我有以下列举:

public enum AuthenticationMethod
{
    FORMS = 1,
    WINDOWSAUTHENTICATION = 2,
    SINGLESIGNON = 3
}

然而问题是,当我请求AuthenticationMethod时,我需要“FORMS”这个词。表单而不是id

对于这个问题,我找到了以下解决方案(链接):

首先,我需要创建一个自定义属性“StringValue”:

public class StringValue : System.Attribute
{
    private readonly string _value;

    public StringValue(string value)
    {
        _value = value;
    }

    public string Value
    {
        get { return _value; }
    }

}

然后我可以将这个属性添加到我的枚举器中:

public enum AuthenticationMethod
{
    [StringValue("FORMS")]
    FORMS = 1,
    [StringValue("WINDOWS")]
    WINDOWSAUTHENTICATION = 2,
    [StringValue("SSO")]
    SINGLESIGNON = 3
}

当然,我需要一些东西来检索StringValue:

public static class StringEnum
{
    public static string GetStringValue(Enum value)
    {
        string output = null;
        Type type = value.GetType();

        //Check first in our cached results...

        //Look for our 'StringValueAttribute' 

        //in the field's custom attributes

        FieldInfo fi = type.GetField(value.ToString());
        StringValue[] attrs =
           fi.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(StringValue),
                                   false) as StringValue[];
        if (attrs.Length > 0)
        {
            output = attrs[0].Value;
        }

        return output;
    }
}

很好,现在我已经有了工具来获取枚举器的字符串值。 然后我可以这样使用它:

string valueOfAuthenticationMethod = StringEnum.GetStringValue(AuthenticationMethod.FORMS);

好的,现在所有这些工作就像一个魅力,但我发现它有很多工作。我想知道有没有更好的解决办法。

我还尝试了一些字典和静态属性,但这也不是更好。


当前回答

选项1:

public sealed class FormsAuth
{
     public override string ToString{return "Forms Authtentication";}
}
public sealed class WindowsAuth
{
     public override string ToString{return "Windows Authtentication";}
}

public sealed class SsoAuth
{
     public override string ToString{return "SSO";}
}

然后

object auth = new SsoAuth(); //or whatever

//...
//...
// blablabla

DoSomethingWithTheAuth(auth.ToString());

选项2:

public enum AuthenticationMethod
{
        FORMS = 1,
        WINDOWSAUTHENTICATION = 2,
        SINGLESIGNON = 3
}

public class MyClass
{
    private Dictionary<AuthenticationMethod, String> map = new Dictionary<AuthenticationMethod, String>();
    public MyClass()
    {
         map.Add(AuthenticationMethod.FORMS,"Forms Authentication");
         map.Add(AuthenticationMethod.WINDOWSAUTHENTICATION ,"Windows Authentication");
         map.Add(AuthenticationMethod.SINGLESIGNON ,"SSo Authentication");
    }
}

其他回答

我使用一个扩展方法:

public static class AttributesHelperExtension
    {
        public static string ToDescription(this Enum value)
        {
            var da = (DescriptionAttribute[])(value.GetType().GetField(value.ToString())).GetCustomAttributes(typeof(DescriptionAttribute), false);
            return da.Length > 0 ? da[0].Description : value.ToString();
        }
}

现在用:

public enum AuthenticationMethod
{
    [Description("FORMS")]
    FORMS = 1,
    [Description("WINDOWSAUTHENTICATION")]
    WINDOWSAUTHENTICATION = 2,
    [Description("SINGLESIGNON ")]
    SINGLESIGNON = 3
}

当你打电话时

AuthenticationMethod.FORMS.ToDescription()将得到“FORMS”。

好吧,在阅读了以上所有内容后,我觉得这些家伙将枚举数转换为字符串的问题过于复杂了。 我喜欢在枚举字段上拥有属性的想法,但我认为属性主要用于元数据,但在你的情况下,我认为你所需要的只是某种本地化。

public enum Color 
{ Red = 1, Green = 2, Blue = 3}


public static EnumUtils 
{
   public static string GetEnumResourceString(object enumValue)
    {
        Type enumType = enumValue.GetType();
        string value = Enum.GetName(enumValue.GetType(), enumValue);
        string resourceKey = String.Format("{0}_{1}", enumType.Name, value);
        string result = Resources.Enums.ResourceManager.GetString(resourceKey);
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(result))
        {
            result = String.Format("{0}", value);
        }
        return result;
    }
}

现在如果我们尝试调用上面的方法,我们可以这样调用它

public void Foo()
{
  var col = Color.Red;
  Console.WriteLine (EnumUtils.GetEnumResourceString (col));
}

您所需要做的就是创建一个包含所有枚举值和相应字符串的资源文件

Resource Name          Resource Value
Color_Red              My String Color in Red
Color_Blue             Blueeey
Color_Green            Hulk Color

这样做的好处是,如果您需要本地化应用程序,它将非常有用,因为您所需要做的只是用新语言创建另一个资源文件!和Voe-la !

我的变体

public struct Colors
{
    private String current;

    private static string red = "#ff0000";
    private static string green = "#00ff00";
    private static string blue = "#0000ff";

    private static IList<String> possibleColors; 

    public static Colors Red { get { return (Colors) red; } }
    public static Colors Green { get { return (Colors) green; } }
    public static Colors Blue { get { return (Colors) blue; } }

    static Colors()
    {
        possibleColors = new List<string>() {red, green, blue};
    }

    public static explicit operator String(Colors value)
    {
        return value.current;
    }

    public static explicit operator Colors(String value)
    {
        if (!possibleColors.Contains(value))
        {
            throw new InvalidCastException();
        }

        Colors color = new Colors();
        color.current = value;
        return color;
    }

    public static bool operator ==(Colors left, Colors right)
    {
        return left.current == right.current;
    }

    public static bool operator !=(Colors left, Colors right)
    {
        return left.current != right.current;
    }

    public bool Equals(Colors other)
    {
        return Equals(other.current, current);
    }

    public override bool Equals(object obj)
    {
        if (ReferenceEquals(null, obj)) return false;
        if (obj.GetType() != typeof(Colors)) return false;
        return Equals((Colors)obj);
    }

    public override int GetHashCode()
    {
        return (current != null ? current.GetHashCode() : 0);
    }

    public override string ToString()
    {
        return current;
    }
}

代码看起来有点丑,但是这个结构体的用法很有代表性。

Colors color1 = Colors.Red;
Console.WriteLine(color1); // #ff0000

Colors color2 = (Colors) "#00ff00";
Console.WriteLine(color2); // #00ff00

// Colors color3 = "#0000ff"; // Compilation error
// String color4 = Colors.Red; // Compilation error

Colors color5 = (Colors)"#ff0000";
Console.WriteLine(color1 == color5); // True

Colors color6 = (Colors)"#00ff00";
Console.WriteLine(color1 == color6); // False

此外,我认为,如果需要大量这样的枚举,可能会使用代码生成(例如T4)。

您可以声明enum和字典,其中键将是枚举的值。以后,您可以参考字典来获取该值。因此,可以将形参作为枚举类型传递给函数,但要从字典中获取实际值:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace console_test
{
    class Program
    {
        #region SaveFormat
        internal enum SaveFormat
        {
            DOCX,
            PDF
        }

        internal static Dictionary<SaveFormat,string> DictSaveFormat = new Dictionary<SaveFormat, string>
        {
            { SaveFormat.DOCX,"This is value for DOCX enum item" },
            { SaveFormat.PDF,"This is value for PDF enum item" }
        };

        internal static void enum_value_test(SaveFormat save_format)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(DictSaveFormat[save_format]);
        }
        #endregion

        internal static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            enum_value_test(SaveFormat.DOCX);//Output: This is value for DOCX enum item
            Console.Write("Press any key to continue . . . ");
            Console.ReadKey(true);
        }
    }
}

我如何解决这个扩展方法:

using System.ComponentModel;
public static string GetDescription(this Enum value)
{
    var descriptionAttribute = (DescriptionAttribute)value.GetType()
        .GetField(value.ToString())
        .GetCustomAttributes(false)
        .Where(a => a is DescriptionAttribute)
        .FirstOrDefault();

    return descriptionAttribute != null ? descriptionAttribute.Description : value.ToString();
}

枚举:

public enum OrderType
{
    None = 0,
    [Description("New Card")]
    NewCard = 1,
    [Description("Reload")]
    Refill = 2
}

用法(其中o.OrderType是一个与enum同名的属性):

o.OrderType.GetDescription()

这给了我一个字符串的“新卡”或“重载”,而不是实际的enum值NewCard和重新填充。