你可以使用ANSI颜色代码。

使用这些函数。

enum c_color{BLACK=30,RED=31,GREEN=32,YELLOW=33,BLUE=34,MAGENTA=35,CYAN=36,WHITE=37};
enum c_decoration{NORMAL=0,BOLD=1,FAINT=2,ITALIC=3,UNDERLINE=4,RIVERCED=26,FRAMED=51};
void pr(const string str,c_color color,c_decoration decoration=c_decoration::NORMAL){
  cout<<"\033["<<decoration<<";"<<color<<"m"<<str<<"\033[0m";
}

void prl(const string str,c_color color,c_decoration decoration=c_decoration::NORMAL){
   cout<<"\033["<<decoration<<";"<<color<<"m"<<str<<"\033[0m"<<endl;
}

您需要输出ANSI颜色代码。注意，并非所有终端都支持此功能;如果不支持颜色序列，就会显示垃圾。

例子:

 cout << "\033[1;31mbold red text\033[0m\n";

这里，\033是ESC字符，ASCII 27。它后面跟着[，然后是0个或多个用;隔开的数字，最后是字母m。这些数字描述了从这一点开始切换的颜色和格式。

前景色和背景色的代码如下:

         foreground background
black        30         40
red          31         41
green        32         42
yellow       33         43
blue         34         44
magenta      35         45
cyan         36         46
white        37         47

此外，你可以使用这些:

reset             0  (everything back to normal)
bold/bright       1  (often a brighter shade of the same colour)
underline         4
inverse           7  (swap foreground and background colours)
bold/bright off  21
underline off    24
inverse off      27

有关其他不太受广泛支持的代码，请参见维基百科上的表格。

要确定您的终端是否支持颜色序列，请读取TERM环境变量的值。它应该指定所使用的特定终端类型(例如vt100、gnome-terminal、xterm、screen……)。然后在terminfo数据库中查找;检查颜色能力。

gon1332头文件的扩展版本:

//
//  COLORS.h
//
//  Posted by Gon1332 May 15 2015 on StackOverflow
//  https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2616906/how-do-i-output-coloured-text-to-a-linux-terminal#2616912
//
//  Description: An easy header file to make colored text output to terminal second nature.
//  Modified by Shades Aug. 14 2018

// PLEASE carefully read comments before using this tool, this will save you a lot of bugs that are going to be just about impossible to find.
#ifndef COLORS_h
#define COLORS_h

/* FOREGROUND */
// These codes set the actual text to the specified color
#define RESETTEXT  "\x1B[0m" // Set all colors back to normal.
#define FOREBLK  "\x1B[30m" // Black
#define FORERED  "\x1B[31m" // Red
#define FOREGRN  "\x1B[32m" // Green
#define FOREYEL  "\x1B[33m" // Yellow
#define FOREBLU  "\x1B[34m" // Blue
#define FOREMAG  "\x1B[35m" // Magenta
#define FORECYN  "\x1B[36m" // Cyan
#define FOREWHT  "\x1B[37m" // White

/* BACKGROUND */
// These codes set the background color behind the text.
#define BACKBLK "\x1B[40m"
#define BACKRED "\x1B[41m"
#define BACKGRN "\x1B[42m"
#define BACKYEL "\x1B[43m"
#define BACKBLU "\x1B[44m"
#define BACKMAG "\x1B[45m"
#define BACKCYN "\x1B[46m"
#define BACKWHT "\x1B[47m"

// These will set the text color and then set it back to normal afterwards.
#define BLK(x) FOREBLK x RESETTEXT
#define RED(x) FORERED x RESETTEXT
#define GRN(x) FOREGRN x RESETTEXT
#define YEL(x) FOREYEL x RESETTEXT
#define BLU(x) FOREBLU x RESETTEXT
#define MAG(x) FOREMAG x RESETTEXT
#define CYN(x) FORECYN x RESETTEXT
#define WHT(x) FOREWHT x RESETTEXT

// Example usage: cout << BLU("This text's color is now blue!") << endl;

// These will set the text's background color then reset it back.
#define BackBLK(x) BACKBLK x RESETTEXT
#define BackRED(x) BACKRED x RESETTEXT
#define BackGRN(x) BACKGRN x RESETTEXT
#define BackYEL(x) BACKYEL x RESETTEXT
#define BackBLU(x) BACKBLU x RESETTEXT
#define BackMAG(x) BACKMAG x RESETTEXT
#define BackCYN(x) BACKCYN x RESETTEXT
#define BackWHT(x) BACKWHT x RESETTEXT

// Example usage: cout << BACKRED(FOREBLU("I am blue text on a red background!")) << endl;

// These functions will set the background to the specified color indefinitely.
// NOTE: These do NOT call RESETTEXT afterwards. Thus, they will set the background color indefinitely until the user executes cout << RESETTEXT
// OR if a function is used that calles RESETTEXT i.e. cout << RED("Hello World!") will reset the background color since it calls RESETTEXT.
// To set text COLOR indefinitely, see SetFore functions below.
#define SetBackBLK BACKBLK
#define SetBackRED BACKRED
#define SetBackGRN BACKGRN
#define SetBackYEL BACKYEL
#define SetBackBLU BACKBLU
#define SetBackMAG BACKMAG
#define SetBackCYN BACKCYN
#define SetBackWHT BACKWHT

// Example usage: cout << SetBackRED << "This text's background and all text after it will be red until RESETTEXT is called in some way" << endl;

// These functions will set the text color until RESETTEXT is called. (See above comments)
#define SetForeBLK FOREBLK
#define SetForeRED FORERED
#define SetForeGRN FOREGRN
#define SetForeYEL FOREYEL
#define SetForeBLU FOREBLU
#define SetForeMAG FOREMAG
#define SetForeCYN FORECYN
#define SetForeWHT FOREWHT

// Example usage: cout << SetForeRED << "This text and all text after it will be red until RESETTEXT is called in some way" << endl;

#define BOLD(x) "\x1B[1m" x RESETTEXT // Embolden text then reset it.
#define BRIGHT(x) "\x1B[1m" x RESETTEXT // Brighten text then reset it. (Same as bold but is available for program clarity)
#define UNDL(x) "\x1B[4m" x RESETTEXT // Underline text then reset it.

// Example usage: cout << BOLD(BLU("I am bold blue text!")) << endl;

// These functions will embolden or underline text indefinitely until RESETTEXT is called in some way.

#define SetBOLD "\x1B[1m" // Embolden text indefinitely.
#define SetBRIGHT "\x1B[1m" // Brighten text indefinitely. (Same as bold but is available for program clarity)
#define SetUNDL "\x1B[4m" // Underline text indefinitely.

// Example usage: cout << setBOLD << "I and all text after me will be BOLD/Bright until RESETTEXT is called in some way!" << endl;

#endif /* COLORS_h */

正如你所看到的，它有更多的功能，比如临时、无限期地设置背景颜色，以及其他功能。我也相信它对初学者更友好，更容易记住所有的函数。

#include <iostream>
#include "COLORS.h"

int main() {
  std::cout << SetBackBLU << SetForeRED << endl;
  std::cout << "I am red text on a blue background! :) " << endl;
  return 0;
}

只需在项目中包含头文件，就可以使用彩色终端输出了。

你可以使用转义序列，如果你的终端支持的话。例如:

echo \[\033[32m\]Hello, \[\033[36m\]colourful \[\033[33mworld!\033[0m\]

你可以使用ANSI颜色代码。

使用这些函数。

enum c_color{BLACK=30,RED=31,GREEN=32,YELLOW=33,BLUE=34,MAGENTA=35,CYAN=36,WHITE=37};
enum c_decoration{NORMAL=0,BOLD=1,FAINT=2,ITALIC=3,UNDERLINE=4,RIVERCED=26,FRAMED=51};
void pr(const string str,c_color color,c_decoration decoration=c_decoration::NORMAL){
  cout<<"\033["<<decoration<<";"<<color<<"m"<<str<<"\033[0m";
}

void prl(const string str,c_color color,c_decoration decoration=c_decoration::NORMAL){
   cout<<"\033["<<decoration<<";"<<color<<"m"<<str<<"\033[0m"<<endl;
}

我知道这个问题很老了，但我把这个答案贴出来给未来的读者。我用c++写了一个用于彩色输出的库。这使用操纵者，使工作容易支持跨平台，但没有在这里测试是如何使用这个，

#include "srilakshmikanthanp/ANSI.hpp"

using namespace srilakshmikanthanp;

3位和4位颜色:

// background
std::cout << ansi::BGyellow;
// foreground
std::cout << ansi::FGblue;
// output
std::cout << "Blue on yellow";
// reset
std::cout << ansi::reset;

8位颜色:

// background
std::cout << ansi::BGcolor(157);
// foreground
std::cout << ansi::FGcolor(100);
// outpt
std::cout << "8 bit color";
// reset
std::cout << ansi::reset;

24位颜色:

// background
std::cout << ansi::BGcolor(0, 255, 0);
// foreground
std::cout << ansi::FGcolor(0, 0, 255);
// output
std::cout << "24 bit color";
// reset
std::cout << ansi::reset;

字符串:

使用ansi::str可以很容易地将这个操作符转换为字符串

std::string BGyellow = ansi::str(ansi::BGyellow);
std::string FGblue = ansi::str(ansi::FGblue);
std::string reset = ansi::str(ansi::reset);

std::cout << BGyelow;
// foreground
std::cout << FGblue;
// output
std::cout << "Blue on Yellow";
// reset
std::cout << reset;

你可以在github上找到更多的信息:)