当WPF应用程序启动时，似乎没有任何东西具有焦点。
这真的很奇怪。我所使用的其他框架所做的正是您所期望的:将初始焦点放在选项卡顺序中的第一个控件上。但我已经确认，这是WPF，不只是我的应用程序-如果我创建一个新的窗口，只是把一个文本框在它，并运行应用程序，文本框没有焦点，直到我点击它或按Tab。讨厌的东西。
我的实际应用程序比一个文本框更复杂。我在UserControls中有几个UserControls层。其中一个UserControls有Focusable="True"和KeyDown/KeyUp处理程序，我希望它在我的窗口打开时就有焦点。不过，我在某种程度上仍然是一个WPF新手，我没有太多的运气来弄清楚如何做到这一点。
如果我启动我的应用并按下Tab键，焦点就会转到我的可聚焦控件，它开始以我想要的方式工作。但我不希望我的用户在开始使用窗口之前必须按Tab键。
我使用过FocusManager。FocusedElement，但我不确定要在哪个控件上设置它(顶级窗口?包含可聚焦控件的父控件?可聚焦控件本身?)或者设置为什么。
我需要做什么让我的深嵌套控件有初始焦点，只要窗口打开?或者更好，聚焦第一个可聚焦控件在制表符的顺序?
在经历了一个“WPF初始焦点噩梦”之后，基于对堆栈的一些回答，以下对我来说是最好的解决方案。
首先，添加你的App.xaml OnStartup()如下:
EventManager.RegisterClassHandler(typeof(Window), Window.LoadedEvent,
new RoutedEventHandler(WindowLoaded));
然后在App.xaml中添加'WindowLoaded'事件:
void WindowLoaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
var window = e.Source as Window;
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(100);
window.Dispatcher.Invoke(
new Action(() =>
{
window.MoveFocus(new TraversalRequest(FocusNavigationDirection.First));
}));
}
线程问题必须被使用，因为WPF最初的焦点主要是由于一些框架竞争条件而失败。
我发现下面的解决方案是最好的，因为它是用于整个应用程序的全局。
希望能有所帮助……
Oran
基于作为附加行为实现的可接受答案:
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Input;
namespace UI.Behaviors
{
public static class FocusBehavior
{
public static readonly DependencyProperty FocusFirstProperty =
DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached(
"FocusFirst",
typeof(bool),
typeof(FocusBehavior),
new PropertyMetadata(false, OnFocusFirstPropertyChanged));
public static bool GetFocusFirst(Control control)
{
return (bool)control.GetValue(FocusFirstProperty);
}
public static void SetFocusFirst (Control control, bool value)
{
control.SetValue(FocusFirstProperty, value);
}
static void OnFocusFirstPropertyChanged(
DependencyObject obj, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs args)
{
Control control = obj as Control;
if (control == null || !(args.NewValue is bool))
{
return;
}
if ((bool)args.NewValue)
{
control.Loaded += (sender, e) =>
control.MoveFocus(new TraversalRequest(FocusNavigationDirection.Next));
}
}
}
}
像这样使用它:
<Window xmlns:Behaviors="clr-namespace:UI.Behaviors"
Behaviors:FocusBehavior.FocusFirst="true">
我也面临着同样的问题。我在画布容器内有三个文本框，并希望第一个文本框在用户控件打开时被聚焦。WPF代码遵循MVVM模式。我创建了一个单独的行为类来聚焦元素，并像这样将它绑定到我的视图。
画布行为代码
public class CanvasLoadedBehavior : Behavior<Canvas>
{
private Canvas _canvas;
protected override void OnAttached()
{
base.OnAttached();
_canvas = AssociatedObject as Canvas;
if (_canvas.Name == "ReturnRefundCanvas")
{
_canvas.Loaded += _canvas_Loaded;
}
}
void _canvas_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
FocusNavigationDirection focusDirection = FocusNavigationDirection.Next;
// MoveFocus takes a TraveralReqest as its argument.
TraversalRequest request = new TraversalRequest(focusDirection);
UIElement elementWithFocus = Keyboard.FocusedElement as UIElement;
if (elementWithFocus != null)
{
elementWithFocus.MoveFocus(request);
}
}
}
视图代码
<Canvas Name="ReturnRefundCanvas" Height="200" Width="1466" DataContext="{Binding RefundSearchViewModel}">
<i:Interaction.Behaviors>
<b:CanvasLoadedBehavior />
</i:Interaction.Behaviors>
<uc:Keyboard Canvas.Left="973" Canvas.Top="111" ToolTip="Keyboard" RenderTransformOrigin="-2.795,9.787"></uc:Keyboard>
<Label Style="{StaticResource Devlbl}" Canvas.Left="28" Content="Return and Refund Search" Canvas.Top="10" />
<Image Height="30" Width="28" Canvas.Top="6" Canvas.Left="5" Source="pack://application:,,,/HomaKiosk;component/images/searchF.png">
<Image.OpacityMask>
<ImageBrush ImageSource="pack://application:,,,/HomaKiosk;component/images/searchF.png"/>
</Image.OpacityMask>
</Image>
<Separator Height="4" Canvas.Left="6" Margin="0" Canvas.Top="35" Width="1007"/>
<ContentControl Canvas.Top="45" Canvas.Left="21"
ContentTemplate="{StaticResource ErrorMsg}"
Visibility="{Binding Error, Converter={c:StringNullOrEmptyToVisibilityConverter}}"
Content="{Binding Error}" Width="992"></ContentControl>
<Label Style="{StaticResource Devlbl}" Canvas.Left="29" Name="FirstName" Content="First Name" Canvas.Top="90" />
<wpf:AutoCompleteTextBox Style="{StaticResource AutoComp}" Height="32" Canvas.Left="33" ToolTip="First Name" Canvas.Top="120" Width="205" Padding="10,5" TabIndex="1001"
VerticalAlignment="Top"
Watermark=""
IconPlacement="Left"
IconVisibility="Visible"
Delay="100"
Text="{Binding FirstName, Mode=TwoWay, TargetNullValue=''}"
Provider="{Binding FirstNameSuggestions}">
<wpf:AutoCompleteTextBox.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<Border Padding="5">
<StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
<TextBlock Text="{Binding}"
FontWeight="Bold" />
</StackPanel>
</Border>
</DataTemplate>
</wpf:AutoCompleteTextBox.ItemTemplate>
</wpf:AutoCompleteTextBox>
<Label Style="{StaticResource Devlbl}" Canvas.Left="250" Content="Last Name" Canvas.Top="90" />
<wpf:AutoCompleteTextBox Style="{StaticResource AutoComp}" Height="32" ToolTip="Last Name" Canvas.Left="250" Canvas.Top="120" Width="205" Padding="10,5" TabIndex="1002"
VerticalAlignment="Top"
Watermark=""
IconPlacement="Left"
IconVisibility="Visible"
Delay="100"
Text="{Binding LastName, Mode=TwoWay, TargetNullValue=''}"
Provider="{Binding LastNameSuggestions}">
<wpf:AutoCompleteTextBox.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<Border Padding="5">
<StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
<TextBlock Text="{Binding}"
FontWeight="Bold" />
</StackPanel>
</Border>
</DataTemplate>
</wpf:AutoCompleteTextBox.ItemTemplate>
</wpf:AutoCompleteTextBox>
<Label Style="{StaticResource Devlbl}" Canvas.Left="480" Content="Receipt No" Canvas.Top="90" />
<wpf:AutoCompleteTextBox Style="{StaticResource AutoComp}" Height="32" ToolTip="Receipt No" Canvas.Left="480" Canvas.Top="120" Width="205" Padding="10,5" TabIndex="1002"
VerticalAlignment="Top"
Watermark=""
IconPlacement="Left"
IconVisibility="Visible"
Delay="100"
Text="{Binding ReceiptNo, Mode=TwoWay, TargetNullValue=''}"
Provider="{Binding ReceiptIdSuggestions}">
<wpf:AutoCompleteTextBox.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<Border Padding="5">
<StackPanel Orientation="Vertical" >
<TextBlock Text="{Binding}"
FontWeight="Bold">
</TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
</Border>
</DataTemplate>
</wpf:AutoCompleteTextBox.ItemTemplate>
<i:Interaction.Behaviors>
<b:AllowableCharactersTextBoxBehavior RegularExpression="^[0-9]+$" MaxLength="15" />
</i:Interaction.Behaviors>
</wpf:AutoCompleteTextBox>
<!--<Label Style="{StaticResource Devlbl}" Canvas.Left="710" Content="Duration" Canvas.Top="79" />-->
<!--<ComboBox AllowDrop="True" Canvas.Left="710" ToolTip="Duration" Canvas.Top="107" Width="205" TabIndex="1004"
Style="{StaticResource CommonComboBox}"
ItemsSource="{Binding Durations}" DisplayMemberPath="Description" SelectedValuePath="Id" SelectedValue="{Binding SelectedDate, Mode=TwoWay}">
</ComboBox>-->
<Button Content="Search" Style="{StaticResource MyButton}" ToolTip="Search"
Canvas.Top="116" Canvas.Left="710" Cursor="Hand"
Command="{Binding SearchCommand}" TabIndex="2001">
</Button>
<Button Content="Clear" Style="{StaticResource MyButton}" ToolTip="Clear"
Canvas.Top="116" Canvas.Left="840" Cursor="Hand"
Command="{Binding ClearCommand}" TabIndex="2002">
</Button>
<Image Height="25" Width="25" Canvas.Top="175" Canvas.Left="25" Source="pack://application:,,,/HomaKiosk;component/images/chkpending.png"/>
<Label Style="{StaticResource LegendLbl}" Canvas.Left="50" Content="Check Returned and Payment Pending" Canvas.Top="178" />
<Image Height="25" Width="25" Canvas.Top="175" Canvas.Left="300" Source="pack://application:,,,/HomaKiosk;component/images/chkrepaid.png"/>
<Label Style="{StaticResource LegendLbl}" Canvas.Left="325" Content="Repaid" Canvas.Top="178" />
<Image Height="25" Width="25" Canvas.Top="175" Canvas.Left="395" Source="pack://application:,,,/HomaKiosk;component/images/refund.png"/>
<Label Style="{StaticResource LegendLbl}" Canvas.Left="415" Content="Refunded" Canvas.Top="178" />
</Canvas>
一个最小版本的Mizipzor的答案c# 6+。
public static class FocusBehavior
{
public static readonly DependencyProperty GiveInitialFocusProperty =
DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached(
"GiveInitialFocus",
typeof(bool),
typeof(FocusBehavior),
new PropertyMetadata(false, OnFocusFirstPropertyChanged));
public static bool GetGiveInitialFocus(Control control) => (bool)control.GetValue(GiveInitialFocusProperty);
public static void SetGiveInitialFocus(Control control, bool value) => control.SetValue(GiveInitialFocusProperty, value);
private static void OnFocusFirstPropertyChanged(DependencyObject obj, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs args)
{
var control = obj as Control;
if (control == null || !(args.NewValue is bool))
return;
if ((bool)args.NewValue)
control.Loaded += OnControlLoaded;
else
control.Loaded -= OnControlLoaded;
}
private static void OnControlLoaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) => ((Control)sender).MoveFocus(new TraversalRequest(FocusNavigationDirection.Next));
}
在你的XAML中使用:
<Window local:FocusBehavior.GiveInitialFocus="True" />
如果你像我一样，正在使用一些框架，在某种程度上，混淆了基本的焦点行为，并使上述所有解决方案都无关紧要，你仍然可以这样做:
1 -注意得到焦点的元素(不管是什么!)
2 -在你的代码中添加这个在xxx.xaml.cs后面
private bool _firstLoad;
3 -在得到第一个焦点的元素上添加这个:
GotFocus="Element_GotFocus"
4 -在后面的代码中添加Element_GotFocus方法，并指定需要第一个焦点的WPF命名元素:
private void Element_GotFocus(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
if(_firstLoad)
{
this.MyElementWithFistFocus.Focus();
_firstLoad = false;
}
}
5 -管理已加载事件
在XAML
Loaded="MyWindow_Loaded"
在xaml.cs
private void MyWindow_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
_firstLoad = true;
this.Element_GotFocus(null, null);
}
希望这将有助于作为最后的解决方案
上述解决方案并没有像我预期的那样工作，我已经稍微改变了由Mizipzor提出的行为如下:
从这一部分开始
if ((bool)args.NewValue)
{
control.Loaded += (sender, e) =>
control.MoveFocus(new TraversalRequest(FocusNavigationDirection.Next));
}
这个
if ((bool)args.NewValue)
{
control.Loaded += (sender, e) => control.Focus();
}
并且我没有将此行为附加到Window或UserControl，但对于控件，我想首先关注，例如:
<TextBox ui:FocusBehavior.InitialFocus="True" />
哦，不好意思，不同的命名，我使用InitialFocus的名称为附加属性。
这对我很有用，也许能帮助到其他人。
