如果你使用的是anaconda发行版，这对我来说是有效的(在macintosh上):

$ conda create -n py3k python=3 anaconda

$ source activate py3k

$ ipython kernelspec install-self

最后一个命令需要注意:

(py3k)Monas-MacBook-Pro:cs799 mona$ ipython kernelspec install-self
[TerminalIPythonApp] WARNING | Subcommand `ipython kernelspec` is deprecated and will be removed in future versions.
[TerminalIPythonApp] WARNING | You likely want to use `jupyter kernelspec` in the future
[InstallNativeKernelSpec] WARNING | `jupyter kernelspec install-self` is DEPRECATED as of 4.0. You probably want `ipython kernel install` to install the IPython kernelspec.
[InstallNativeKernelSpec] Installed kernelspec python3 in /usr/local/share/jupyter/kernels/python3
(py3k)Monas-MacBook-Pro:cs799 mona$ ipython kernel install 
Installed kernelspec python3 in /usr/local/share/jupyter/kernels/python3

按照上述步骤在OSX Yosemite中进行测试，并输入jupter notebook并在浏览器中创建一个新的notebook，您将看到以下截图:

sudo apt-get install python3-pip python3-dev
pip3 install -U jupyter

当你使用conda管理你的python envs时，遵循以下两个步骤:

激活py3(在Windows上或在Linux上激活py3) Conda install notebook ipykernel或者直接使用Conda install jupyter

在ElementaryOS Freya(基于Ubuntu 14.04)上，其他答案都没有立即对我起作用;我得到了

[TerminalIPythonApp]警告|文件不存在:'kernelspec'

quickbug在Matt的回答中描述的错误。我首先要做的是:

Sudo apt-get安装pip3

安装ipython[所有]

这时你就可以运行Matt建议的命令了;即:ipython kernelspec install-self和ipython3 kernelspec install-self

现在，当我启动ipython notebook，然后打开一个notebook时，我能够从kernel菜单中选择Python 3内核。

最短最好的解决方案

conda create --name py3-ml python=3.6
conda install ipykernel

source activate py3-ml # or conda activate py3-ml
python -m ipykernel install --user --name py3-ml

我很确定你要做的就是逃跑

Pip3安装jupyter