我有以下几点:
let mut my_number = 32.90;
如何打印my_number的类型?
使用type和type_of不起作用。有其他方法可以打印数字的类型吗?
我有以下几点:
let mut my_number = 32.90;
如何打印my_number的类型?
使用type和type_of不起作用。有其他方法可以打印数字的类型吗?
当前回答
1.38版新增std::any::type_name
use std::any::type_name;
fn type_of<T>(_: T) -> &'static str {
type_name::<T>()
}
fn main() {
let x = 21;
let y = 2.5;
println!("{}", type_of(&y));
println!("{}", type_of(x));
}
其他回答
如果你只是想找出一个变量的类型,并愿意在编译时执行,你可能会导致一个错误,并让编译器拾取它。
例如,将变量设置为一个无效的类型:
let mut my_number: () = 32.90;
// let () = x; would work too
error[E0308]: mismatched types
--> src/main.rs:2:29
|
2 | let mut my_number: () = 32.90;
| ^^^^^ expected (), found floating-point number
|
= note: expected type `()`
found type `{float}`
或者调用无效的方法:
let mut my_number = 32.90;
my_number.what_is_this();
error[E0599]: no method named `what_is_this` found for type `{float}` in the current scope
--> src/main.rs:3:15
|
3 | my_number.what_is_this();
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^
或访问无效字段:
let mut my_number = 32.90;
my_number.what_is_this
error[E0610]: `{float}` is a primitive type and therefore doesn't have fields
--> src/main.rs:3:15
|
3 | my_number.what_is_this
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^
These reveal the type, which in this case is actually not fully resolved. It’s called “floating-point variable” in the first example, and “{float}” in all three examples; this is a partially resolved type which could end up f32 or f64, depending on how you use it. “{float}” is not a legal type name, it’s a placeholder meaning “I’m not completely sure what this is”, but it is a floating-point number. In the case of floating-point variables, if you don't constrain it, it will default to f64¹. (An unqualified integer literal will default to i32.)
参见:
编译器错误消息中的{integer}或{float}是什么?
¹可能仍然有一些让编译器困惑的方法,使它无法在f32和f64之间做出决定;我不确定。它曾经像32.90.eq(&32.90)一样简单,但现在两者都被视为f64,并且可以愉快地进行,所以我不知道。
我非常喜欢@Coautose之前的回答,但如果有人只想要没有名称空间的类型名称,例如C而不是a::b::C,这里是一个修改后的宏版本,看起来像预期的那样工作:
macro_rules! ty {
($type:ty) => {{
let result = std::any::type_name::<$type>();
match result.rsplit_once(':') {
Some((_, s)) => s,
None => result,
}
}};
}
用法:
debug!("Testing type name: {}", ty!(A));
UPD以下不再工作。检查Shubham的答案以作更正。
检查std::intrinsic::get_tydesc<T>()。它现在处于“实验”状态,但如果您只是对类型系统进行了修改,那么它是OK的。
请看下面的例子:
fn print_type_of<T>(_: &T) -> () {
let type_name =
unsafe {
(*std::intrinsics::get_tydesc::<T>()).name
};
println!("{}", type_name);
}
fn main() -> () {
let mut my_number = 32.90;
print_type_of(&my_number); // prints "f64"
print_type_of(&(vec!(1, 2, 4))); // prints "collections::vec::Vec<int>"
}
这是在内部用来实现著名的{:?}格式化程序。
这是@Boiethios回答的简化版。我已经从原始解决方案中删除了一些“&”符号。
fn print_type_of<T>(_: T) {
println!("{}", std::any::type_name::<T>())
}
fn main() {
let s = "Hello";
let i = 42;
print_type_of(s); // &str
print_type_of(i); // i32
print_type_of(main); // playground::main
print_type_of(print_type_of::<i32>); // playground::print_type_of<i32>
print_type_of(|| "Hi!" ); // playground::main::{{closure}}
}
Rust游乐场的景观
短篇小说;
fn tyof<T>(_: &T) -> String {
std::any::type_name::<T>().into()
}
很长的故事;
trait Type {
fn type_of(&self) -> String;
}
macro_rules! Type {
($($ty:ty),*) => {
$(
impl Type for $ty {
fn type_of(&self) -> String {
stringify!($ty).into()
}
}
)*
}
}
#[rustfmt::skip]
Type!(
u8, i8, u16, i16, u32, i32, i64, u64, i128, String, [()], (), Vec<()>, &u8, &i8, &u16, &i16, &u32, &i32, &i64, &u64, &i128, &str, &[()], &Vec<()>, &()
// add any struct, enum or type you want
);
macro_rules! tyof {
($var: expr) => {{
$var.type_of()
}};
}
fn main() {
let x = "Hello world!";
println!("{}", tyof!(x));
// or
println!("{}", x.type_of());
let x = 5;
println!("{}", tyof!(x));
// or
println!("{}", x.type_of());
}