我想用bash将字符串中的第一个字符大写。
foo="bar";
//uppercase first character
echo $foo;
应打印“Bar”;
当前回答
如果第一个字符不是字母(而是制表符、空格和转义双引号)怎么办?我们最好测试它，直到我们找到一个字母!所以:
S=' \"ó foo bar\"'
N=0
until [[ ${S:$N:1} =~ [[:alpha:]] ]]; do N=$[$N+1]; done
#F=`echo ${S:$N:1} | tr [:lower:] [:upper:]`
#F=`echo ${S:$N:1} | sed -E -e 's/./\u&/'` #other option
F=`echo ${S:$N:1}
F=`echo ${F} #pure Bash solution to "upper"
echo "$F"${S:(($N+1))} #without garbage
echo '='${S:0:(($N))}"$F"${S:(($N+1))}'=' #garbage preserved
Foo bar
= \"Foo bar=
其他回答
使用sed的一种方法:
echo "$(echo "$foo" | sed 's/.*/\u&/')"
打印:
Bar
只大写第一个单词:
foo='one two three'
foo="${foo^}"
echo $foo
一二三
将变量中的每个单词大写:
foo="one two three"
foo=( $foo ) # without quotes
foo="${foo[@]^}"
echo $foo
一二三
(适用于bash 4+)
$ foo="bar";
$ foo=`echo ${foo:0:1} | tr '[a-z]' '[A-Z]'`${foo:1}
$ echo $foo
Bar
仅使用awk
foo="uNcapItalizedstrIng"
echo $foo | awk '{print toupper(substr($0,0,1))tolower(substr($0,2))}'
虽然不是我要求的，但很有帮助
declare -u foo #When the variable is assigned a value, all lower-case characters are converted to upper-case.
foo=bar
echo $foo
BAR
反之亦然
declare -l foo #When the variable is assigned a value, all upper-case characters are converted to lower-case.
foo=BAR
echo $foo
bar
