私有成员只能从类内部访问，受保护成员可以在类和派生类中访问。这是面向对象语言中继承的一个特性。

在c++中可以有私有、受保护和公共继承，这将决定哪些派生类可以在继承层次结构中访问。例如，c#只有公共继承。

与私有属性和方法不同，标记为受保护的属性和方法在子类中仍然可见。

除非您不想在可能的子类中使用或提供重写该方法的可能性，否则我会将它们设为private。

这完全取决于您想要做什么，以及您希望派生类能够看到什么。

class A
{
private:
    int _privInt = 0;
    int privFunc(){return 0;}
    virtual int privVirtFunc(){return 0;}
protected:
    int _protInt = 0;
    int protFunc(){return 0;}
public:
    int _publInt = 0;
    int publFunc()
    {
         return privVirtFunc();
    }
};

class B : public A
{
private:
    virtual int privVirtFunc(){return 1;}
public:
    void func()
    {
        _privInt = 1; // wont work
        _protInt = 1; // will work
        _publInt = 1; // will work
        privFunc(); // wont work
        privVirtFunc(); // will work, simply calls the derived version.
        protFunc(); // will work
        publFunc(); // will return 1 since it's overridden in this class
    }
}

Private: It is an access specifier. By default the instance (member) variables or the methods of a class in c++/java are private. During inheritance, the code and the data are always inherited but is not accessible outside the class. We can declare our data members as private so that no one can make direct changes to our member variables and we can provide public getters and setters in order to change our private members. And this concept is always applied in the business rule. Protected: It is also an access specifier. In C++, the protected members are accessible within the class and to the inherited class but not outside the class. In Java, the protected members are accessible within the class, to the inherited class as well as to all the classes within the same package.

Private =只能由母类(基类)访问 (只有我父母才能进我父母的卧室)

Protected =母类(基类)和她的子类可以访问 (只有父母可以进父母的卧室，但允许儿子/女儿进父母的卧室)

Public =母类(基类)、子类和其他所有人都可以访问 (只有我父母才能进我父母的卧室，但那是家庭聚会——我的家是我的家)

c++类中的私有成员和受保护成员有什么区别?

其他的回答说:

公共-所有人都可以访问。 Protected -派生类(和友类)可以访问。 私人限制。

有什么区别，我应该用哪个?

c++的核心准则给出了数据应该始终是私有的建议。我认为这是一个很好的建议，因为当你的派生类可以访问受保护的数据时，它会导致“数据面条”。保护函数更有意义，但这取决于用例。

对于函数，你有一个选择。对于数据，应该将其设置为私有，并在需要时提供受保护的访问函数。这样可以更好地控制类数据。