您可以使用VisualTreeHelper来查找控件。下面是一个使用VisualTreeHelper查找指定类型的父控件的方法。您也可以使用VisualTreeHelper以其他方式查找控件。

public static class UIHelper
{
   /// <summary>
   /// Finds a parent of a given item on the visual tree.
   /// </summary>
   /// <typeparam name="T">The type of the queried item.</typeparam>
   /// <param name="child">A direct or indirect child of the queried item.</param>
   /// <returns>The first parent item that matches the submitted type parameter. 
   /// If not matching item can be found, a null reference is being returned.</returns>
   public static T FindVisualParent<T>(DependencyObject child)
     where T : DependencyObject
   {
      // get parent item
      DependencyObject parentObject = VisualTreeHelper.GetParent(child);

      // we’ve reached the end of the tree
      if (parentObject == null) return null;

      // check if the parent matches the type we’re looking for
      T parent = parentObject as T;
      if (parent != null)
      {
         return parent;
      }
      else
      {
         // use recursion to proceed with next level
         return FindVisualParent<T>(parentObject);
      }
   }
}

这样叫它:

Window owner = UIHelper.FindVisualParent<Window>(myControl);

这将消除一些元素-您应该像这样扩展它，以支持更广泛的控件数组。简单的讨论，请看这里

 /// <summary>
 /// Helper methods for UI-related tasks.
 /// </summary>
 public static class UIHelper
 {
   /// <summary>
   /// Finds a parent of a given item on the visual tree.
   /// </summary>
   /// <typeparam name="T">The type of the queried item.</typeparam>
   /// <param name="child">A direct or indirect child of the
   /// queried item.</param>
   /// <returns>The first parent item that matches the submitted
   /// type parameter. If not matching item can be found, a null
   /// reference is being returned.</returns>
   public static T TryFindParent<T>(DependencyObject child)
     where T : DependencyObject
   {
     //get parent item
     DependencyObject parentObject = GetParentObject(child);

     //we've reached the end of the tree
     if (parentObject == null) return null;

     //check if the parent matches the type we're looking for
     T parent = parentObject as T;
     if (parent != null)
     {
       return parent;
     }
     else
     {
       //use recursion to proceed with next level
       return TryFindParent<T>(parentObject);
     }
   }

   /// <summary>
   /// This method is an alternative to WPF's
   /// <see cref="VisualTreeHelper.GetParent"/> method, which also
   /// supports content elements. Do note, that for content element,
   /// this method falls back to the logical tree of the element!
   /// </summary>
   /// <param name="child">The item to be processed.</param>
   /// <returns>The submitted item's parent, if available. Otherwise
   /// null.</returns>
   public static DependencyObject GetParentObject(DependencyObject child)
   {
     if (child == null) return null;
     ContentElement contentElement = child as ContentElement;

     if (contentElement != null)
     {
       DependencyObject parent = ContentOperations.GetParent(contentElement);
       if (parent != null) return parent;

       FrameworkContentElement fce = contentElement as FrameworkContentElement;
       return fce != null ? fce.Parent : null;
     }

     //if it's not a ContentElement, rely on VisualTreeHelper
     return VisualTreeHelper.GetParent(child);
   }
}

您还可以使用FrameworkElement.FindName(string)按名称查找元素。

考虑到:

<UserControl ...>
    <TextBlock x:Name="myTextBlock" />
</UserControl>

在代码隐藏文件中，你可以这样写:

var myTextBlock = (TextBlock)this.FindName("myTextBlock");

当然，因为它是使用x:Name定义的，所以您可以只引用生成的字段，但是您可能希望动态而不是静态地查找它。

这种方法也可用于模板，其中命名项出现多次(每次使用模板一次)。

我可能只是在重复其他人，但我确实有一段漂亮的代码，它用FindChild()方法扩展了DependencyObject类，该方法将按类型和名称获取子对象。只是包含和使用。

public static class UIChildFinder
{
    public static DependencyObject FindChild(this DependencyObject reference, string childName, Type childType)
    {
        DependencyObject foundChild = null;
        if (reference != null)
        {
            int childrenCount = VisualTreeHelper.GetChildrenCount(reference);
            for (int i = 0; i < childrenCount; i++)
            {
                var child = VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(reference, i);
                // If the child is not of the request child type child
                if (child.GetType() != childType)
                {
                    // recursively drill down the tree
                    foundChild = FindChild(child, childName, childType);
                    if (foundChild != null) break;
                }
                else if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(childName))
                {
                    var frameworkElement = child as FrameworkElement;
                    // If the child's name is set for search
                    if (frameworkElement != null && frameworkElement.Name == childName)
                    {
                        // if the child's name is of the request name
                        foundChild = child;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    // child element found.
                    foundChild = child;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        return foundChild;
    }
}

希望对你有用。

我将John Myczek使用的模板格式和Tri Q上面的算法结合起来，创建了一个findChild算法，它可以用于任何父类。请记住，递归向下搜索树可能是一个漫长的过程。我只是在一个WPF应用程序上进行了抽查，请对您可能发现的任何错误进行评论，我会纠正我的代码。

WPF Snoop是一个查看可视化树的有用工具——我强烈建议在测试时使用它，或者使用这个算法来检查你的工作。

在Tri Q算法中有一个小错误。找到子对象后，如果childrenCount为> 1，然后再次迭代，就可以覆盖正确找到的子对象。因此，我添加了一个if (foundChild != null) break;加入我的代码来处理这种情况。

/// <summary>
/// Finds a Child of a given item in the visual tree. 
/// </summary>
/// <param name="parent">A direct parent of the queried item.</param>
/// <typeparam name="T">The type of the queried item.</typeparam>
/// <param name="childName">x:Name or Name of child. </param>
/// <returns>The first parent item that matches the submitted type parameter. 
/// If not matching item can be found, 
/// a null parent is being returned.</returns>
public static T FindChild<T>(DependencyObject parent, string childName)
   where T : DependencyObject
{    
  // Confirm parent and childName are valid. 
  if (parent == null) return null;

  T foundChild = null;

  int childrenCount = VisualTreeHelper.GetChildrenCount(parent);
  for (int i = 0; i < childrenCount; i++)
  {
    var child = VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(parent, i);
    // If the child is not of the request child type child
    T childType = child as T;
    if (childType == null)
    {
      // recursively drill down the tree
      foundChild = FindChild<T>(child, childName);

      // If the child is found, break so we do not overwrite the found child. 
      if (foundChild != null) break;
    }
    else if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(childName))
    {
      var frameworkElement = child as FrameworkElement;
      // If the child's name is set for search
      if (frameworkElement != null && frameworkElement.Name == childName)
      {
        // if the child's name is of the request name
        foundChild = (T)child;
        break;
      }
    }
    else
    {
      // child element found.
      foundChild = (T)child;
      break;
    }
  }

  return foundChild;
}

这样叫它:

TextBox foundTextBox = 
   UIHelper.FindChild<TextBox>(Application.Current.MainWindow, "myTextBoxName");

注意:Application.Current.MainWindow可以是任何父窗口。

对代码的扩展。

增加了重载，以按类型、按类型和标准(谓词)查找一个子元素，查找符合标准的所有类型的子元素 FindChildren方法除了是DependencyObject的扩展方法外，还是一个迭代器 FindChildren还遍历逻辑子树。请参阅博客中链接的Josh Smith的文章。

来源: https://code.google.com/p/gishu-util/source/browse/#git%2FWPF%2FUtilities

解释性博客文章: http://madcoderspeak.blogspot.com/2010/04/wpf-find-child-control-of-specific-type.html

我编辑了CrimsonX的代码，因为它不能处理超类类型:

public static T FindChild<T>(DependencyObject depObj, string childName)
   where T : DependencyObject
{
    // Confirm obj is valid. 
    if (depObj == null) return null;

    // success case
    if (depObj is T && ((FrameworkElement)depObj).Name == childName)
        return depObj as T;

    for (int i = 0; i < VisualTreeHelper.GetChildrenCount(depObj); i++)
    {
        DependencyObject child = VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(depObj, i);

        //DFS
        T obj = FindChild<T>(child, childName);

        if (obj != null)
            return obj;
    }

    return null;
}

下面是我的代码，通过类型来查找控件，同时控制我们进入层次结构的深度 (maxDepth == 0表示无限深)。

public static class FrameworkElementExtension
{
    public static object[] FindControls(
        this FrameworkElement f, Type childType, int maxDepth)
    {
        return RecursiveFindControls(f, childType, 1, maxDepth);
    }

    private static object[] RecursiveFindControls(
        object o, Type childType, int depth, int maxDepth = 0)
    {
        List<object> list = new List<object>();
        var attrs = o.GetType()
            .GetCustomAttributes(typeof(ContentPropertyAttribute), true);
        if (attrs != null && attrs.Length > 0)
        {
            string childrenProperty = (attrs[0] as ContentPropertyAttribute).Name;
            foreach (var c in (IEnumerable)o.GetType()
                .GetProperty(childrenProperty).GetValue(o, null))
            {
                if (c.GetType().FullName == childType.FullName)
                    list.Add(c);
                if (maxDepth == 0 || depth < maxDepth)
                    list.AddRange(RecursiveFindControls(
                        c, childType, depth + 1, maxDepth));
            }
        }
        return list.ToArray();
    }
}

因为这个问题很普遍，它可能会吸引人们去寻找非常琐碎的情况的答案:如果你只想要一个孩子而不是后代，你可以使用Linq:

private void ItemsControlItem_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    if (SomeCondition())
    {
        var children = (sender as Panel).Children;
        var child = (from Control child in children
                 where child.Name == "NameTextBox"
                 select child).First();
        child.Focus();
    }
}

或者显然的for循环遍历Children。

exciton80……我有一个问题，你的代码不递归通过用户控件。它击中了网格根并抛出了一个错误。我相信这能解决我的问题:

public static object[] FindControls(this FrameworkElement f, Type childType, int maxDepth)
{
    return RecursiveFindControls(f, childType, 1, maxDepth);
}

private static object[] RecursiveFindControls(object o, Type childType, int depth, int maxDepth = 0)
{
    List<object> list = new List<object>();
    var attrs = o.GetType().GetCustomAttributes(typeof(ContentPropertyAttribute), true);
    if (attrs != null && attrs.Length > 0)
    {
        string childrenProperty = (attrs[0] as ContentPropertyAttribute).Name;
        if (String.Equals(childrenProperty, "Content") || String.Equals(childrenProperty, "Children"))
        {
            var collection = o.GetType().GetProperty(childrenProperty).GetValue(o, null);
            if (collection is System.Windows.Controls.UIElementCollection) // snelson 6/6/11
            {
                foreach (var c in (IEnumerable)collection)
                {
                    if (c.GetType().FullName == childType.FullName)
                        list.Add(c);
                    if (maxDepth == 0 || depth < maxDepth)
                        list.AddRange(RecursiveFindControls(
                            c, childType, depth + 1, maxDepth));
                }
            }
            else if (collection != null && collection.GetType().BaseType.Name == "Panel") // snelson 6/6/11; added because was skipping control (e.g., System.Windows.Controls.Grid)
            {
                if (maxDepth == 0 || depth < maxDepth)
                    list.AddRange(RecursiveFindControls(
                        collection, childType, depth + 1, maxDepth));
            }
        }
    }
    return list.ToArray();
}

虽然我一般喜欢递归，但在c#中编程时，它不如迭代有效，所以也许下面的解决方案比John Myczek建议的更整洁?这将从给定控件搜索层次结构，以查找特定类型的祖先控件。

public static T FindVisualAncestorOfType<T>(this DependencyObject Elt)
    where T : DependencyObject
{
    for (DependencyObject parent = VisualTreeHelper.GetParent(Elt);
        parent != null; parent = VisualTreeHelper.GetParent(parent))
    {
        T result = parent as T;
        if (result != null)
            return result;
    }
    return null;
}

像这样调用它来找到包含一个名为ExampleTextBox的控件的窗口:

Window window = ExampleTextBox.FindVisualAncestorOfType<Window>();

如果您希望找到特定类型的ALL控件，那么您可能也会对这个代码段感兴趣

    public static IEnumerable<T> FindVisualChildren<T>(DependencyObject parent) 
        where T : DependencyObject
    {
        int childrenCount = VisualTreeHelper.GetChildrenCount(parent);
        for (int i = 0; i < childrenCount; i++)
        {
            var child = VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(parent, i);

            var childType = child as T;
            if (childType != null)
            {
                yield return (T)child;
            }

            foreach (var other in FindVisualChildren<T>(child))
            {
                yield return other;
            }
        }
    }

我有一个这样的序列函数(这是完全一般的):

    public static IEnumerable<T> SelectAllRecursively<T>(this IEnumerable<T> items, Func<T, IEnumerable<T>> func)
    {
        return (items ?? Enumerable.Empty<T>()).SelectMany(o => new[] { o }.Concat(SelectAllRecursively(func(o), func)));
    }

有直系子女:

    public static IEnumerable<DependencyObject> FindChildren(this DependencyObject obj)
    {
        return Enumerable.Range(0, VisualTreeHelper.GetChildrenCount(obj))
            .Select(i => VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(obj, i));
    }

在树中找到所有的子节点:

    public static IEnumerable<DependencyObject> FindAllChildren(this DependencyObject obj)
    {
        return obj.FindChildren().SelectAllRecursively(o => o.FindChildren());
    }

你可以在Window上调用这个来获得所有的控件。

在你有集合之后，你可以使用LINQ(即OfType, Where)。

试试这个

<TextBlock x:Name="txtblock" FontSize="24" >Hai Welcom to this page
</TextBlock>

后面的代码

var txtblock = sender as Textblock;
txtblock.Foreground = "Red"

这些选项已经讨论了如何在c#中遍历可视化树。 使用RelativeSource标记扩展也可以遍历xaml中的可视树。msdn

按类型查找

Binding="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type <TypeToFind>}}}" 

下面是一个使用灵活谓词的解决方案:

public static DependencyObject FindChild(DependencyObject parent, Func<DependencyObject, bool> predicate)
{
    if (parent == null) return null;

    int childrenCount = VisualTreeHelper.GetChildrenCount(parent);
    for (int i = 0; i < childrenCount; i++)
    {
        var child = VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(parent, i);

        if (predicate(child))
        {
            return child;
        }
        else
        {
            var foundChild = FindChild(child, predicate);
            if (foundChild != null)
                return foundChild;
        }
    }

    return null;
}

例如，你可以这样称呼它:

var child = FindChild(parent, child =>
{
    var textBlock = child as TextBlock;
    if (textBlock != null && textBlock.Name == "MyTextBlock")
        return true;
    else
        return false;
}) as TextBlock;

要从代码中找到给定类型的祖先，您可以使用:

[CanBeNull]
public static T FindAncestor<T>(DependencyObject d) where T : DependencyObject
{
    while (true)
    {
        d = VisualTreeHelper.GetParent(d);

        if (d == null)
            return null;

        var t = d as T;

        if (t != null)
            return t;
    }
}

这个实现使用迭代而不是递归，可以稍微快一点。

如果你使用的是c# 7，这段代码可以略短:

[CanBeNull]
public static T FindAncestor<T>(DependencyObject d) where T : DependencyObject
{
    while (true)
    {
        d = VisualTreeHelper.GetParent(d);

        if (d == null)
            return null;

        if (d is T t)
            return t;
    }
}

这段代码只是修复了@CrimsonX回答的错误:

 public static T FindChild<T>(DependencyObject parent, string childName)
       where T : DependencyObject
    {    
      // Confirm parent and childName are valid. 
      if (parent == null) return null;

      T foundChild = null;

      int childrenCount = VisualTreeHelper.GetChildrenCount(parent);
      for (int i = 0; i < childrenCount; i++)
      {
        var child = VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(parent, i);
        // If the child is not of the request child type child
        T childType = child as T;
        if (childType == null)
        {
          // recursively drill down the tree
          foundChild = FindChild<T>(child, childName);

          // If the child is found, break so we do not overwrite the found child. 
          if (foundChild != null) break;
        }
        else if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(childName))
        {
          var frameworkElement = child as FrameworkElement;
          // If the child's name is set for search
          if (frameworkElement != null && frameworkElement.Name == childName)
          {
            // if the child's name is of the request name
            foundChild = (T)child;
            break;
          }

 // recursively drill down the tree
          foundChild = FindChild<T>(child, childName);

          // If the child is found, break so we do not overwrite the found child. 
          if (foundChild != null) break;


        else
        {
          // child element found.
          foundChild = (T)child;
          break;
        }
      }

      return foundChild;
    }  

你只需要继续递归调用方法，如果类型匹配，但名称不匹配(这发生在你传递FrameworkElement作为T时)，否则它将返回null，这是错误的。

我能够找到对象的名称使用下面的代码。

stkMultiChildControl = stkMulti.FindChild（“<StackPanel>stkMultiControl_” + couter.ToString（））;

我找不到@CrimsonX或@Drew Noakes方法的控件，因为我的ControlTemplate位于一个单独的XAML文件中。 我用下面的方法找到了控件:

private Image backImage;
private void Diagram_Loaded(object sender, System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    // here is the example of the ControlTemplate declaration
    //<ControlTemplate x:Key="DiagramControlTemplate1" TargetType="{x:Type Diagram}">
    var ctrlTemplate = (ControlTemplate)FindResource("DiagramControlTemplate1");
    // diagram is the x:Name of TemplatedControl and, "backImage" is the name of control that I want to find.
    var imageControl = ctrlTemplate.FindName("backImage", diagram);
    if (imageControl != null)
    {
        this.backImage = (Image)imageControl;
    }
}

这对我很有用。

这里有一些我经常使用的方法。

用法:

// Starts the search from thisUiElement (might be a UserContol, Window, etc..)
var combobox = thisUiElement.ChildOfType<ComboBox>();
var employeesListBox = thisUiElement.ChildOfName("EmployeesListBox");
// Starts the search from MainWindow to find the first DataGrid
var dataGrid = WpfUtils.ChildOfType<DataGrid>();
// Starts the search from MainWindow to find the all ListViews
List<ComboBox> allListViews = WpfUtils.ChildOfType<ListView>();
// Starts the search from MainWindow to find the element of name EmployeesComboBox
var combobox = WpfUtils.ChildOfName("EmployeesComboBox");

实现:

/*
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Media;

namespace WpfUtilities;
*/

public static class WpfUtils{

    public static Window AppMainWindow =>
        Application.Current?.MainWindow;

    #region Find By Type
    
    // Start the search from MainWindow, example usage: var combobox = WpfUtils.ChildOfType<ComboBox>();
    public static T ChildOfType<T>() where T : DependencyObject =>
        ChildOfType<T>(AppMainWindow);
        
    /// This will return the first child of type T
    public static T ChildOfType<T>(this DependencyObject parent)
        where T : DependencyObject
    {
        if (parent == null) return null;
        T child = default;
        var numVisuals = VisualTreeHelper.GetChildrenCount(parent);
        for (var i = 0; i < numVisuals; i++)
        {
            var v = VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(parent, i);
            child = v as T ?? v.ChildOfType<T>();
            if (child != null)
                break;
        }

        return child;
    }
    
    // Start the search from MainWindow, example usage: List<ComboBox> comboboxes = WpfUtils.ChildOfType<ComboBox>();
    public static IEnumerable<T> ChildrenOfType<T>() where T : DependencyObject =>
        ChildrenOfType<T>(AppMainWindow);
    
    /// This will not break the search when finding the first kid of type T, but it will keep searching to return all kids of type T
    public static IEnumerable<T> ChildrenOfType<T>(
        this DependencyObject parent) where T : DependencyObject
    {
        if (parent == null) yield break;
        var numVisuals = VisualTreeHelper.GetChildrenCount(parent);
        for (var i = 0; i < numVisuals; i++)
        {
            var child = VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(parent, i);
            if (child is T dependencyObject)
                yield return dependencyObject;

            foreach (var childOfChild in child.ChildrenOfType<T>())
                yield return childOfChild;
        }
    }
    
    #endregion  

    #region Find By Name
    
    /// If parent is null, the search will start from MainWindow, example usage: var combobox = WpfUtils.ChildOfName("EmployeesCombobox");
    public static FrameworkElement ChildOfName(string childName,
        DependencyObject parent = null)
    {
        parent ??= AppMainWindow;
        object child = null;
        var numVisuals = VisualTreeHelper.GetChildrenCount(parent);
        for (var i = 0; i < numVisuals; i++)
        {
            var v = VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(parent, i);
            child = v is FrameworkElement f && f.Name == childName
                ? f
                : ChildOfName(childName, v);

            if (child != null)
                break;
        }

        return child as FrameworkElement;
    }
    
    #endregion
    
    #region
    
    // Yet another useful method, if you are writing code in a .xaml.cs file and you want to get the parent of a type.. example usage: this.ParentOfType<Grid>(); this.ParentOfType<UserControl>(); this.ParentOfType<Window>(); 
    public static T ParentOfType<T>(this DependencyObject child) where T : DependencyObject
    {
        var parentDepObj = child;
        do
        {
            parentDepObj = VisualTreeHelper.GetParent(parentDepObj);
            if (parentDepObj is T parent) return parent;
        } while (parentDepObj != null);

        return null;
    }
    
    #endregion
}