I'm not sure how much of a "real world" example this is, but I currently have an application out there that stores details for a trading card game, including the images for the cards. Granted the record count for the database is only 2851 records to date, but given the fact that certain cards have are released multiple times and have alternate artwork, it was actually more efficient sizewise to scan the "primary square" of the artwork and then dynamically generate the border and miscellaneous effects for the card when requested.

这个图像库的最初创建者创建了一个数据访问类，它根据请求呈现图像，并且对于查看和单独的卡片来说，它的速度非常快。

This also eases deployment/updates when new cards are released, instead of zipping up an entire folder of images and sending those down the pipe and ensuring the proper folder structure is created, I simply update the database and have the user download it again. This currently sizes up to 56MB, which isn't great, but I'm working on an incremental update feature for future releases. In addition, there is a "no images" version of the application that allows those over dial-up to get the application without the download delay.

到目前为止，这个解决方案工作得很好，因为应用程序本身被定位为桌面上的单个实例。有一个网站将所有这些数据存档，以供在线访问，但我绝不会使用相同的解决方案。我同意文件访问更可取，因为它可以更好地适应图像请求的频率和数量。

希望这不是太多的废话，但我看到了这个主题，并想从一个相对成功的中小型应用程序中提供一些我的见解。

不，因为页面分割。实际上，您定义的行可以是1KB - n MB，因此数据库的页面中会有大量空白，这对性能不利。

如果你需要在文件系统中存储大量的图像，需要考虑以下几点:

备份和恢复。你如何保持图像同步。 文件系统的性能。这取决于您正在做的事情和文件系统，但您可能希望实现一个散列机制，这样您就不会有一个包含数十亿个文件的目录。 复制。您是否需要在多个服务器之间保持文件同步?

文件存储。Facebook的工程师们对此进行了热烈的讨论。一个收获是了解目录中文件的实际限制。

大海捞针:高效存储数十亿张照片

我负责一些管理许多TB图像的应用程序。我们发现在数据库中存储文件路径是最好的。

这里有几个问题:

database storage is usually more expensive than file system storage you can super-accelerate file system access with standard off the shelf products for example, many web servers use the operating system's sendfile() system call to asynchronously send a file directly from the file system to the network interface. Images stored in a database don't benefit from this optimization. things like web servers, etc, need no special coding or processing to access images in the file system databases win out where transactional integrity between the image and metadata are important. it is more complex to manage integrity between db metadata and file system data it is difficult (within the context of a web application) to guarantee data has been flushed to disk on the filesystem

我几乎从不把它们存储在数据库中。最好的方法通常是将映像存储在一个由中央配置变量控制的路径中，并根据DB表和主键(如果可能的话)命名映像。这给了你以下优势:

通过更新全局配置，将映像移动到另一个分区或服务器。 通过搜索图像的主键来查找与图像匹配的记录。 您的图像可以访问处理工具，如imagemagick。 在web应用程序中，您的图像可以由web服务器直接处理(节省处理)。 CMS工具和Coldfusion等网络语言可以处理本地上传。