我建议使用beta分布来生成一个0-1之间的数字，然后将其放大。它非常灵活，可以创建许多不同形状的发行版。

这里有一个快速而粗略的样本:

rbeta = function(alpha, beta) {
 var a = 0   
 for(var i = 0; i < alpha; i++)   
    a -= Math.log(Math.random())

 var b = 0   
 for(var i = 0; i < beta; i++)   
    b -= Math.log(Math.random())

  return Math.ceil(100 * a / (a+b))
}

这是3/4的加权解，40-60和1/4在这个范围之外。

function weighted() { var w = 4; // number 1 to w var r = Math.floor(Math.random() * w) + 1; if (r === 1) { // 1/w goes to outside 40-60 var n = Math.floor(Math.random() * 80) + 1; if (n >= 40 && n <= 60) n += 40; return n } // w-1/w goes to 40-60 range. return Math.floor(Math.random() * 21) + 40; } function test() { var counts = []; for (var i = 0; i < 2000; i++) { var n = weighted(); if (!counts[n]) counts[n] = 0; counts[n] ++; } var output = document.getElementById('output'); var o = ""; for (var i = 1; i <= 100; i++) { o += i + " - " + (counts[i] | 0) + "\n"; } output.innerHTML = o; } test(); <pre id="output"></pre>

您可以编写一个函数，根据权重将[0,1)到[1,100]之间的随机值映射。想想这个例子:

这里，值0.95映射到[61,100]之间的值。 事实上，我们有。05 / .1 = 0.5，当映射到[61,100]时，结果是81。

函数如下:

/* * Function that returns a function that maps random number to value according to map of probability */ function createDistributionFunction(data) { // cache data + some pre-calculations var cache = []; var i; for (i = 0; i < data.length; i++) { cache[i] = {}; cache[i].valueMin = data[i].values[0]; cache[i].valueMax = data[i].values[1]; cache[i].rangeMin = i === 0 ? 0 : cache[i - 1].rangeMax; cache[i].rangeMax = cache[i].rangeMin + data[i].weight; } return function(random) { var value; for (i = 0; i < cache.length; i++) { // this maps random number to the bracket and the value inside that bracket if (cache[i].rangeMin <= random && random < cache[i].rangeMax) { value = (random - cache[i].rangeMin) / (cache[i].rangeMax - cache[i].rangeMin); value *= cache[i].valueMax - cache[i].valueMin + 1; value += cache[i].valueMin; return Math.floor(value); } } }; } /* * Example usage */ var distributionFunction = createDistributionFunction([ { weight: 0.1, values: [1, 40] }, { weight: 0.8, values: [41, 60] }, { weight: 0.1, values: [61, 100] } ]); /* * Test the example and draw results using Google charts API */ function testAndDrawResult() { var counts = []; var i; var value; // run the function in a loop and count the number of occurrences of each value for (i = 0; i < 10000; i++) { value = distributionFunction(Math.random()); counts[value] = (counts[value] || 0) + 1; } // convert results to datatable and display var data = new google.visualization.DataTable(); data.addColumn("number", "Value"); data.addColumn("number", "Count"); for (value = 0; value < counts.length; value++) { if (counts[value] !== undefined) { data.addRow([value, counts[value]]); } } var chart = new google.visualization.ColumnChart(document.getElementById("chart")); chart.draw(data); } google.load("visualization", "1", { packages: ["corechart"] }); google.setOnLoadCallback(testAndDrawResult); <script src="https://www.google.com/jsapi"></script> <div id="chart"></div>

分布

 5% for [ 0,39]
90% for [40,59]
 5% for [60,99]

解决方案

var f = Math.random();
if (f < 0.05) return random(0,39);
else if (f < 0.95) return random(40,59);
else return random(60,99);

通用解决方案

random_choose([series(0,39),series(40,59),series(60,99)],[0.05,0.90,0.05]);

function random_choose (collections,probabilities)
{
    var acc = 0.00;
    var r1 = Math.random();
    var r2 = Math.random();

    for (var i = 0; i < probabilities.length; i++)
    {
      acc += probabilities[i];
      if (r1 < acc)
        return collections[i][Math.floor(r2*collections[i].length)];
    }

    return (-1);
}

function series(min,max)
{
    var i = min; var s = [];
    while (s[s.length-1] < max) s[s.length]=i++;
    return s;
}

我建议使用beta分布来生成一个0-1之间的数字，然后将其放大。它非常灵活，可以创建许多不同形状的发行版。

这里有一个快速而粗略的样本:

rbeta = function(alpha, beta) {
 var a = 0   
 for(var i = 0; i < alpha; i++)   
    a -= Math.log(Math.random())

 var b = 0   
 for(var i = 0; i < beta; i++)   
    b -= Math.log(Math.random())

  return Math.ceil(100 * a / (a+b))
}

我可能会做一些事情，比如设置一个“机会”，让数字被允许“出界”。在这个例子中，数字为1-100的概率为20%，否则为40-60:

$(function () { $('button').click(function () { var outOfBoundsChance = .2; var num = 0; if (Math.random() <= outOfBoundsChance) { num = getRandomInt(1, 100); } else { num = getRandomInt(40, 60); } $('#out').text(num); }); function getRandomInt(min, max) { return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1)) + min; } }); <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <button>Generate</button> <div id="out"></div>

小提琴:http://jsfiddle.net/kbv39s9w/