这完全取决于您想要做什么，以及您希望派生类能够看到什么。

class A
{
private:
    int _privInt = 0;
    int privFunc(){return 0;}
    virtual int privVirtFunc(){return 0;}
protected:
    int _protInt = 0;
    int protFunc(){return 0;}
public:
    int _publInt = 0;
    int publFunc()
    {
         return privVirtFunc();
    }
};

class B : public A
{
private:
    virtual int privVirtFunc(){return 1;}
public:
    void func()
    {
        _privInt = 1; // wont work
        _protInt = 1; // will work
        _publInt = 1; // will work
        privFunc(); // wont work
        privVirtFunc(); // will work, simply calls the derived version.
        protFunc(); // will work
        publFunc(); // will return 1 since it's overridden in this class
    }
}

MFC偏爱protected的原因是因为它是一个框架。您可能想要子类化MFC类，在这种情况下，需要一个受保护的接口来访问类的一般用途不可见的方法。

Private: It is an access specifier. By default the instance (member) variables or the methods of a class in c++/java are private. During inheritance, the code and the data are always inherited but is not accessible outside the class. We can declare our data members as private so that no one can make direct changes to our member variables and we can provide public getters and setters in order to change our private members. And this concept is always applied in the business rule. Protected: It is also an access specifier. In C++, the protected members are accessible within the class and to the inherited class but not outside the class. In Java, the protected members are accessible within the class, to the inherited class as well as to all the classes within the same package.

受保护的非静态基类成员可以被派生自该基类的任何类的成员和友元访问，方法是使用以下方法之一:

指向直接或间接派生类的指针 对直接或间接派生类的引用 直接或间接派生类的对象

受保护的成员只能由类的后代和同一模块中的代码访问。私有成员只能被声明它们的类以及同一模块中的代码访问。

当然，朋友函数把这个扔出窗外，但是。

私有成员只能从类内部访问，受保护成员可以在类和派生类中访问。这是面向对象语言中继承的一个特性。

在c++中可以有私有、受保护和公共继承，这将决定哪些派生类可以在继承层次结构中访问。例如，c#只有公共继承。