类的成员默认为private, struct的成员默认为public。

例如，程序1编译失败，程序2运行正常。

// Program 1
#include <stdio.h>
 
class Test {
    int x; // x is private
};

int main()
{
  Test t;
  t.x = 20; // compiler error because x is private
  getchar();
  return 0;
}

// Program 2
#include <stdio.h>
 
struct Test {
    int x; // x is public
};

int main()
{
  Test t;
  t.x = 20; // works fine because x is public
  getchar();
  return 0;
}

从类/结构派生结构时，基类/结构的默认访问说明符为public。派生类时，默认访问说明符为private。

例如，程序3编译失败，程序4工作正常。

// Program 3
#include <stdio.h>
 
class Base {
public:
    int x;
};
 
class Derived : Base { }; // is equivalent to class Derived : private Base {}
 
int main()
{
  Derived d;
  d.x = 20; // compiler error because inheritance is private
  getchar();
  return 0;
}

// Program 4
#include <stdio.h>
 
class Base {
public:
    int x;
};
 
struct Derived : Base { }; // is equivalent to struct Derived : public Base {}
 
int main()
{
  Derived d;
  d.x = 20; // works fine because inheritance is public
  getchar();
  return 0;
}

默认情况下，用关键字class定义的类的成员为private。用关键字struct(或union)定义的类的成员默认是公共的。 在基类没有访问说明符的情况下，当派生类声明为struct时假定为public，当类声明为class时假定为private。 你可以使用模板<类T>，但不能使用模板<结构T>。

还要注意，c++标准允许将类型前向声明为struct，然后在声明类型时使用class，反之亦然。同样，std::is_class<Y>::value对于Y是一个结构和类是true，但是对于枚举类是false。

还有一个不成文的规则告诉我们: 如果类的数据成员与自身没有关联，则使用struct。 如果数据成员的值依赖于另一个数据成员的值，则使用class。

f.e

class Time
{
    int minutes;
    int seconds;
}

struct Sizes
{
    int length;
    int width;
};

唯一的其他区别是类和结构的默认继承，不出意外，它们分别是私有和公共的。

. In classes all the members by default are private but in structure members are public by default. There is no term like constructor and destructor for structs, but for class compiler creates default if you don't provide. Sizeof empty structure is 0 Bytes wer as Sizeof empty class is 1 Byte The struct default access type is public. A struct should typically be used for grouping data. The class default access type is private, and the default mode for inheritance is private. A class should be used for grouping data and methods that operate on that data. In short, the convention is to use struct when the purpose is to group data, and use classes when we require data abstraction and, perhaps inheritance. In C++ structures and classes are passed by value, unless explicitly de-referenced. In other languages classes and structures may have distinct semantics - ie. objects (instances of classes) may be passed by reference and structures may be passed by value. Note: There are comments associated with this question. See the discussion page to add to the conversation.

oops中structure和class关键字的主要区别在于，structure中没有public和private成员声明。数据成员和成员函数可以定义为public、private和protected。