使用bash(版本4+)的一种方法:

foo=bar
echo "${foo^}"

打印:

Bar

foo="$(tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]' <<< ${foo:0:1})${foo:1}"

$ foo="bar";
$ foo=`echo ${foo:0:1} | tr  '[a-z]' '[A-Z]'`${foo:1}
$ echo $foo
Bar

使用sed的一种方法:

echo "$(echo "$foo" | sed 's/.*/\u&/')"

打印:

Bar

它也可以在纯bash中使用bash-3.2完成:

# First, get the first character.
fl=${foo:0:1}

# Safety check: it must be a letter :).
if [[ ${fl} == [a-z] ]]; then
    # Now, obtain its octal value using printf (builtin).
    ord=$(printf '%o' "'${fl}")

    # Fun fact: [a-z] maps onto 0141..0172. [A-Z] is 0101..0132.
    # We can use decimal '- 40' to get the expected result!
    ord=$(( ord - 40 ))

    # Finally, map the new value back to a character.
    fl=$(printf '%b' '\'${ord})
fi

echo "${fl}${foo:1}"

first-letter-to-lower () {
        str="" 
        space=" " 
        for i in $@
        do
                if [ -z $(echo $i | grep "the\|of\|with" ) ]
                then
                        str=$str"$(echo ${i:0:1} | tr  '[A-Z]' '[a-z]')${i:1}$space" 
                else
                        str=$str${i}$space 
                fi
        done
        echo $str
}
first-letter-to-upper-xc () {
        v-first-letter-to-upper | xclip -selection clipboard
}
first-letter-to-upper () {
        str="" 
        space=" " 
        for i in $@
        do
                if [ -z $(echo $i | grep "the\|of\|with" ) ]
                then
                        str=$str"$(echo ${i:0:1} | tr  '[a-z]' '[A-Z]')${i:1}$space" 
                else
                        str=$str${i}$space 
                fi
        done
        echo $str
}

first-letter-to-lower-xc () { v首字母到下| xclip -选择剪贴板 ｝

下面是“原生”文本工具的使用方法:

#!/bin/bash

string="abcd"
first=`echo $string|cut -c1|tr [a-z] [A-Z]`
second=`echo $string|cut -c2-`
echo $first$second

这个对我很有用:

搜索当前目录下的所有*php文件，并将每个文件名的第一个字符替换为大写字母:

例如:test.php => test.php

for f in *php ; do mv "$f" "$(\sed 's/.*/\u&/' <<< "$f")" ; done

如果第一个字符不是字母(而是制表符、空格和转义双引号)怎么办?我们最好测试它，直到我们找到一个字母!所以:

S='  \"ó foo bar\"'
N=0
until [[ ${S:$N:1} =~ [[:alpha:]] ]]; do N=$[$N+1]; done
#F=`echo ${S:$N:1} | tr [:lower:] [:upper:]`
#F=`echo ${S:$N:1} | sed -E -e 's/./\u&/'` #other option
F=`echo ${S:$N:1}
F=`echo ${F} #pure Bash solution to "upper"
echo "$F"${S:(($N+1))} #without garbage
echo '='${S:0:(($N))}"$F"${S:(($N+1))}'=' #garbage preserved

Foo bar
= \"Foo bar=

仅使用awk

foo="uNcapItalizedstrIng"
echo $foo | awk '{print toupper(substr($0,0,1))tolower(substr($0,2))}'

只大写第一个单词:

foo='one two three'
foo="${foo^}"
echo $foo

一二三

将变量中的每个单词大写:

foo="one two three"
foo=( $foo ) # without quotes
foo="${foo[@]^}"
echo $foo

一二三

(适用于bash 4+)

这也可以……

FooBar=baz

echo ${FooBar^^${FooBar:0:1}}

=> Baz

FooBar=baz

echo ${FooBar^^${FooBar:1:1}}

=> bAz

FooBar=baz

echo ${FooBar^^${FooBar:2:2}}

=> baZ

等等。

来源:

Bash手动:Shell参数扩展 完整Bash指南:参数 Bash黑客的维基参数扩展

入门/教程：

Cyberciti.biz: 8。转换为大写到小写或反之亦然 Opensource.com: Bash中参数展开的介绍

Linux和OSX的另一种干净的解决方案，它也可以与bash变量一起使用

python -c "print(\"abc\".capitalize())"

返回美国广播公司

这里只是为了好玩:

foo="bar";    

echo $foo | awk '{$1=toupper(substr($1,0,1))substr($1,2)}1'
# or
echo ${foo^}
# or
echo $foo | head -c 1 | tr [a-z] [A-Z]; echo $foo | tail -c +2
# or
echo ${foo:1} | sed -e 's/^./\B&/'

虽然不是我要求的，但很有帮助

declare -u foo #When the variable is assigned a value, all lower-case characters are converted to upper-case.

foo=bar
echo $foo
BAR

反之亦然

declare -l foo #When the variable is assigned a value, all upper-case characters are converted to lower-case.

foo=BAR
echo $foo
bar

据我所知，这是POSIX sh兼容的。

upper_first.sh:

#!/bin/sh

printf "$1" | cut -c1 -z | tr -d '\0' | tr [:lower:] [:upper:]
printf "$1" | cut -c2-

Cut -c1 -z以\0而不是\n结束第一个字符串。它被tr -d '\0'删除。它也可以省略-z并使用tr -d '\n'来代替，但如果字符串的第一个字符是换行符，则会中断。

用法:

$ upper_first.sh foo
Foo
$

在函数中:

#!/bin/sh

function upper_first ()
{
    printf "$1" | cut -c1 -z | tr -d '\0' | tr [:lower:] [:upper:]
    printf "$1" | cut -c2-
}

old="foo"
new="$(upper_first "$old")"
echo "$new"

Posix兼容，子进程更少:

v="foo[Bar]"
printf "%s" "${v%"${v#?}"}" | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]' && printf "%s" "${v#?}"
==> Foo[Bar]