Tim Savannah的func_timeout包对我来说工作得很好。

安装:

PIP安装func_timeout

用法:

import time
from func_timeout import func_timeout, FunctionTimedOut

def my_func(n):
    time.sleep(n)

time_to_sleep = 10

# time out after 2 seconds using kwargs
func_timeout(2, my_func, kwargs={'n' : time_to_sleep})

# time out after 2 seconds using args
func_timeout(2, my_func, args=(time_to_sleep,))

以防对任何人都有帮助，在@piro的回答的基础上，我做了一个函数装饰器:

import time
import signal
from functools import wraps


def timeout(timeout_secs: int):
    def wrapper(func):
        @wraps(func)
        def time_limited(*args, **kwargs):
            # Register an handler for the timeout
            def handler(signum, frame):
                raise Exception(f"Timeout for function '{func.__name__}'")

            # Register the signal function handler
            signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, handler)

            # Define a timeout for your function
            signal.alarm(timeout_secs)

            result = None
            try:
                result = func(*args, **kwargs)
            except Exception as exc:
                raise exc
            finally:
                # disable the signal alarm
                signal.alarm(0)

            return result

        return time_limited

    return wrapper

在一个有20秒超时的函数上使用包装器看起来像这样:

    @timeout(20)
    def my_slow_or_never_ending_function(name):
        while True:
            time.sleep(1)
            print(f"Yet another second passed {name}...")

    try:
        results = my_slow_or_never_ending_function("Yooo!")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"ERROR: {e}")

伟大的，易于使用和可靠的PyPi项目超时装饰器(https://pypi.org/project/timeout-decorator/)

安装:

pip install timeout-decorator

用法:

import time
import timeout_decorator

@timeout_decorator.timeout(5)
def mytest():
    print "Start"
    for i in range(1,10):
        time.sleep(1)
        print "%d seconds have passed" % i

if __name__ == '__main__':
    mytest()

你可以使用多处理。过程来做到这一点。

Code

import multiprocessing
import time

# bar
def bar():
    for i in range(100):
        print "Tick"
        time.sleep(1)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Start bar as a process
    p = multiprocessing.Process(target=bar)
    p.start()

    # Wait for 10 seconds or until process finishes
    p.join(10)

    # If thread is still active
    if p.is_alive():
        print "running... let's kill it..."

        # Terminate - may not work if process is stuck for good
        p.terminate()
        # OR Kill - will work for sure, no chance for process to finish nicely however
        # p.kill()

        p.join()

在@piro答案的基础上，您可以构建一个contextmanager。这允许非常易读的代码，将在成功运行后禁用警报信号(sets signal.alarm(0))

from contextlib import contextmanager
import signal
import time

@contextmanager
def timeout(duration):
    def timeout_handler(signum, frame):
        raise TimeoutError(f'block timedout after {duration} seconds')
    signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, timeout_handler)
    signal.alarm(duration)
    try:
        yield
    finally:
        signal.alarm(0)

def sleeper(duration):
    time.sleep(duration)
    print('finished')

使用示例:

In [19]: with timeout(2):
    ...:     sleeper(1)
    ...:     
finished

In [20]: with timeout(2):
    ...:     sleeper(3)
    ...:         
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exception                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-20-66c78858116f> in <module>()
      1 with timeout(2):
----> 2     sleeper(3)
      3 

<ipython-input-7-a75b966bf7ac> in sleeper(t)
      1 def sleeper(t):
----> 2     time.sleep(t)
      3     print('finished')
      4 

<ipython-input-18-533b9e684466> in timeout_handler(signum, frame)
      2 def timeout(duration):
      3     def timeout_handler(signum, frame):
----> 4         raise Exception(f'block timedout after {duration} seconds')
      5     signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, timeout_handler)
      6     signal.alarm(duration)

Exception: block timedout after 2 seconds

我是wrapt_timeout_decorator的作者。

这里介绍的大多数解决方案乍一看在Linux下都工作得很好——因为我们有fork()和signals()——但在windows上看起来有点不同。 当涉及到Linux上的子线程时，你不能再使用信号了。

为了在Windows下生成一个进程，它需要是可pickle的——许多装饰函数或Class方法都不是。

所以你需要使用一个更好的pickler像莳萝和multiprocess(不是pickle和multiprocessing) -这就是为什么你不能使用ProcessPoolExecutor(或只有有限的功能)。

For the timeout itself - You need to define what timeout means - because on Windows it will take considerable (and not determinable) time to spawn the process. This can be tricky on short timeouts. Lets assume, spawning the process takes about 0.5 seconds (easily !!!). If You give a timeout of 0.2 seconds what should happen? Should the function time out after 0.5 + 0.2 seconds (so let the method run for 0.2 seconds)? Or should the called process time out after 0.2 seconds (in that case, the decorated function will ALWAYS timeout, because in that time it is not even spawned)?

嵌套的装饰器也很讨厌，你不能在子线程中使用信号。如果你想要创建一个真正通用的、跨平台的装饰器，所有这些都需要考虑(并测试)。

其他问题是将异常传递回调用者，以及记录问题(如果在装饰函数中使用-不支持记录到另一个进程中的文件)

我试图涵盖所有的边缘情况，您可以查看包wrapt_timeout_decorator，或者至少测试您自己的解决方案，受到那里使用的单元测试的启发。

@Alexis Eggermont -不幸的是，我没有足够的分数来评论-也许其他人可以通知你-我认为我解决了你的进口问题。