给定一个位置的经度和纬度，如何知道该位置的有效时区?
在大多数情况下，我们正在寻找IANA/Olson时区id，尽管有些服务可能只返回UTC偏移量或其他一些时区标识符。详细信息请阅读时区标签信息。
当前回答
node.js的这个解决方案怎么样 https://github.com/mattbornski/tzwhere
和它的Python对等体: https://github.com/pegler/pytzwhere
其他回答
好的，这是没有正确NTP时间的短版本:
String get_xml_server_reponse(String server_url){
URL xml_server = null;
String xmltext = "";
InputStream input;
try {
xml_server = new URL(server_url);
try {
input = xml_server.openConnection().getInputStream();
final BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(input));
final StringBuilder sBuf = new StringBuilder();
String line = null;
try {
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
{
sBuf.append(line);
}
}
catch (IOException e)
{
Log.e(e.getMessage(), "XML parser, stream2string 1");
}
finally {
try {
input.close();
}
catch (IOException e)
{
Log.e(e.getMessage(), "XML parser, stream2string 2");
}
}
xmltext = sBuf.toString();
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
return xmltext;
}
long get_time_zone_time_l(GeoPoint gp){
String raw_offset = "";
String dst_offset = "";
double Longitude = gp.getLongitudeE6()/1E6;
double Latitude = gp.getLatitudeE6()/1E6;
long tsLong = System.currentTimeMillis()/1000;
if (tsLong != 0)
{
// https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/timezone/xml?location=39.6034810,-119.6822510×tamp=1331161200&sensor=false
String request = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/timezone/xml?location="+Latitude+","+ Longitude+ "×tamp="+tsLong +"&sensor=false";
String xmltext = get_xml_server_reponse(request);
if(xmltext.compareTo("")!= 0)
{
int startpos = xmltext.indexOf("<TimeZoneResponse");
xmltext = xmltext.substring(startpos);
XmlPullParser parser;
try {
parser = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance().newPullParser();
parser.setInput(new StringReader (xmltext));
int eventType = parser.getEventType();
String tagName = "";
while(eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
switch(eventType) {
case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:
tagName = parser.getName();
break;
case XmlPullParser.TEXT :
if (tagName.equalsIgnoreCase("raw_offset"))
if(raw_offset.compareTo("")== 0)
raw_offset = parser.getText();
if (tagName.equalsIgnoreCase("dst_offset"))
if(dst_offset.compareTo("")== 0)
dst_offset = parser.getText();
break;
}
try {
eventType = parser.next();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
erg += e.toString();
}
}
int ro = 0;
if(raw_offset.compareTo("")!= 0)
{
float rof = str_to_float(raw_offset);
ro = (int)rof;
}
int dof = 0;
if(dst_offset.compareTo("")!= 0)
{
float doff = str_to_float(dst_offset);
dof = (int)doff;
}
tsLong = (tsLong + ro + dof) * 1000;
}
return tsLong;
}
并将其用于:
GeoPoint gp = new GeoPoint(39.6034810,-119.6822510);
long Current_TimeZone_Time_l = get_time_zone_time_l(gp);
你可以使用geolocator.js轻松获得时区和更多…
它使用需要密钥的谷歌api。首先你配置geolocator
geolocator.config({
language: "en",
google: {
version: "3",
key: "YOUR-GOOGLE-API-KEY"
}
});
获取TimeZone，如果你有坐标:
geolocator.getTimeZone(options, function (err, timezone) {
console.log(err || timezone);
});
示例输出:
{
id: "Europe/Paris",
name: "Central European Standard Time",
abbr: "CEST",
dstOffset: 0,
rawOffset: 3600,
timestamp: 1455733120
}
定位，然后获得时区和更多
如果没有坐标，可以先定位用户位置。
下面的例子将首先尝试HTML5 Geolocation API来获取坐标。如果失败或被拒绝，它将通过Geo-IP查找获得坐标。最后，它将获得时区和更多…
var options = {
enableHighAccuracy: true,
timeout: 6000,
maximumAge: 0,
desiredAccuracy: 30,
fallbackToIP: true, // if HTML5 fails or rejected
addressLookup: true, // this will get full address information
timezone: true,
map: "my-map" // this will even create a map for you
};
geolocator.locate(options, function (err, location) {
console.log(err || location);
});
示例输出:
{
coords: {
latitude: 37.4224764,
longitude: -122.0842499,
accuracy: 30,
altitude: null,
altitudeAccuracy: null,
heading: null,
speed: null
},
address: {
commonName: "",
street: "Amphitheatre Pkwy",
route: "Amphitheatre Pkwy",
streetNumber: "1600",
neighborhood: "",
town: "",
city: "Mountain View",
region: "Santa Clara County",
state: "California",
stateCode: "CA",
postalCode: "94043",
country: "United States",
countryCode: "US"
},
formattedAddress: "1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA",
type: "ROOFTOP",
placeId: "ChIJ2eUgeAK6j4ARbn5u_wAGqWA",
timezone: {
id: "America/Los_Angeles",
name: "Pacific Standard Time",
abbr: "PST",
dstOffset: 0,
rawOffset: -28800
},
flag: "//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/flag-icon-css/2.3.1/flags/4x3/us.svg",
map: {
element: HTMLElement,
instance: Object, // google.maps.Map
marker: Object, // google.maps.Marker
infoWindow: Object, // google.maps.InfoWindow
options: Object // map options
},
timestamp: 1456795956380
}
我写了一个包https://github.com/ringsaturn/tzf支持获取时区在Go&Python和非常快:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/ringsaturn/tzf"
)
func main() {
finder, err := tzf.NewDefaultFinder()
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
fmt.Println(finder.GetTimezoneName(116.6386, 40.0786))
}
Python https://github.com/ringsaturn/tzfpy sample:
from tzfpy import get_tz
print(get_tz(121.4737, 31.2305))
Rust https://github.com/ringsaturn/tzf-rs样品:
use tzf_rs::DefaultFinder;
fn main() {
let finder = DefaultFinder::new();
print!("{:?}\n", DefaultFinder.get_tz_name(116.3883, 39.9289));
}
我们在Teleport刚刚开始开放我们的API，其中一个用例也是为坐标公开TZ信息。
例如，可以通过以下方式请求我们所有可用的TZ信息的坐标:
curl -s https://api.teleport.org/api/locations/59.4372,24.7453/?embed=location:nearest-cities/location:nearest-city/city:timezone/tz:offsets-now | jq '._embedded."location:nearest-cities"[0]._embedded."location:nearest-city"._embedded."city:timezone"'
这将返回以下内容
{
"_embedded": {
"tz:offsets-now": {
"_links": {
"self": {
"href": "https://api.teleport.org/api/timezones/iana:Europe%2FTallinn/offsets/?date=2015-09-07T11%3A20%3A09Z"
}
},
"base_offset_min": 120,
"dst_offset_min": 60,
"end_time": "2015-10-25T01:00:00Z",
"short_name": "EEST",
"total_offset_min": 180,
"transition_time": "2015-03-29T01:00:00Z"
}
},
"_links": {
"self": {
"href": "https://api.teleport.org/api/timezones/iana:Europe%2FTallinn/"
},
"tz:offsets": {
"href": "https://api.teleport.org/api/timezones/iana:Europe%2FTallinn/offsets/{?date}",
"templated": true
},
"tz:offsets-now": {
"href": "https://api.teleport.org/api/timezones/iana:Europe%2FTallinn/offsets/?date=2015-09-07T11%3A20%3A09Z"
}
},
"iana_name": "Europe/Tallinn"
}
在本例中，我使用./jq进行JSON解析。
尝试以下代码使用谷歌时区API从Java与当前NTP时间客户端和正确的UTC_Datetime_from_timestamp转换:
String get_xml_server_reponse(String server_url){
URL xml_server = null;
String xmltext = "";
InputStream input;
try {
xml_server = new URL(server_url);
try {
input = xml_server.openConnection().getInputStream();
final BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(input));
final StringBuilder sBuf = new StringBuilder();
String line = null;
try {
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
{
sBuf.append(line);
}
}
catch (IOException e)
{
Log.e(e.getMessage(), "XML parser, stream2string 1");
}
finally {
try {
input.close();
}
catch (IOException e)
{
Log.e(e.getMessage(), "XML parser, stream2string 2");
}
}
xmltext = sBuf.toString();
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
return xmltext;
}
private String get_UTC_Datetime_from_timestamp(long timeStamp){
try{
Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
TimeZone tz = cal.getTimeZone();
int tzt = tz.getOffset(System.currentTimeMillis());
timeStamp -= tzt;
// DateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss",Locale.getDefault());
DateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat();
Date netDate = (new Date(timeStamp));
return sdf.format(netDate);
}
catch(Exception ex){
return "";
}
}
class NTP_UTC_Time
{
private static final String TAG = "SntpClient";
private static final int RECEIVE_TIME_OFFSET = 32;
private static final int TRANSMIT_TIME_OFFSET = 40;
private static final int NTP_PACKET_SIZE = 48;
private static final int NTP_PORT = 123;
private static final int NTP_MODE_CLIENT = 3;
private static final int NTP_VERSION = 3;
// Number of seconds between Jan 1, 1900 and Jan 1, 1970
// 70 years plus 17 leap days
private static final long OFFSET_1900_TO_1970 = ((365L * 70L) + 17L) * 24L * 60L * 60L;
private long mNtpTime;
public boolean requestTime(String host, int timeout) {
try {
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
socket.setSoTimeout(timeout);
InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName(host);
byte[] buffer = new byte[NTP_PACKET_SIZE];
DatagramPacket request = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length, address, NTP_PORT);
buffer[0] = NTP_MODE_CLIENT | (NTP_VERSION << 3);
writeTimeStamp(buffer, TRANSMIT_TIME_OFFSET);
socket.send(request);
// read the response
DatagramPacket response = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length);
socket.receive(response);
socket.close();
mNtpTime = readTimeStamp(buffer, RECEIVE_TIME_OFFSET);
} catch (Exception e) {
// if (Config.LOGD) Log.d(TAG, "request time failed: " + e);
return false;
}
return true;
}
public long getNtpTime() {
return mNtpTime;
}
/**
* Reads an unsigned 32 bit big endian number from the given offset in the buffer.
*/
private long read32(byte[] buffer, int offset) {
byte b0 = buffer[offset];
byte b1 = buffer[offset+1];
byte b2 = buffer[offset+2];
byte b3 = buffer[offset+3];
// convert signed bytes to unsigned values
int i0 = ((b0 & 0x80) == 0x80 ? (b0 & 0x7F) + 0x80 : b0);
int i1 = ((b1 & 0x80) == 0x80 ? (b1 & 0x7F) + 0x80 : b1);
int i2 = ((b2 & 0x80) == 0x80 ? (b2 & 0x7F) + 0x80 : b2);
int i3 = ((b3 & 0x80) == 0x80 ? (b3 & 0x7F) + 0x80 : b3);
return ((long)i0 << 24) + ((long)i1 << 16) + ((long)i2 << 8) + (long)i3;
}
/**
* Reads the NTP time stamp at the given offset in the buffer and returns
* it as a system time (milliseconds since January 1, 1970).
*/
private long readTimeStamp(byte[] buffer, int offset) {
long seconds = read32(buffer, offset);
long fraction = read32(buffer, offset + 4);
return ((seconds - OFFSET_1900_TO_1970) * 1000) + ((fraction * 1000L) / 0x100000000L);
}
/**
* Writes 0 as NTP starttime stamp in the buffer. --> Then NTP returns Time OFFSET since 1900
*/
private void writeTimeStamp(byte[] buffer, int offset) {
int ofs = offset++;
for (int i=ofs;i<(ofs+8);i++)
buffer[i] = (byte)(0);
}
}
String get_time_zone_time(GeoPoint gp){
String erg = "";
String raw_offset = "";
String dst_offset = "";
double Longitude = gp.getLongitudeE6()/1E6;
double Latitude = gp.getLatitudeE6()/1E6;
long tsLong = 0; // System.currentTimeMillis()/1000;
NTP_UTC_Time client = new NTP_UTC_Time();
if (client.requestTime("pool.ntp.org", 2000)) {
tsLong = client.getNtpTime();
}
if (tsLong != 0)
{
tsLong = tsLong / 1000;
// https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/timezone/xml?location=39.6034810,-119.6822510×tamp=1331161200&sensor=false
String request = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/timezone/xml?location="+Latitude+","+ Longitude+ "×tamp="+tsLong +"&sensor=false";
String xmltext = get_xml_server_reponse(request);
if(xmltext.compareTo("")!= 0)
{
int startpos = xmltext.indexOf("<TimeZoneResponse");
xmltext = xmltext.substring(startpos);
XmlPullParser parser;
try {
parser = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance().newPullParser();
parser.setInput(new StringReader (xmltext));
int eventType = parser.getEventType();
String tagName = "";
while(eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
switch(eventType) {
case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:
tagName = parser.getName();
break;
case XmlPullParser.TEXT :
if (tagName.equalsIgnoreCase("raw_offset"))
if(raw_offset.compareTo("")== 0)
raw_offset = parser.getText();
if (tagName.equalsIgnoreCase("dst_offset"))
if(dst_offset.compareTo("")== 0)
dst_offset = parser.getText();
break;
}
try {
eventType = parser.next();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
erg += e.toString();
}
}
int ro = 0;
if(raw_offset.compareTo("")!= 0)
{
float rof = str_to_float(raw_offset);
ro = (int)rof;
}
int dof = 0;
if(dst_offset.compareTo("")!= 0)
{
float doff = str_to_float(dst_offset);
dof = (int)doff;
}
tsLong = (tsLong + ro + dof) * 1000;
erg = get_UTC_Datetime_from_timestamp(tsLong);
}
return erg;
}
并将其用于:
GeoPoint gp = new GeoPoint(39.6034810,-119.6822510);
String Current_TimeZone_Time = get_time_zone_time(gp);
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