给定一个位置的经度和纬度,如何知道该位置的有效时区?

在大多数情况下,我们正在寻找IANA/Olson时区id,尽管有些服务可能只返回UTC偏移量或其他一些时区标识符。详细信息请阅读时区标签信息。


当前回答

我写了一个包https://github.com/ringsaturn/tzf支持获取时区在Go&Python和非常快:

package main

import (
    "fmt"

    "github.com/ringsaturn/tzf"
)

func main() {
    finder, err := tzf.NewDefaultFinder()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Println(finder.GetTimezoneName(116.6386, 40.0786))
}

Python https://github.com/ringsaturn/tzfpy sample:

from tzfpy import get_tz

print(get_tz(121.4737, 31.2305))

Rust https://github.com/ringsaturn/tzf-rs样品:

use tzf_rs::DefaultFinder;

fn main() {
    let finder = DefaultFinder::new();

    print!("{:?}\n", DefaultFinder.get_tz_name(116.3883, 39.9289));
}

其他回答

尝试以下代码使用谷歌时区API从Java与当前NTP时间客户端和正确的UTC_Datetime_from_timestamp转换:

String get_xml_server_reponse(String server_url){

    URL xml_server = null;

    String xmltext = "";

    InputStream input;


    try {
        xml_server = new URL(server_url);


        try {
            input = xml_server.openConnection().getInputStream();


            final BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(input));
            final StringBuilder sBuf = new StringBuilder();

            String line = null;
            try {
                while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) 
                {
                    sBuf.append(line);
                }
               } 
            catch (IOException e) 
              {
                    Log.e(e.getMessage(), "XML parser, stream2string 1");
              } 
            finally {
                try {
                    input.close();
                    }
                catch (IOException e) 
                {
                    Log.e(e.getMessage(), "XML parser, stream2string 2");
                }
            }

            xmltext =  sBuf.toString();

        } catch (IOException e1) {

                e1.printStackTrace();
            }


        } catch (MalformedURLException e1) {

          e1.printStackTrace();
        }

     return  xmltext;

  }     


 private String get_UTC_Datetime_from_timestamp(long timeStamp){

    try{

        Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
        TimeZone tz = cal.getTimeZone();

        int tzt = tz.getOffset(System.currentTimeMillis());

        timeStamp -= tzt;

        // DateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss",Locale.getDefault());
        DateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat();
        Date netDate = (new Date(timeStamp));
        return sdf.format(netDate);
    }
    catch(Exception ex){
        return "";
     }
    } 

 class NTP_UTC_Time
 {
     private static final String TAG = "SntpClient";

     private static final int RECEIVE_TIME_OFFSET = 32;
     private static final int TRANSMIT_TIME_OFFSET = 40;
     private static final int NTP_PACKET_SIZE = 48;

     private static final int NTP_PORT = 123;
     private static final int NTP_MODE_CLIENT = 3;
     private static final int NTP_VERSION = 3;

     // Number of seconds between Jan 1, 1900 and Jan 1, 1970
     // 70 years plus 17 leap days
     private static final long OFFSET_1900_TO_1970 = ((365L * 70L) + 17L) * 24L * 60L * 60L;

     private long mNtpTime;

     public boolean requestTime(String host, int timeout) {
         try {
             DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
             socket.setSoTimeout(timeout);
             InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName(host);
             byte[] buffer = new byte[NTP_PACKET_SIZE];
             DatagramPacket request = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length, address, NTP_PORT);

             buffer[0] = NTP_MODE_CLIENT | (NTP_VERSION << 3);

             writeTimeStamp(buffer, TRANSMIT_TIME_OFFSET);

             socket.send(request);

             // read the response
             DatagramPacket response = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length);
             socket.receive(response);          
             socket.close();

             mNtpTime = readTimeStamp(buffer, RECEIVE_TIME_OFFSET);            
         } catch (Exception e) {
           //  if (Config.LOGD) Log.d(TAG, "request time failed: " + e);
             return false;
         }

         return true;
     }


     public long getNtpTime() {
         return mNtpTime;
     }


     /**
      * Reads an unsigned 32 bit big endian number from the given offset in the buffer.
      */
     private long read32(byte[] buffer, int offset) {
         byte b0 = buffer[offset];
         byte b1 = buffer[offset+1];
         byte b2 = buffer[offset+2];
         byte b3 = buffer[offset+3];

         // convert signed bytes to unsigned values
         int i0 = ((b0 & 0x80) == 0x80 ? (b0 & 0x7F) + 0x80 : b0);
         int i1 = ((b1 & 0x80) == 0x80 ? (b1 & 0x7F) + 0x80 : b1);
         int i2 = ((b2 & 0x80) == 0x80 ? (b2 & 0x7F) + 0x80 : b2);
         int i3 = ((b3 & 0x80) == 0x80 ? (b3 & 0x7F) + 0x80 : b3);

         return ((long)i0 << 24) + ((long)i1 << 16) + ((long)i2 << 8) + (long)i3;
     }

     /**
      * Reads the NTP time stamp at the given offset in the buffer and returns 
      * it as a system time (milliseconds since January 1, 1970).
      */    
     private long readTimeStamp(byte[] buffer, int offset) {
         long seconds = read32(buffer, offset);
         long fraction = read32(buffer, offset + 4);
         return ((seconds - OFFSET_1900_TO_1970) * 1000) + ((fraction * 1000L) / 0x100000000L);        
     }

     /**
      * Writes 0 as NTP starttime stamp in the buffer. --> Then NTP returns Time OFFSET since 1900
      */    
     private void writeTimeStamp(byte[] buffer, int offset) {        
         int ofs =  offset++;

         for (int i=ofs;i<(ofs+8);i++)
           buffer[i] = (byte)(0);             
     }

 }

 String get_time_zone_time(GeoPoint gp){

        String erg = "";
        String raw_offset = "";
        String dst_offset = "";

        double Longitude = gp.getLongitudeE6()/1E6;
        double Latitude = gp.getLatitudeE6()/1E6;



        long tsLong = 0; // System.currentTimeMillis()/1000;

        NTP_UTC_Time client = new NTP_UTC_Time();

        if (client.requestTime("pool.ntp.org", 2000)) {              
          tsLong = client.getNtpTime();
        }

        if (tsLong != 0)
        {

        tsLong = tsLong  / 1000;

        // https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/timezone/xml?location=39.6034810,-119.6822510&timestamp=1331161200&sensor=false

        String request = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/timezone/xml?location="+Latitude+","+ Longitude+ "&timestamp="+tsLong +"&sensor=false";

        String xmltext = get_xml_server_reponse(request);

        if(xmltext.compareTo("")!= 0)
        {

         int startpos = xmltext.indexOf("<TimeZoneResponse");
         xmltext = xmltext.substring(startpos);



        XmlPullParser parser;
        try {
            parser = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance().newPullParser();


             parser.setInput(new StringReader (xmltext));

             int eventType = parser.getEventType();  

             String tagName = "";


             while(eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                 switch(eventType) {

                     case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:

                           tagName = parser.getName();

                         break;


                     case XmlPullParser.TEXT :


                        if  (tagName.equalsIgnoreCase("raw_offset"))
                          if(raw_offset.compareTo("")== 0)                               
                            raw_offset = parser.getText();  

                        if  (tagName.equalsIgnoreCase("dst_offset"))
                          if(dst_offset.compareTo("")== 0)
                            dst_offset = parser.getText();  


                        break;   

                 }

                 try {
                        eventType = parser.next();
                    } catch (IOException e) {

                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }

                }

                } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

                    e.printStackTrace();
                    erg += e.toString();
                }

        }      

        int ro = 0;
        if(raw_offset.compareTo("")!= 0)
        { 
            float rof = str_to_float(raw_offset);
            ro = (int)rof;
        }

        int dof = 0;
        if(dst_offset.compareTo("")!= 0)
        { 
            float doff = str_to_float(dst_offset);
            dof = (int)doff;
        }

        tsLong = (tsLong + ro + dof) * 1000;



        erg = get_UTC_Datetime_from_timestamp(tsLong);
        }


  return erg;

}

并将其用于:

GeoPoint gp = new GeoPoint(39.6034810,-119.6822510);
String Current_TimeZone_Time = get_time_zone_time(gp);

function jsonpRequest(url, data) { let params = ""; for (let key in data) { if (data.hasOwnProperty(key)) { if (params.length == 0) { params += "?"; } else { params += "&"; } let encodedKey = encodeURIComponent(key); let encodedValue = encodeURIComponent(data[key]); params += encodedKey + "=" + encodedValue; } } let script = document.createElement('script'); script.src = url + params; document.body.appendChild(script); } function getLocation() { if (navigator.geolocation) { navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(showPosition); } else { x.innerHTML = "Geolocation is not supported by this browser."; } } let lat_ini=[]; let lon_ini=[]; function showPosition(position) { lat_ini= position.coords.latitude; lon_ini= position.coords.longitude; } ////delay time between lines function sleep(ms) { return new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, ms)); } /////// function getGMT() { getfinalGMT() getLocation() async function sample() { await sleep(2000); let lat_str=lat_ini.toString(); let lng_str=" "+lon_ini.toString(); let url = "https://api.opencagedata.com/geocode/v1/json"; let data = { callback: "displayGMT", q: lat_str + lng_str, key: "fac4471073a347019196c1291e6a97d7" } jsonpRequest(url, data) } sample(); } let your_GMT=[]; function displayGMT(data) { your_GMT=(Number(data.results[0].annotations.timezone.offset_string)) console.log(your_GMT) } ///// function getfinalGMT() { let lat=document.getElementById("lat_id").value; let lng=document.getElementById("lng_id").value; let lat_str=lat.toString(); let lng_str=" "+lng.toString(); let url = "https://api.opencagedata.com/geocode/v1/json"; let data = { callback: "displayfinalGMT", q: lat + lng_str, key: "fac4471073a347019196c1291e6a97d7" } jsonpRequest(url, data) } let final_GMT=[]; function displayfinalGMT(data) { final_GMT=(Number(data.results[0].annotations.timezone.offset_string)) console.log(final_GMT) } /////clock const hourHand = document.querySelector('[data-hour-hand]') const minuteHand = document.querySelector('[data-minute-hand]') const secondHand = document.querySelector('[data-second-hand]') let dif_overall=[]; function setClock() { let gmt_diff=Number(your_GMT-final_GMT)/100 if (gmt_diff>12){ dif_overall=gmt_diff-12 } else{ dif_overall=gmt_diff } console.log(dif_overall) const currentDate = new Date() const secondsRatio = currentDate.getSeconds() / 60 const minutesRatio = (secondsRatio + currentDate.getMinutes()) / 60 const hoursRatio = (minutesRatio + currentDate.getHours() - dif_overall ) / 12 setRotation(secondHand, secondsRatio) setRotation(minuteHand, minutesRatio) setRotation(hourHand, hoursRatio) } function setRotation(element, rotationRatio) { element.style.setProperty('--rotation', rotationRatio * 360) } function activate_clock(){ setClock() setInterval(setClock, 1000) } *, *::after, *::before { box-sizing: border-box; } body { background: linear-gradient(to right, hsl(200, 100%, 50%), hsl(175, 100%, 50%)); display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; min-height: 100vh; overflow: hidden; } .clock { width: 200px; height: 200px; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .8); border-radius: 50%; border: 2px solid black; position: relative; } .clock .number { --rotation: 0; position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 100%; text-align: center; transform: rotate(var(--rotation)); font-size: 1.5rem; } .clock .number1 { --rotation: 30deg; } .clock .number2 { --rotation: 60deg; } .clock .number3 { --rotation: 90deg; } .clock .number4 { --rotation: 120deg; } .clock .number5 { --rotation: 150deg; } .clock .number6 { --rotation: 180deg; } .clock .number7 { --rotation: 210deg; } .clock .number8 { --rotation: 240deg; } .clock .number9 { --rotation: 270deg; } .clock .number10 { --rotation: 300deg; } .clock .number11 { --rotation: 330deg; } .clock .hand { --rotation: 0; position: absolute; bottom: 50%; left: 50%; border: 1px solid white; border-top-left-radius: 10px; border-top-right-radius: 10px; transform-origin: bottom; z-index: 10; transform: translateX(-50%) rotate(calc(var(--rotation) * 1deg)); } .clock::after { content: ''; position: absolute; background-color: black; z-index: 11; width: 15px; height: 15px; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); border-radius: 50%; } .clock .hand.second { width: 3px; height: 45%; background-color: red; } .clock .hand.minute { width: 7px; height: 40%; background-color: black; } .clock .hand.hour { width: 10px; height: 35%; background-color: black; } /* Background Styles Only */ @import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Raleway'); * { font-family: Raleway; } .side-links { position: absolute; top: 15px; right: 15px; } .side-link { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; text-decoration: none; margin-bottom: 10px; color: white; width: 180px; padding: 10px 0; border-radius: 10px; } .side-link-youtube { background-color: red; } .side-link-twitter { background-color: #1DA1F2; } .side-link-github { background-color: #6e5494; } .side-link-text { margin-left: 10px; font-size: 18px; } .side-link-icon { color: white; font-size: 30px; } <input type="text" id="lat_id" placeholder="lat"><br><br> <input type="text" id="lng_id" placeholder="lng"><br><br> <button class="text" onClick="getLocation()">Location</button> <button class="text" onClick="getGMT()"> GMT</button> <button class="text" onClick="activate_clock()"> Activate</button> <div class="clock"> <div class="hand hour" data-hour-hand></div> <div class="hand minute" data-minute-hand></div> <div class="hand second" data-second-hand></div> <div class="number number1">1</div> <div class="number number2">2</div> <div class="number number3">3</div> <div class="number number4">4</div> <div class="number number5">5</div> <div class="number number6">6</div> <div class="number number7">7</div> <div class="number number8">8</div> <div class="number number9">9</div> <div class="number number10">10</div> <div class="number number11">11</div> <div class="number number12">12</div> </div>

There are several sources online that have geojson data for timezones (here's one, here's another) Use a geometry library to create polygon objects from the geojson coordinates (shapely [python], GEOS [c++], JTS [java], NTS [.net]). Convert your lat/lng to a point object (however your library represents that) and check if it intersects the timezone polygon. from shapely.geometry import Polygon, Point def get_tz_from_lat_lng(lat, lng): for tz, geojson in timezones.iteritems(): coordinates = geojson['features'][0]['geometry']['coordinates'] polygon = Polygon(coordinates) point = Point(lng, lat) if polygon.contains(point): return tz

我们在Teleport刚刚开始开放我们的API,其中一个用例也是为坐标公开TZ信息。

例如,可以通过以下方式请求我们所有可用的TZ信息的坐标:

curl -s https://api.teleport.org/api/locations/59.4372,24.7453/?embed=location:nearest-cities/location:nearest-city/city:timezone/tz:offsets-now | jq '._embedded."location:nearest-cities"[0]._embedded."location:nearest-city"._embedded."city:timezone"'

这将返回以下内容

{
  "_embedded": {
    "tz:offsets-now": {
      "_links": {
        "self": {
          "href": "https://api.teleport.org/api/timezones/iana:Europe%2FTallinn/offsets/?date=2015-09-07T11%3A20%3A09Z"
        }
      },
      "base_offset_min": 120,
      "dst_offset_min": 60,
      "end_time": "2015-10-25T01:00:00Z",
      "short_name": "EEST",
      "total_offset_min": 180,
      "transition_time": "2015-03-29T01:00:00Z"
    }
  },
  "_links": {
    "self": {
      "href": "https://api.teleport.org/api/timezones/iana:Europe%2FTallinn/"
    },
    "tz:offsets": {
      "href": "https://api.teleport.org/api/timezones/iana:Europe%2FTallinn/offsets/{?date}",
      "templated": true
    },
    "tz:offsets-now": {
      "href": "https://api.teleport.org/api/timezones/iana:Europe%2FTallinn/offsets/?date=2015-09-07T11%3A20%3A09Z"
    }
  },
  "iana_name": "Europe/Tallinn"
}

在本例中,我使用./jq进行JSON解析。

如果你不想使用web服务,你可以像这样从浏览器中检索信息:

var d = new Date();
var usertime = d.toLocaleString();

//some browsers / OSs provide the timezone name in their local string
var tzsregex = /\b(ACDT|ACST|ACT|ADT|AEDT|AEST|AFT|AKDT|AKST|AMST|AMT|ART|AST|AWDT|AWST|AZOST|AZT|BDT|BIOT|BIT|BOT|BRT|BST|BTT|CAT|CCT|CDT|CEDT|CEST|CET|CHADT|CHAST|CIST|CKT|CLST|CLT|COST|COT|CST|CT|CVT|CXT|CHST|DFT|EAST|EAT|ECT|EDT|EEDT|EEST|EET|EST|FJT|FKST|FKT|GALT|GET|GFT|GILT|GIT|GMT|GST|GYT|HADT|HAEC|HAST|HKT|HMT|HST|ICT|IDT|IRKT|IRST|IST|JST|KRAT|KST|LHST|LINT|MART|MAGT|MDT|MET|MEST|MIT|MSD|MSK|MST|MUT|MYT|NDT|NFT|NPT|NST|NT|NZDT|NZST|OMST|PDT|PETT|PHOT|PKT|PST|RET|SAMT|SAST|SBT|SCT|SGT|SLT|SST|TAHT|THA|UYST|UYT|VET|VLAT|WAT|WEDT|WEST|WET|WST|YAKT|YEKT)\b/gi;

//in other browsers the timezone needs to be estimated based on the offset
var timezonenames = {"UTC+0":"GMT","UTC+1":"CET","UTC+2":"EET","UTC+3":"EEDT","UTC+3.5":"IRST","UTC+4":"MSD","UTC+4.5":"AFT","UTC+5":"PKT","UTC+5.5":"IST","UTC+6":"BST","UTC+6.5":"MST","UTC+7":"THA","UTC+8":"AWST","UTC+9":"AWDT","UTC+9.5":"ACST","UTC+10":"AEST","UTC+10.5":"ACDT","UTC+11":"AEDT","UTC+11.5":"NFT","UTC+12":"NZST","UTC-1":"AZOST","UTC-2":"GST","UTC-3":"BRT","UTC-3.5":"NST","UTC-4":"CLT","UTC-4.5":"VET","UTC-5":"EST","UTC-6":"CST","UTC-7":"MST","UTC-8":"PST","UTC-9":"AKST","UTC-9.5":"MIT","UTC-10":"HST","UTC-11":"SST","UTC-12":"BIT"};

var timezone = usertime.match(tzsregex);
if (timezone) {
    timezone = timezone[timezone.length-1];
} else {
    var offset = -1*d.getTimezoneOffset()/60;
    offset = "UTC" + (offset >= 0 ? "+" + offset : offset);
    timezone = timezonenames[offset];
}

//there are 3 variables can use to see the timezone
// usertime - full date
// offset - UTC offset time
// timezone - country

console.log('Full Date: ' + usertime);
console.log('UTC Offset: ' + offset);
console.log('Country Code Timezone: ' + timezone);

在我目前的情况下,它是打印:

日期:“27”/“01”/“2014”:“16”:“53”:“37” UTC偏移量:UTC-3 国家代码时区:BRT

希望对大家有所帮助。