从技术上讲，C标准只保证sizeof(char) == 1，其余的取决于实现。但在现代x86架构(例如Intel/AMD芯片)上，这是相当可预测的。

You've probably heard processors described as being 16-bit, 32-bit, 64-bit, etc. This usually means that the processor uses N-bits for integers. Since pointers store memory addresses, and memory addresses are integers, this effectively tells you how many bits are going to be used for pointers. sizeof is usually measured in bytes, so code compiled for 32-bit processors will report the size of pointers to be 4 (32 bits / 8 bits per byte), and code for 64-bit processors will report the size of pointers to be 8 (64 bits / 8 bits per byte). This is where the limitation of 4GB of RAM for 32-bit processors comes from -- if each memory address corresponds to a byte, to address more memory you need integers larger than 32-bits.

据我所知，这是基于内存地址的大小。所以在一个32位地址方案的系统上，sizeof将返回4，因为那是4个字节。

即使是在普通的x86 32位平台上，你也可以得到不同大小的指针，试试这个例子:

struct A {};

struct B : virtual public A {};

struct C {};

struct D : public A, public C {};

int main()
{
    cout << "A:" << sizeof(void (A::*)()) << endl;
    cout << "B:" << sizeof(void (B::*)()) << endl;
    cout << "D:" << sizeof(void (D::*)()) << endl;
}

在Visual c++ 2008中，指向成员函数的指针的大小分别为4、12和8。

Raymond Chen在这里讲过。

只是已经发布的列表中的另一个例外。在32位平台上，指针可以占用6字节，而不是4字节:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main() {
    char far* ptr; // note that this is a far pointer
    printf( "%d\n", sizeof( ptr));
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

如果你用Open Watcom编译这个程序并运行它，你会得到6，因为它支持的远指针由32位偏移量和16位段值组成

从技术上讲，C标准只保证sizeof(char) == 1，其余的取决于实现。但在现代x86架构(例如Intel/AMD芯片)上，这是相当可预测的。

You've probably heard processors described as being 16-bit, 32-bit, 64-bit, etc. This usually means that the processor uses N-bits for integers. Since pointers store memory addresses, and memory addresses are integers, this effectively tells you how many bits are going to be used for pointers. sizeof is usually measured in bytes, so code compiled for 32-bit processors will report the size of pointers to be 4 (32 bits / 8 bits per byte), and code for 64-bit processors will report the size of pointers to be 8 (64 bits / 8 bits per byte). This is where the limitation of 4GB of RAM for 32-bit processors comes from -- if each memory address corresponds to a byte, to address more memory you need integers larger than 32-bits.

除了人们所说的64位(或其他)系统，还有其他类型的指针，而不是指向对象的指针。

指向成员的指针几乎可以是任何大小，这取决于编译器如何实现它们:它们甚至不一定都是相同的大小。尝试一个POD类的指向成员的指针，然后尝试一个继承自具有多个基类的基类之一的指向成员的指针。什么乐趣。