虽然不是我要求的，但很有帮助

declare -u foo #When the variable is assigned a value, all lower-case characters are converted to upper-case.

foo=bar
echo $foo
BAR

反之亦然

declare -l foo #When the variable is assigned a value, all upper-case characters are converted to lower-case.

foo=BAR
echo $foo
bar

first-letter-to-lower () {
        str="" 
        space=" " 
        for i in $@
        do
                if [ -z $(echo $i | grep "the\|of\|with" ) ]
                then
                        str=$str"$(echo ${i:0:1} | tr  '[A-Z]' '[a-z]')${i:1}$space" 
                else
                        str=$str${i}$space 
                fi
        done
        echo $str
}
first-letter-to-upper-xc () {
        v-first-letter-to-upper | xclip -selection clipboard
}
first-letter-to-upper () {
        str="" 
        space=" " 
        for i in $@
        do
                if [ -z $(echo $i | grep "the\|of\|with" ) ]
                then
                        str=$str"$(echo ${i:0:1} | tr  '[a-z]' '[A-Z]')${i:1}$space" 
                else
                        str=$str${i}$space 
                fi
        done
        echo $str
}

first-letter-to-lower-xc () { v首字母到下| xclip -选择剪贴板 ｝

它也可以在纯bash中使用bash-3.2完成:

# First, get the first character.
fl=${foo:0:1}

# Safety check: it must be a letter :).
if [[ ${fl} == [a-z] ]]; then
    # Now, obtain its octal value using printf (builtin).
    ord=$(printf '%o' "'${fl}")

    # Fun fact: [a-z] maps onto 0141..0172. [A-Z] is 0101..0132.
    # We can use decimal '- 40' to get the expected result!
    ord=$(( ord - 40 ))

    # Finally, map the new value back to a character.
    fl=$(printf '%b' '\'${ord})
fi

echo "${fl}${foo:1}"

只大写第一个单词:

foo='one two three'
foo="${foo^}"
echo $foo

一二三

将变量中的每个单词大写:

foo="one two three"
foo=( $foo ) # without quotes
foo="${foo[@]^}"
echo $foo

一二三

(适用于bash 4+)

这也可以……

FooBar=baz

echo ${FooBar^^${FooBar:0:1}}

=> Baz

FooBar=baz

echo ${FooBar^^${FooBar:1:1}}

=> bAz

FooBar=baz

echo ${FooBar^^${FooBar:2:2}}

=> baZ

等等。

来源:

Bash手动:Shell参数扩展 完整Bash指南:参数 Bash黑客的维基参数扩展

入门/教程：

Cyberciti.biz: 8。转换为大写到小写或反之亦然 Opensource.com: Bash中参数展开的介绍

仅使用awk

foo="uNcapItalizedstrIng"
echo $foo | awk '{print toupper(substr($0,0,1))tolower(substr($0,2))}'