我倾向于不同意使用new“too much”的观点。尽管最初的海报使用new with system classes有点可笑。(int *我;I = new int[9999];?真的吗?int [9999];这样就清楚多了。)我想这就是让评论者生气的地方。

When you're working with system objects, it's very rare that you'd need more than one reference to the exact same object. As long as the value is the same, that's all that matters. And system objects don't typically take up much space in memory. (one byte per character, in a string). And if they do, the libraries should be designed to take that memory management into account (if they're written well). In these cases, (all but one or two of the news in his code), new is practically pointless and only serves to introduce confusions and potential for bugs.

When you're working with your own classes/objects, however (e.g. the original poster's Line class), then you have to begin thinking about the issues like memory footprint, persistence of data, etc. yourself. At this point, allowing multiple references to the same value is invaluable - it allows for constructs like linked lists, dictionaries, and graphs, where multiple variables need to not only have the same value, but reference the exact same object in memory. However, the Line class doesn't have any of those requirements. So the original poster's code actually has absolutely no needs for new.

核心原因是堆上的对象总是比简单值更难使用和管理。编写易于阅读和维护的代码始终是任何认真的程序员的首要任务。

另一种情况是，我们使用的库提供了值语义，使动态分配变得不必要。Std::string就是一个很好的例子。

然而，对于面向对象的代码，使用指针——这意味着使用new来预先创建指针——是必须的。为了简化资源管理的复杂性，我们有几十种工具使其尽可能简单，比如智能指针。基于对象的范式或泛型范式假设值语义，并需要更少或不需要新的，正如其他地方的海报所述。

传统的设计模式，尤其是GoF书中提到的那些，大量使用new，因为它们是典型的面向对象代码。

使用new时，对象被分配到堆中。它通常用于预期扩展时。当你声明一个对象，比如，

Class var;

它被放置在堆栈上。

你总是需要对你用new放在堆上的对象调用destroy。这就有可能导致内存泄漏。放在堆栈上的对象不容易发生内存泄漏!

我倾向于不同意使用new“too much”的观点。尽管最初的海报使用new with system classes有点可笑。(int *我;I = new int[9999];?真的吗?int [9999];这样就清楚多了。)我想这就是让评论者生气的地方。

When you're working with system objects, it's very rare that you'd need more than one reference to the exact same object. As long as the value is the same, that's all that matters. And system objects don't typically take up much space in memory. (one byte per character, in a string). And if they do, the libraries should be designed to take that memory management into account (if they're written well). In these cases, (all but one or two of the news in his code), new is practically pointless and only serves to introduce confusions and potential for bugs.

When you're working with your own classes/objects, however (e.g. the original poster's Line class), then you have to begin thinking about the issues like memory footprint, persistence of data, etc. yourself. At this point, allowing multiple references to the same value is invaluable - it allows for constructs like linked lists, dictionaries, and graphs, where multiple variables need to not only have the same value, but reference the exact same object in memory. However, the Line class doesn't have any of those requirements. So the original poster's code actually has absolutely no needs for new.

许多答案都涉及到各种性能考虑因素。我想解决让OP困惑的评论:

不要像Java程序员那样思考。

事实上，在Java中，正如这个问题的答案所解释的那样，

第一次显式创建对象时使用new关键字。

但在c++中，类型为T的对象是这样创建的:T{}(或T{ctor_argument1,ctor_arg2}对于带参数的构造函数)。这就是为什么通常你没有理由想要使用new。

那么，为什么要用它呢?有两个原因:

您需要创建许多值，这些值的数量在编译时是未知的。 由于c++实现在普通机器上的限制-通过分配太多空间来防止堆栈溢出，以常规方式创建值。

现在，除了你引用的评论暗示的内容之外，你应该注意到，即使是上面的两种情况也已经涵盖得很好了，而不必“求助”使用新的自己:

您可以使用来自标准库的容器类型，它们可以保存运行时可变数量的元素(如std::vector)。 您可以使用智能指针，它为您提供一个类似于new的指针，但确保在“指针”超出作用域的地方释放内存。

因此，在c++社区编码指南中，避免显式的new和delete是一个正式的条款:指南R.11。

新就是新目标。

Recall why goto is so reviled: while it is a powerful, low-level tool for flow control, people often used it in unnecessarily complicated ways that made code difficult to follow. Furthermore, the most useful and easiest to read patterns were encoded in structured programming statements (e.g. for or while); the ultimate effect is that the code where goto is the appropriate way to is rather rare, if you are tempted to write goto, you're probably doing things badly (unless you really know what you're doing).

New也类似——它经常被用来使事情变得不必要的复杂和难以阅读，最有用的使用模式可以被编码到各种各样的类中。此外，如果您需要使用任何新的使用模式，而这些模式还没有标准类，您可以编写自己的类来编码它们!

我甚至认为new比goto更糟糕，因为需要对new和delete语句进行配对。

像goto一样，如果您认为需要使用new，那么您可能做得很糟糕——特别是如果您在一个类的实现之外这样做，这个类的目的是封装您需要做的任何动态分配。