树的例子是一个很好的例子: 在一些不同的类中实现一个对象 具有继承关系。

也许您还需要它具有一个构造函数protected和force 人们用你的“朋友”工厂。

．.． 好吧，坦白地说，没有它你也能生活。

In C++ "friend" keyword is useful in Operator overloading and Making Bridge. 1.) Friend keyword in operator overloading :Example for operator overloading is: Let say we have a class "Point" that has two float variable"x"(for x-coordinate) and "y"(for y-coordinate). Now we have to overload "<<"(extraction operator) such that if we call "cout << pointobj" then it will print x and y coordinate (where pointobj is an object of class Point). To do this we have two option: 1.Overload "operator <<()" function in "ostream" class. 2.Overload "operator<<()" function in "Point" class. Now First option is not good because if we need to overload again this operator for some different class then we have to again make change in "ostream" class. That's why second is best option. Now compiler can call "operator <<()" function:

   1.Using ostream object cout.As: cout.operator<<(Pointobj) (form ostream class).
   2.Call without an object.As: operator<<(cout, Pointobj) (from Point class).

Beacause we have implemented overloading in Point class. So to call this function without an object we have to add"friend" keyword because we can call a friend function without an object. Now function declaration will be As: "friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &cout, Point &pointobj);" 2.) Friend keyword in making bridge : Suppose we have to make a function in which we have to access private member of two or more classes ( generally termed as "bridge" ) . How to do this: To access private member of a class it should be member of that class. Now to access private member of other class every class should declare that function as a friend function. For example : Suppose there are two class A and B. A function "funcBridge()" want to access private member of both classes. Then both class should declare "funcBridge()" as: friend return_type funcBridge(A &a_obj, B & b_obj);I think this would help to understand friend keyword.

在做TDD的时候，我经常使用c++中的'friend'关键字。

朋友能知道我的一切吗?

更新:我从Bjarne Stroustrup网站上找到了这个关于“朋友”关键字的有价值的答案。

“好友”是一种授予访问权限的显式机制，就像会员资格一样。

树的例子是一个很好的例子: 在一些不同的类中实现一个对象 具有继承关系。

也许您还需要它具有一个构造函数protected和force 人们用你的“朋友”工厂。

．.． 好吧，坦白地说，没有它你也能生活。

在构建容器并希望为该类实现迭代器时，Friend可以派上用场。

好友对于回调也很有用。可以将回调函数作为静态方法来实现

class MyFoo
{
private:
    static void callback(void * data, void * clientData);
    void localCallback();
    ...
};

回调在内部调用localCallback, clientData中有你的实例。在我看来，

还是……

class MyFoo
{
    friend void callback(void * data, void * callData);
    void localCallback();
}

这允许友元在cpp中被定义为c风格的函数，而不会使类变得混乱。

类似地，我经常看到的一种模式是将一个类的所有真正的私有成员放到另一个类中，该类在头文件中声明，在cpp中定义，并加为好友。这允许编码器向头文件的用户隐藏类的很多复杂性和内部工作。

在头文件中:

class MyFooPrivate;
class MyFoo
{
    friend class MyFooPrivate;
public:
    MyFoo();
    // Public stuff
private:
    MyFooPrivate _private;
    // Other private members as needed
};

在cpp中，

class MyFooPrivate
{
public:
   MyFoo *owner;
   // Your complexity here
};

MyFoo::MyFoo()
{
    this->_private->owner = this;
}

这样就更容易隐藏下游不需要看到的东西。