我想用bash将字符串中的第一个字符大写。
foo="bar";
//uppercase first character
echo $foo;
应打印“Bar”;
当前回答
虽然不是我要求的，但很有帮助
declare -u foo #When the variable is assigned a value, all lower-case characters are converted to upper-case.
foo=bar
echo $foo
BAR
反之亦然
declare -l foo #When the variable is assigned a value, all upper-case characters are converted to lower-case.
foo=BAR
echo $foo
bar
其他回答
虽然不是我要求的，但很有帮助
declare -u foo #When the variable is assigned a value, all lower-case characters are converted to upper-case.
foo=bar
echo $foo
BAR
反之亦然
declare -l foo #When the variable is assigned a value, all upper-case characters are converted to lower-case.
foo=BAR
echo $foo
bar
Posix兼容，子进程更少:
v="foo[Bar]"
printf "%s" "${v%"${v#?}"}" | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]' && printf "%s" "${v#?}"
==> Foo[Bar]
仅使用awk
foo="uNcapItalizedstrIng"
echo $foo | awk '{print toupper(substr($0,0,1))tolower(substr($0,2))}'
如果第一个字符不是字母(而是制表符、空格和转义双引号)怎么办?我们最好测试它，直到我们找到一个字母!所以:
S=' \"ó foo bar\"'
N=0
until [[ ${S:$N:1} =~ [[:alpha:]] ]]; do N=$[$N+1]; done
#F=`echo ${S:$N:1} | tr [:lower:] [:upper:]`
#F=`echo ${S:$N:1} | sed -E -e 's/./\u&/'` #other option
F=`echo ${S:$N:1}
F=`echo ${F} #pure Bash solution to "upper"
echo "$F"${S:(($N+1))} #without garbage
echo '='${S:0:(($N))}"$F"${S:(($N+1))}'=' #garbage preserved
Foo bar
= \"Foo bar=
据我所知，这是POSIX sh兼容的。
upper_first.sh:
#!/bin/sh
printf "$1" | cut -c1 -z | tr -d '\0' | tr [:lower:] [:upper:]
printf "$1" | cut -c2-
Cut -c1 -z以\0而不是\n结束第一个字符串。它被tr -d '\0'删除。它也可以省略-z并使用tr -d '\n'来代替，但如果字符串的第一个字符是换行符，则会中断。
用法:
$ upper_first.sh foo
Foo
$
在函数中:
#!/bin/sh
function upper_first ()
{
printf "$1" | cut -c1 -z | tr -d '\0' | tr [:lower:] [:upper:]
printf "$1" | cut -c2-
}
old="foo"
new="$(upper_first "$old")"
echo "$new"
