如何从使用经纬度坐标的位置获得时区?

给定一个位置的经度和纬度，如何知道该位置的有效时区?

在大多数情况下，我们正在寻找IANA/Olson时区id，尽管有些服务可能只返回UTC偏移量或其他一些时区标识符。详细信息请阅读时区标签信息。

当前回答

2019-12-02 05:23:19

其他回答

尝试以下代码使用谷歌时区API从Java与当前NTP时间客户端和正确的UTC_Datetime_from_timestamp转换:

String get_xml_server_reponse(String server_url){

    URL xml_server = null;

    String xmltext = "";

    InputStream input;


    try {
        xml_server = new URL(server_url);


        try {
            input = xml_server.openConnection().getInputStream();


            final BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(input));
            final StringBuilder sBuf = new StringBuilder();

            String line = null;
            try {
                while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) 
                {
                    sBuf.append(line);
                }
               } 
            catch (IOException e) 
              {
                    Log.e(e.getMessage(), "XML parser, stream2string 1");
              } 
            finally {
                try {
                    input.close();
                    }
                catch (IOException e) 
                {
                    Log.e(e.getMessage(), "XML parser, stream2string 2");
                }
            }

            xmltext =  sBuf.toString();

        } catch (IOException e1) {

                e1.printStackTrace();
            }


        } catch (MalformedURLException e1) {

          e1.printStackTrace();
        }

     return  xmltext;

  }     


 private String get_UTC_Datetime_from_timestamp(long timeStamp){

    try{

        Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
        TimeZone tz = cal.getTimeZone();

        int tzt = tz.getOffset(System.currentTimeMillis());

        timeStamp -= tzt;

        // DateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss",Locale.getDefault());
        DateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat();
        Date netDate = (new Date(timeStamp));
        return sdf.format(netDate);
    }
    catch(Exception ex){
        return "";
     }
    } 

 class NTP_UTC_Time
 {
     private static final String TAG = "SntpClient";

     private static final int RECEIVE_TIME_OFFSET = 32;
     private static final int TRANSMIT_TIME_OFFSET = 40;
     private static final int NTP_PACKET_SIZE = 48;

     private static final int NTP_PORT = 123;
     private static final int NTP_MODE_CLIENT = 3;
     private static final int NTP_VERSION = 3;

     // Number of seconds between Jan 1, 1900 and Jan 1, 1970
     // 70 years plus 17 leap days
     private static final long OFFSET_1900_TO_1970 = ((365L * 70L) + 17L) * 24L * 60L * 60L;

     private long mNtpTime;

     public boolean requestTime(String host, int timeout) {
         try {
             DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
             socket.setSoTimeout(timeout);
             InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName(host);
             byte[] buffer = new byte[NTP_PACKET_SIZE];
             DatagramPacket request = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length, address, NTP_PORT);

             buffer[0] = NTP_MODE_CLIENT | (NTP_VERSION << 3);

             writeTimeStamp(buffer, TRANSMIT_TIME_OFFSET);

             socket.send(request);

             // read the response
             DatagramPacket response = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length);
             socket.receive(response);          
             socket.close();

             mNtpTime = readTimeStamp(buffer, RECEIVE_TIME_OFFSET);            
         } catch (Exception e) {
           //  if (Config.LOGD) Log.d(TAG, "request time failed: " + e);
             return false;
         }

         return true;
     }


     public long getNtpTime() {
         return mNtpTime;
     }


     /**
      * Reads an unsigned 32 bit big endian number from the given offset in the buffer.
      */
     private long read32(byte[] buffer, int offset) {
         byte b0 = buffer[offset];
         byte b1 = buffer[offset+1];
         byte b2 = buffer[offset+2];
         byte b3 = buffer[offset+3];

         // convert signed bytes to unsigned values
         int i0 = ((b0 & 0x80) == 0x80 ? (b0 & 0x7F) + 0x80 : b0);
         int i1 = ((b1 & 0x80) == 0x80 ? (b1 & 0x7F) + 0x80 : b1);
         int i2 = ((b2 & 0x80) == 0x80 ? (b2 & 0x7F) + 0x80 : b2);
         int i3 = ((b3 & 0x80) == 0x80 ? (b3 & 0x7F) + 0x80 : b3);

         return ((long)i0 << 24) + ((long)i1 << 16) + ((long)i2 << 8) + (long)i3;
     }

     /**
      * Reads the NTP time stamp at the given offset in the buffer and returns 
      * it as a system time (milliseconds since January 1, 1970).
      */    
     private long readTimeStamp(byte[] buffer, int offset) {
         long seconds = read32(buffer, offset);
         long fraction = read32(buffer, offset + 4);
         return ((seconds - OFFSET_1900_TO_1970) * 1000) + ((fraction * 1000L) / 0x100000000L);        
     }

     /**
      * Writes 0 as NTP starttime stamp in the buffer. --> Then NTP returns Time OFFSET since 1900
      */    
     private void writeTimeStamp(byte[] buffer, int offset) {        
         int ofs =  offset++;

         for (int i=ofs;i<(ofs+8);i++)
           buffer[i] = (byte)(0);             
     }

 }

 String get_time_zone_time(GeoPoint gp){

        String erg = "";
        String raw_offset = "";
        String dst_offset = "";

        double Longitude = gp.getLongitudeE6()/1E6;
        double Latitude = gp.getLatitudeE6()/1E6;



        long tsLong = 0; // System.currentTimeMillis()/1000;

        NTP_UTC_Time client = new NTP_UTC_Time();

        if (client.requestTime("pool.ntp.org", 2000)) {              
          tsLong = client.getNtpTime();
        }

        if (tsLong != 0)
        {

        tsLong = tsLong  / 1000;

        // https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/timezone/xml?location=39.6034810,-119.6822510&timestamp=1331161200&sensor=false

        String request = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/timezone/xml?location="+Latitude+","+ Longitude+ "&timestamp="+tsLong +"&sensor=false";

        String xmltext = get_xml_server_reponse(request);

        if(xmltext.compareTo("")!= 0)
        {

         int startpos = xmltext.indexOf("<TimeZoneResponse");
         xmltext = xmltext.substring(startpos);



        XmlPullParser parser;
        try {
            parser = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance().newPullParser();


             parser.setInput(new StringReader (xmltext));

             int eventType = parser.getEventType();  

             String tagName = "";


             while(eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                 switch(eventType) {

                     case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:

                           tagName = parser.getName();

                         break;


                     case XmlPullParser.TEXT :


                        if  (tagName.equalsIgnoreCase("raw_offset"))
                          if(raw_offset.compareTo("")== 0)                               
                            raw_offset = parser.getText();  

                        if  (tagName.equalsIgnoreCase("dst_offset"))
                          if(dst_offset.compareTo("")== 0)
                            dst_offset = parser.getText();  


                        break;   

                 }

                 try {
                        eventType = parser.next();
                    } catch (IOException e) {

                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }

                }

                } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

                    e.printStackTrace();
                    erg += e.toString();
                }

        }      

        int ro = 0;
        if(raw_offset.compareTo("")!= 0)
        { 
            float rof = str_to_float(raw_offset);
            ro = (int)rof;
        }

        int dof = 0;
        if(dst_offset.compareTo("")!= 0)
        { 
            float doff = str_to_float(dst_offset);
            dof = (int)doff;
        }

        tsLong = (tsLong + ro + dof) * 1000;



        erg = get_UTC_Datetime_from_timestamp(tsLong);
        }


  return erg;

}

并将其用于:

GeoPoint gp = new GeoPoint(39.6034810,-119.6822510);
String Current_TimeZone_Time = get_time_zone_time(gp);

2013-11-03 04:25:25

如果您想使用geonames.org，请使用这段代码。(但是geonames.org有时很慢)

String get_time_zone_time_geonames(GeoPoint gp){


        String erg = "";

        double Longitude = gp.getLongitudeE6()/1E6;
        double Latitude = gp.getLatitudeE6()/1E6;



        String request = "http://ws.geonames.org/timezone?lat="+Latitude+"&lng="+ Longitude+ "&style=full";

        URL time_zone_time = null;

        InputStream input;
       // final StringBuilder sBuf = new StringBuilder();


        try {
            time_zone_time = new URL(request);


        try {
            input = time_zone_time.openConnection().getInputStream();


        final BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(input));
            final StringBuilder sBuf = new StringBuilder();

            String line = null;
            try {
                while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                    sBuf.append(line);
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                    Log.e(e.getMessage(), "XML parser, stream2string 1");
            } finally {
                try {
                    input.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    Log.e(e.getMessage(), "XML parser, stream2string 2");
                }
            }




             String xmltext = sBuf.toString();


             int startpos = xmltext.indexOf("<geonames");
             xmltext = xmltext.substring(startpos);



            XmlPullParser parser;
            try {
                parser = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance().newPullParser();


            parser.setInput(new StringReader (xmltext));

            int eventType = parser.getEventType();  

            String tagName = "";

            while(eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                switch(eventType) {

                    case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:

                          tagName = parser.getName();

                        break;


                    case XmlPullParser.TEXT :


                        if  (tagName.equalsIgnoreCase("time"))
                          erg = parser.getText();  


                    break;   

                }

                try {
                    eventType = parser.next();
                } catch (IOException e) {

                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

            }

            } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

                e.printStackTrace();
                erg += e.toString();
            }



            } catch (IOException e1) {

                e1.printStackTrace();
            }


            } catch (MalformedURLException e1) {

                e1.printStackTrace();
            }





        return erg;

 }

并将其用于:

GeoPoint gp = new GeoPoint(39.6034810,-119.6822510);
String Current_TimeZone_Time = get_time_zone_time_geonames(gp);

2013-11-05 17:46:34

披露:我是下面描述的docker-image的作者

我将https://github.com/evansiroky/node-geo-tz包装在一个非常简单的docker-container中

https://hub.docker.com/repository/docker/tobias74/timezone-lookup

您可以启动docker容器

docker run -p 80:3000 tobias74/timezone-lookup:latest

这将公开端口3000上的本地主机上的查找服务。然后可以执行时区查找

curl "localhost:3000/timezone?latitude=12&longitude=34"

2020-06-18 12:41:47

时区位置Web服务

谷歌映射时区API 必应地图时区API Azure地图时区API GeoNames时区API TimeZoneDB API AskGeo -商业(但可以说比GeoNames更准确) 地理车库时区API -商业，专注于航海时区。

原始时区边界数据

Timezone Boundary Builder -从OpenStreetMaps地图数据中构建时区形状文件。包括海岸线附近的领海。

以下项目以前是时区边界数据的来源，但不再积极维护。

tz_world -来自Eric Muller的原始shapefile数据 whereonearth-timezone - GeoJSON版本与WOEDB数据合并

时区地理定位离线实现

使用时区边界生成器数据的实现

node-geo-tz - JavaScript library (Node.js only) timespace - JavaScript library tz-lookup-oss - JavaScript library GeoTimeZone - .NET library Geo-Timezone - PHP library timezonefinder - Python library ZoneDetect - C library Timeshape - Java library TimeZoneMap - Java and Android library lutz - R library go-tz - Go library Timezone lookup - Go library docker-timezone-lookup - docker container wrapping node-geo-tz tzf - Go library tzfpy - Python port of tzf library tzf-rs - Rust port of tzf library

使用较旧的tz_world数据的实现

latlong - Go库(也可以阅读这篇文章)。 TimeZoneMapper - Java库 tzwhere - JavaScript/节点库 pytzwhere - Python库 timezone_finder - Ruby库 LatLongToTimeZone - Java和Swift库现在几点了?-描述PHP和MongoDB的博客文章 rundel/timezone - R库

调用其中一个web服务的库

timezone -调用GeoNames的Ruby宝石 AskGeo有自己的库，用于从Java或。net进行调用 GeoNames拥有几乎所有东西的客户端库

自托管web服务

geo2tz -基于时区查找，可通过Docker image获得

其他的想法

找到最近有R-Tree的城市用MySQL找到最近的城市

如果您知道其他名单，请更新此名单

此外，请注意，最近的城市方法可能不会产生“正确”的结果，只是一个近似值。

转换到Windows区域

列出的大多数方法都将返回IANA时区id。如果您需要转换为Windows时区，以便与。net中的TimeZoneInfo类一起使用，请使用TimeZoneConverter库。

不要使用zone.tab

tz数据库包含一个名为zone.tab的文件。该文件主要用于显示时区列表，供用户从中选择。它包括每个时区参考点的纬度和经度坐标。这允许创建一个突出显示这些点的地图。例如，查看moment-timezone主页上显示的交互式地图。

虽然使用这些数据从纬度和经度坐标解析时区可能很诱人，但请考虑这些是点，而不是边界。最好的办法是确定最近的点，但在许多情况下，这并不是正确的点。

考虑下面的例子:

这两个方格表示不同的时区，其中每个方格中的黑点是参考位置，例如在zone.tab中可以找到的位置。蓝点表示我们试图为其寻找时区的位置。显然，这个位置位于左侧的橙色区域内，但如果我们只看距离参考点最近的距离，它将解析为右侧的绿色区域。

2013-04-18 15:24:09

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great-circle_distance

下面是一个使用JSON数据的很好的实现: https://github.com/agap/llttz

public TimeZone nearestTimeZone(Location node) {
    double bestDistance = Double.MAX_VALUE;
    Location bestGuess = timeZones.get(0);

    for (Location current : timeZones.subList(1, timeZones.size())) {
        double newDistance = distanceInKilometers(node, current);

        if (newDistance < bestDistance) {
            bestDistance = newDistance;
            bestGuess = current;
        }
    }

    return java.util.TimeZone.getTimeZone(bestGuess.getZone());
}

  protected double distanceInKilometers(final double latFrom, final double lonFrom, final double latTo, final double lonTo) {
        final double meridianLength = 111.1;
        return meridianLength * centralAngle(latFrom, lonFrom, latTo, lonTo);
    }

    protected double centralAngle(final Location from, final Location to) {
        return centralAngle(from.getLatitude(), from.getLongitude(), to.getLatitude(), to.getLongitude());
    }

    protected double centralAngle(final double latFrom, final double lonFrom, final double latTo, final double lonTo) {
        final double latFromRad = toRadians(latFrom),
                lonFromRad = toRadians(lonFrom),
                latToRad   = toRadians(latTo),
                lonToRad   = toRadians(lonTo);

        final double centralAngle = toDegrees(acos(sin(latFromRad) * sin(latToRad) + cos(latFromRad) * cos(latToRad) * cos(lonToRad - lonFromRad)));

        return centralAngle <= 180.0 ? centralAngle : (360.0 - centralAngle);
    }

    protected double distanceInKilometers(final Location from, final Location to) {
        return distanceInKilometers(from.getLatitude(), from.getLongitude(), to.getLatitude(), to.getLongitude());
    }
}

2015-08-19 10:44:07

如何从使用经纬度坐标的位置获得时区?

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