短快C实现

#include <stdio.h>

void main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  const int n = 6; /* The size of the set; for {1, 2, 3, 4} it's 4 */
  const int p = 4; /* The size of the subsets; for {1, 2}, {1, 3}, ... it's 2 */
  int comb[40] = {0}; /* comb[i] is the index of the i-th element in the combination */

  int i = 0;
  for (int j = 0; j <= n; j++) comb[j] = 0;
  while (i >= 0) {
    if (comb[i] < n + i - p + 1) {
       comb[i]++;
       if (i == p - 1) { for (int j = 0; j < p; j++) printf("%d ", comb[j]); printf("\n"); }
       else            { comb[++i] = comb[i - 1]; }
    } else i--; }
}

要查看它有多快，请使用这段代码并测试它

#include <time.h>
#include <stdio.h>

void main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  const int n = 32; /* The size of the set; for {1, 2, 3, 4} it's 4 */
  const int p = 16; /* The size of the subsets; for {1, 2}, {1, 3}, ... it's 2 */
  int comb[40] = {0}; /* comb[i] is the index of the i-th element in the combination */

  int c = 0; int i = 0;
  for (int j = 0; j <= n; j++) comb[j] = 0;
  while (i >= 0) {
    if (comb[i] < n + i - p + 1) {
       comb[i]++;
       /* if (i == p - 1) { for (int j = 0; j < p; j++) printf("%d ", comb[j]); printf("\n"); } */
       if (i == p - 1) c++;
       else            { comb[++i] = comb[i - 1]; }
    } else i--; }
  printf("%d!%d == %d combination(s) in %15.3f second(s)\n ", p, n, c, clock()/1000.0);
}

使用cmd.exe (windows)测试:

Microsoft Windows XP [Version 5.1.2600]
(C) Copyright 1985-2001 Microsoft Corp.

c:\Program Files\lcc\projects>combination
16!32 == 601080390 combination(s) in          5.781 second(s)

c:\Program Files\lcc\projects>

祝你有愉快的一天。

这是一个c++解决方案，我提出使用递归和位移位。它也可以在C语言中工作。

void r_nCr(unsigned int startNum, unsigned int bitVal, unsigned int testNum) // Should be called with arguments (2^r)-1, 2^(r-1), 2^(n-1)
{
    unsigned int n = (startNum - bitVal) << 1;
    n += bitVal ? 1 : 0;

    for (unsigned int i = log2(testNum) + 1; i > 0; i--) // Prints combination as a series of 1s and 0s
        cout << (n >> (i - 1) & 1);
    cout << endl;

    if (!(n & testNum) && n != startNum)
        r_nCr(n, bitVal, testNum);

    if (bitVal && bitVal < testNum)
        r_nCr(startNum, bitVal >> 1, testNum);
}

你可以在这里找到这是如何工作的解释。

static IEnumerable<string> Combinations(List<string> characters, int length)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < characters.Count; i++)
    {
        // only want 1 character, just return this one
        if (length == 1)
            yield return characters[i];

        // want more than one character, return this one plus all combinations one shorter
        // only use characters after the current one for the rest of the combinations
        else
            foreach (string next in Combinations(characters.GetRange(i + 1, characters.Count - (i + 1)), length - 1))
                yield return characters[i] + next;
    }
}

在VB。Net，该算法从一组数字(PoolArray)中收集n个数字的所有组合。例如，从“8,10,20,33,41,44,47”中选择5个选项的所有组合。

Sub CreateAllCombinationsOfPicksFromPool(ByVal PicksArray() As UInteger, ByVal PicksIndex As UInteger, ByVal PoolArray() As UInteger, ByVal PoolIndex As UInteger)
    If PicksIndex < PicksArray.Length Then
        For i As Integer = PoolIndex To PoolArray.Length - PicksArray.Length + PicksIndex
            PicksArray(PicksIndex) = PoolArray(i)
            CreateAllCombinationsOfPicksFromPool(PicksArray, PicksIndex + 1, PoolArray, i + 1)
        Next
    Else
        ' completed combination. build your collections using PicksArray.
    End If
End Sub

        Dim PoolArray() As UInteger = Array.ConvertAll("8,10,20,33,41,44,47".Split(","), Function(u) UInteger.Parse(u))
        Dim nPicks as UInteger = 5
        Dim Picks(nPicks - 1) As UInteger
        CreateAllCombinationsOfPicksFromPool(Picks, 0, PoolArray, 0)

我已经编写了一个类来处理处理二项式系数的常见函数，这是您的问题属于的问题类型。它执行以下任务:

Outputs all the K-indexes in a nice format for any N choose K to a file. The K-indexes can be substituted with more descriptive strings or letters. This method makes solving this type of problem quite trivial. Converts the K-indexes to the proper index of an entry in the sorted binomial coefficient table. This technique is much faster than older published techniques that rely on iteration. It does this by using a mathematical property inherent in Pascal's Triangle. My paper talks about this. I believe I am the first to discover and publish this technique, but I could be wrong. Converts the index in a sorted binomial coefficient table to the corresponding K-indexes. Uses Mark Dominus method to calculate the binomial coefficient, which is much less likely to overflow and works with larger numbers. The class is written in .NET C# and provides a way to manage the objects related to the problem (if any) by using a generic list. The constructor of this class takes a bool value called InitTable that when true will create a generic list to hold the objects to be managed. If this value is false, then it will not create the table. The table does not need to be created in order to perform the 4 above methods. Accessor methods are provided to access the table. There is an associated test class which shows how to use the class and its methods. It has been extensively tested with 2 cases and there are no known bugs.

要了解这个类并下载代码，请参见将二项式系数表化。

将这个类转换为c++应该不难。

Here's some simple code that prints all the C(n,m) combinations. It works by initializing and moving a set of array indices that point to next valid combination. The indices are initialized to point to the lowest m indices (lexicographically the smallest combination). Then on, starting with the m-th index, we try to move the indices forward. if an index has reached its limit, we try the previous index (all the way down to index 1). If we can move an index forward, then we reset all greater indices.

m=(rand()%n)+1; // m will vary from 1 to n

for (i=0;i<n;i++) a[i]=i+1;

// we want to print all possible C(n,m) combinations of selecting m objects out of n
printf("Printing C(%d,%d) possible combinations ...\n", n,m);

// This is an adhoc algo that keeps m pointers to the next valid combination
for (i=0;i<m;i++) p[i]=i; // the p[.] contain indices to the a vector whose elements constitute next combination

done=false;
while (!done)
{
    // print combination
    for (i=0;i<m;i++) printf("%2d ", a[p[i]]);
    printf("\n");

    // update combination
    // method: start with p[m-1]. try to increment it. if it is already at the end, then try moving p[m-2] ahead.
    // if this is possible, then reset p[m-1] to 1 more than (the new) p[m-2].
    // if p[m-2] can not also be moved, then try p[m-3]. move that ahead. then reset p[m-2] and p[m-1].
    // repeat all the way down to p[0]. if p[0] can not also be moved, then we have generated all combinations.
    j=m-1;
    i=1;
    move_found=false;
    while ((j>=0) && !move_found)
    {
        if (p[j]<(n-i)) 
        {
            move_found=true;
            p[j]++; // point p[j] to next index
            for (k=j+1;k<m;k++)
            {
                p[k]=p[j]+(k-j);
            }
        }
        else
        {
            j--;
            i++;
        }
    }
    if (!move_found) done=true;
}