我曾看到它被用作“动态类型”指针的轻微性能hack(在“引擎盖下”一节中):

但这是我用来获得小类型的快速性能的棘手技巧:如果所持有的值可以放入void*中，我实际上不需要分配一个新对象，而是使用placement new将其强制到指针本身。

这里是c++ in-place构造函数的杀手级用法:对齐缓存线，以及其他2边界的幂。以下是我的超快速指针对齐算法，使用5个或更少的单周期指令，达到2边界的任意幂:

/* Quickly aligns the given pointer to a power of two boundary IN BYTES.
@return An aligned pointer of typename T.
@brief Algorithm is a 2's compliment trick that works by masking off
the desired number in 2's compliment and adding them to the
pointer.
@param pointer The pointer to align.
@param boundary_byte_count The boundary byte count that must be an even
power of 2.
@warning Function does not check if the boundary is a power of 2! */
template <typename T = char>
inline T* AlignUp(void* pointer, uintptr_t boundary_byte_count) {
  uintptr_t value = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(pointer);
  value += (((~value) + 1) & (boundary_byte_count - 1));
  return reinterpret_cast<T*>(value);
}

struct Foo { Foo () {} };
char buffer[sizeof (Foo) + 64];
Foo* foo = new (AlignUp<Foo> (buffer, 64)) Foo ();

这是不是让你的脸上露出了微笑(:)。我♥♥♥c++ 1x

它被std::vector<>使用，因为std::vector<>通常分配比vector<>中的对象更多的内存。

Head Geek: BINGO! You got it totally - that's exactly what it's perfect for. In many embedded environments, external constraints and/or the overall use scenario forces the programmer to separate the allocation of an object from its initialization. Lumped together, C++ calls this "instantiation"; but whenever the constructor's action must be explicitly invoked WITHOUT dynamic or automatic allocation, placement new is the way to do it. It's also the perfect way to locate a global C++ object that is pinned to the address of a hardware component (memory-mapped I/O), or for any static object that, for whatever reason, must reside at a fixed address.

我认为任何答案都没有强调这一点，但新位置的另一个好例子和用法是减少内存碎片(通过使用内存池)。这在嵌入式和高可用性系统中特别有用。在最后一种情况下，这一点特别重要，因为对于一个必须运行24/365天的系统来说，没有碎片是非常重要的。此问题与内存泄漏无关。

Even when a very good malloc implementation is used (or similar memory management function) it's very difficult to deal with fragmentation for a long time. At some point if you don't manage cleverly the memory reservation/release calls you could end up with a lot of small gaps that are difficult to reuse (assign to new reservations). So, one of the solutions that are used in this case is to use a memory pool to allocate before hand the memory for the application objects. After-wards each time you need memory for some object you just use the new placement to create a new object on the already reserved memory.

这样，一旦应用程序启动，就已经预留了所需的所有内存。所有新的内存预留/释放都将分配到已分配的池中(您可能有几个池，每个池对应一个不同的对象类)。在这种情况下不会发生内存碎片，因为没有间隙，您的系统可以运行很长时间(数年)而不会出现内存碎片。

我在实践中看到过这种情况，特别是在VxWorks RTOS中，因为它的默认内存分配系统受到了很多碎片的影响。因此，通过标准的new/malloc方法分配内存在项目中基本上是被禁止的。所有的内存预留都应该到一个专用的内存池中。

The one place I've run across it is in containers which allocate a contiguous buffer and then fill it with objects as required. As mentioned, std::vector might do this, and I know some versions of MFC CArray and/or CList did this (because that's where I first ran across it). The buffer over-allocation method is a very useful optimization, and placement new is pretty much the only way to construct objects in that scenario. It is also used sometimes to construct objects in memory blocks allocated outside of your direct code.

我在类似的情况下使用过它，尽管它不经常出现。不过，它是c++工具箱中的一个有用工具。