例程可以有参数，这不是新闻。您可以根据需要定义任意多的参数，但是过多的参数会使您的例程难以理解和维护。
当然，您可以使用结构化变量作为解决方法:将所有这些变量放在单个结构中并将其传递给例程。事实上，使用结构来简化参数列表是Steve McConnell在Code Complete中描述的技术之一。但正如他所说:
谨慎的程序员避免将数据捆绑在一起，除非逻辑上是必要的。
因此，如果你的例程有太多的参数，或者你使用一个结构体来掩盖一个大的参数列表，你可能做错了什么。也就是说，你没有保持耦合松散。
我的问题是，什么时候我可以认为一个参数列表太大?我认为5个以上的参数太多了。你怎么看?
当前回答
我同意3个是可以的，4个太多了。如果有3个以上的参数，你就不可避免地要做不止一个任务。一个以上的任务应该被分割成不同的方法。
然而，如果我查看我所从事的最新项目，例外情况比比皆是，大多数情况下很难归结为3个参数。
其他回答
短期记忆中的七件事?
函数名称 返回函数的值 函数的目的 参数1 参数2 参数3 参数4
作为一般的经验法则，我停留在三个参数上。如果再多，就应该传递一个参数数组或配置对象，这也允许在不更改API的情况下添加未来的参数。
您应该考虑的一个相关问题是例程的内聚性如何。大量参数可能是一种气味，告诉您例程本身试图做太多事情，因此它的内聚性是可疑的。我同意一个固定的参数数量可能是不可能的，但我猜一个高内聚例程意味着一个低数量的参数。
如果我在一个例程中有7-10个参数，我会考虑将它们捆绑到一个新类中，但如果这个类只是一堆带有getter和setter的字段，那么这个新类必须做一些其他的事情，而不是将值移进和移出。否则，我宁愿忍受很长的参数列表。
非常感谢你的所有回答:
It was a bit surprising to find people who also think (like I do) that 5 parameters is a good limit for the sanity of the code. Generally, people tend to agree that a limit between 3 and 4 is good rule of thumb. This is reasonable as people usually have a bad time counting more than 4 things. As Milan points, on average people can keep more or less 7 things in their head at a time. But I think that you can't forget that, when you are designing/maintaining/studying a routine, you have to keep in mind more things than just the parameters. Some people consider that a routine should have as many arguments as it needs to. I agree, but only for a few specific cases (calls to OS APIs, routines where optimization is important, etc). I suggest to hide the complexity of these routines by adding a layer of abstraction just above these calls whenever possible. Nick has some interesting thoughts on this. If you don't want to read his comments, I summarize for you: in a nutshell, it depends: I hate making hard and fast rules like this because the answer changes not only depending on the size and scope of your project, but I think it changes even down to the module level. Depending on what your method is doing, or what the class is supposed to represent, it's quite possible that 2 arguments is too many and is a symptom of too much coupling. The moral here is don't be afraid of showing your code to your peers, discuss with them and try to "identify areas where you have low cohesion and tight coupling". Finally, I think wnoise much agrees with Nick, and concludes his satirical contribution with this poetical vision (see comments below) of the art of programming: Programming is not engineering. Organization of code is an art because it depends on human factors, which depend too much on context for any hard rule.
