比较两个双精度浮点数或两个浮点数最有效的方法是什么?
简单地这样做是不正确的:
bool CompareDoubles1 (double A, double B)
{
return A == B;
}
比如:
bool CompareDoubles2 (double A, double B)
{
diff = A - B;
return (diff < EPSILON) && (-diff < EPSILON);
}
似乎是浪费加工。
有人知道更聪明的浮点比较器吗?
当前回答
在c++中获取的可移植方法是
#include <limits>
std::numeric_limits<double>::epsilon()
然后比较函数变成
#include <cmath>
#include <limits>
bool AreSame(double a, double b) {
return std::fabs(a - b) < std::numeric_limits<double>::epsilon();
}
其他回答
这是另一个解:
#include <cmath>
#include <limits>
auto Compare = [](float a, float b, float epsilon = std::numeric_limits<float>::epsilon()){ return (std::fabs(a - b) <= epsilon); };
在c++中获取的可移植方法是
#include <limits>
std::numeric_limits<double>::epsilon()
然后比较函数变成
#include <cmath>
#include <limits>
bool AreSame(double a, double b) {
return std::fabs(a - b) < std::numeric_limits<double>::epsilon();
}
与epsilon值进行比较是大多数人所做的(甚至是在游戏编程中)。
你应该稍微改变你的实现:
bool AreSame(double a, double b)
{
return fabs(a - b) < EPSILON;
}
编辑:克里斯特在最近的一篇博客文章中添加了一堆关于这个主题的很棒的信息。享受。
Why not perform bitwise XOR? Two floating point numbers are equal if their corresponding bits are equal. I think, the decision to place the exponent bits before mantissa was made to speed up comparison of two floats. I think, many answers here are missing the point of epsilon comparison. Epsilon value only depends on to what precision floating point numbers are compared. For example, after doing some arithmetic with floats you get two numbers: 2.5642943554342 and 2.5642943554345. They are not equal, but for the solution only 3 decimal digits matter so then they are equal: 2.564 and 2.564. In this case you choose epsilon equal to 0.001. Epsilon comparison is also possible with bitwise XOR. Correct me if I am wrong.
在数值软件中，确实有这样的情况，你需要检查两个浮点数是否完全相等。我就一个类似的问题发表了这篇文章
https://stackoverflow.com/a/10973098/1447411
所以你不能说“CompareDoubles1”是错误的。
