如何将字节数组转换为十六进制字符串,反之亦然?


当前回答

如果您希望比BitConverter更灵活,但不希望使用那些笨重的90年代风格的显式循环,那么您可以这样做:

String.Join(String.Empty, Array.ConvertAll(bytes, x => x.ToString("X2")));

或者,如果您使用的是.NET 4.0:

String.Concat(Array.ConvertAll(bytes, x => x.ToString("X2")));

(后者来自对原帖子的评论。)

其他回答

我怀疑这样的速度会使大多数其他测试失败。。。

Public Function BufToHex(ByVal buf() As Byte) As String
    Dim sB As New System.Text.StringBuilder
    For i As Integer = 0 To buf.Length - 1
        sB.Append(buf(i).ToString("x2"))
    Next i
    Return sB.ToString
End Function

这个问题也可以使用查找表来解决。这将需要编码器和解码器的少量静态存储器。然而,这种方法很快:

编码器表512字节或1024字节(两次大小写(如果是大写和小写)需要)解码器表256字节或64 KiB(单个字符查找或双字符查找)

我的解决方案使用1024字节作为编码表,256字节用于解码。

解码

private static readonly byte[] LookupTable = new byte[] {
  0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
  0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
  0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
  0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
  0xFF, 0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x0E, 0x0F, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
  0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
  0xFF, 0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x0E, 0x0F, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
  0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
  0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
  0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
  0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
  0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
  0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
  0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
  0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,
  0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF
};

private static byte Lookup(char c)
{
  var b = LookupTable[c];
  if (b == 255)
    throw new IOException("Expected a hex character, got " + c);
  return b;
}

public static byte ToByte(char[] chars, int offset)
{
  return (byte)(Lookup(chars[offset]) << 4 | Lookup(chars[offset + 1]));
}

编码

private static readonly char[][] LookupTableUpper;
private static readonly char[][] LookupTableLower;

static Hex()
{
  LookupTableLower = new char[256][];
  LookupTableUpper = new char[256][];
  for (var i = 0; i < 256; i++)
  {
    LookupTableLower[i] = i.ToString("x2").ToCharArray();
    LookupTableUpper[i] = i.ToString("X2").ToCharArray();
  }
}

public static char[] ToCharLower(byte[] b, int bOffset)
{
  return LookupTableLower[b[bOffset]];
}

public static char[] ToCharUpper(byte[] b, int bOffset)
{
  return LookupTableUpper[b[bOffset]];
}

比较

StringBuilderToStringFromBytes:   106148
BitConverterToStringFromBytes:     15783
ArrayConvertAllToStringFromBytes:  54290
ByteManipulationToCharArray:        8444
TableBasedToCharArray:              5651 *

*这个解决方案

Note

在解码过程中,可能会发生IOException和IndexOutOfRangeException(如果字符的值太高>256)。应该实现对流或数组进行去/编码的方法,这只是概念的证明。

为了方便以后复制和粘贴,将几个答案合并到一个类中:

/// <summary>
/// Extension methods to quickly convert byte array to string and back.
/// </summary>
public static class HexConverter
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Map values to hex digits
    /// </summary>
    private static readonly char[] HexDigits =
        {
            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F'
        };

    /// <summary>
    /// Map 56 characters between ['0', 'F'] to their hex equivalents, and set invalid characters
    /// such that they will overflow byte to fail conversion.
    /// </summary>
    private static readonly ushort[] HexValues =
        {
            0x0000, 0x0001, 0x0002, 0x0003, 0x0004, 0x0005, 0x0006, 0x0007, 0x0008, 0x0009, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100,
            0x000A, 0x000B, 0x000C, 0x000D, 0x000E, 0x000F, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100,
            0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x0100, 0x000A, 0x000B,
            0x000C, 0x000D, 0x000E, 0x000F
        };

    /// <summary>
    /// Empty byte array 
    /// </summary>
    private static readonly byte[] Empty = new byte[0];

    /// <summary>
    /// Convert a byte array to a hexadecimal string.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="bytes">
    /// The input byte array.
    /// </param>
    /// <returns>
    /// A string of hexadecimal digits.
    /// </returns>
    public static string ToHexString(this byte[] bytes)
    {
        var c = new char[bytes.Length * 2];
        for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < bytes.Length; i++)
        {
            c[j++] = HexDigits[bytes[i] >> 4];
            c[j++] = HexDigits[bytes[i] & 0x0F];
        }

        return new string(c);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Parse a string of hexadecimal digits into a byte array.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="hexadecimalString">
    /// The hexadecimal string.
    /// </param>
    /// <returns>
    /// The parsed <see cref="byte[]"/> array.
    /// </returns>
    /// <exception cref="ArgumentException">
    /// The input string either contained invalid characters, or was of an odd length.
    /// </exception>
    public static byte[] ToByteArray(string hexadecimalString)
    {
        if (!TryParse(hexadecimalString, out var value))
        {
            throw new ArgumentException("Invalid hexadecimal string", nameof(hexadecimalString));
        }

        return value;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Parse a hexadecimal string to bytes
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="hexadecimalString">
    /// The hexadecimal string, which must be an even number of characters.
    /// </param>
    /// <param name="value">
    /// The parsed value if successful.
    /// </param>
    /// <returns>
    /// True if successful.
    /// </returns>
    public static bool TryParse(string hexadecimalString, out byte[] value)
    {
        if (hexadecimalString.Length == 0)
        {
            value = Empty;
            return true;
        }

        if (hexadecimalString.Length % 2 != 0)
        {
            value = Empty;
            return false;
        }

        try
        {

            value = new byte[hexadecimalString.Length / 2];
            for (int i = 0, j = 0; j < hexadecimalString.Length; i++)
            {
                value[i] = (byte)((HexValues[hexadecimalString[j++] - '0'] << 4)
                                  | HexValues[hexadecimalString[j++] - '0']);
            }

            return true;
        }
        catch (OverflowException)
        {
            value = Empty;
            return false;
        }
    }
}

支持最短路径和.net核心:

    public static string BytesToString(byte[] ba) =>
        ba.Aggregate(new StringBuilder(32), (sb, b) => sb.Append(b.ToString("X2"))).ToString();

对于插入SQL字符串(如果不使用命令参数):

public static String ByteArrayToSQLHexString(byte[] Source)
{
    return = "0x" + BitConverter.ToString(Source).Replace("-", "");
}