在一种非常特殊的参数化测试风格上遇到了麻烦。我们所有的Selenium测试都可以在本地运行，但它们也应该能够在SauceLabs上的多个平台上远程运行。基本上，我想要使用大量已经编写好的测试用例，并用尽可能少的代码更改参数化它们。此外，我需要能够将参数传递到setUp方法中，这是我在其他地方没有看到的任何解决方案。
以下是我想到的:
import inspect
import types
test_platforms = [
{'browserName': "internet explorer", 'platform': "Windows 7", 'version': "10.0"},
{'browserName': "internet explorer", 'platform': "Windows 7", 'version': "11.0"},
{'browserName': "firefox", 'platform': "Linux", 'version': "43.0"},
]
def sauce_labs():
def wrapper(cls):
return test_on_platforms(cls)
return wrapper
def test_on_platforms(base_class):
for name, function in inspect.getmembers(base_class, inspect.isfunction):
if name.startswith('test_'):
for platform in test_platforms:
new_name = '_'.join(list([name, ''.join(platform['browserName'].title().split()), platform['version']]))
new_function = types.FunctionType(function.__code__, function.__globals__, new_name,
function.__defaults__, function.__closure__)
setattr(new_function, 'platform', platform)
setattr(base_class, new_name, new_function)
delattr(base_class, name)
return base_class
With this, all I had to do was add a simple decorator @sauce_labs() to each regular old TestCase, and now when running them, they're wrapped up and rewritten, so that all the test methods are parameterized and renamed. LoginTests.test_login(self) runs as LoginTests.test_login_internet_explorer_10.0(self), LoginTests.test_login_internet_explorer_11.0(self), and LoginTests.test_login_firefox_43.0(self), and each one has the parameter self.platform to decide what browser/platform to run against, even in LoginTests.setUp, which is crucial for my task since that's where the connection to SauceLabs is initialized.
无论如何，我希望这对那些希望对他们的测试进行类似的“全局”参数化的人有所帮助!
以下是我的解决方案。我发现这个方法很有用:
Should work for unittest.Testcase and unittest discover Have a set of tests to be run for different parameter settings. Very simple and no dependency on other packages import unittest class BaseClass(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): self.param = 2 self.base = 2 def test_me(self): self.assertGreaterEqual(5, self.param+self.base) def test_me_too(self): self.assertLessEqual(3, self.param+self.base) class Child_One(BaseClass): def setUp(self): BaseClass.setUp(self) self.param = 4 class Child_Two(BaseClass): def setUp(self): BaseClass.setUp(self) self.param = 1
