在你输出任何你需要的颜色之前，确保你在一个终端:

[ -t 1 ] && echo 'Yes I am in a terminal'  # isatty(3) call in C

然后你需要检查终端能力，如果它支持颜色

在使用terminfo(基于Linux)的系统上，您可以获得支持的颜色数量为

Number_Of_colors_Supported=$(tput colors)

在使用termcap(基于BSD)的系统上，您可以获得支持的颜色数量为

Number_Of_colors_Supported=$(tput Co)

然后做出决定:

[ ${Number_Of_colors_Supported} -ge 8 ] && {
    echo 'You are fine and can print colors'
} || {
    echo 'Terminal does not support color'
}

---

顺便说一下，不要像之前建议的那样使用ESC字符着色。 使用标准的终端调用功能，将为您指定特定终端支持的正确颜色。

BSD Based

fg_black="$(tput AF 0)"
fg_red="$(tput AF 1)"
fg_green="$(tput AF 2)"
fg_yellow="$(tput AF 3)"
fg_blue="$(tput AF 4)"
fg_magenta="$(tput AF 5)"
fg_cyan="$(tput AF 6)"
fg_white="$(tput AF 7)"
reset="$(tput me)"

Linux Based

fg_black="$(tput setaf 0)"
fg_red="$(tput setaf 1)"
fg_green="$(tput setaf 2)"
fg_yellow="$(tput setaf 3)"
fg_blue="$(tput setaf 4)"
fg_magenta="$(tput setaf 5)"
fg_cyan="$(tput setaf 6)"
fg_white="$(tput setaf 7)"
reset="$(tput sgr0)"

Use As

echo -e "${fg_red}  Red  ${fg_green} Bull ${reset}"

gon1332头文件的扩展版本:

//
//  COLORS.h
//
//  Posted by Gon1332 May 15 2015 on StackOverflow
//  https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2616906/how-do-i-output-coloured-text-to-a-linux-terminal#2616912
//
//  Description: An easy header file to make colored text output to terminal second nature.
//  Modified by Shades Aug. 14 2018

// PLEASE carefully read comments before using this tool, this will save you a lot of bugs that are going to be just about impossible to find.
#ifndef COLORS_h
#define COLORS_h

/* FOREGROUND */
// These codes set the actual text to the specified color
#define RESETTEXT  "\x1B[0m" // Set all colors back to normal.
#define FOREBLK  "\x1B[30m" // Black
#define FORERED  "\x1B[31m" // Red
#define FOREGRN  "\x1B[32m" // Green
#define FOREYEL  "\x1B[33m" // Yellow
#define FOREBLU  "\x1B[34m" // Blue
#define FOREMAG  "\x1B[35m" // Magenta
#define FORECYN  "\x1B[36m" // Cyan
#define FOREWHT  "\x1B[37m" // White

/* BACKGROUND */
// These codes set the background color behind the text.
#define BACKBLK "\x1B[40m"
#define BACKRED "\x1B[41m"
#define BACKGRN "\x1B[42m"
#define BACKYEL "\x1B[43m"
#define BACKBLU "\x1B[44m"
#define BACKMAG "\x1B[45m"
#define BACKCYN "\x1B[46m"
#define BACKWHT "\x1B[47m"

// These will set the text color and then set it back to normal afterwards.
#define BLK(x) FOREBLK x RESETTEXT
#define RED(x) FORERED x RESETTEXT
#define GRN(x) FOREGRN x RESETTEXT
#define YEL(x) FOREYEL x RESETTEXT
#define BLU(x) FOREBLU x RESETTEXT
#define MAG(x) FOREMAG x RESETTEXT
#define CYN(x) FORECYN x RESETTEXT
#define WHT(x) FOREWHT x RESETTEXT

// Example usage: cout << BLU("This text's color is now blue!") << endl;

// These will set the text's background color then reset it back.
#define BackBLK(x) BACKBLK x RESETTEXT
#define BackRED(x) BACKRED x RESETTEXT
#define BackGRN(x) BACKGRN x RESETTEXT
#define BackYEL(x) BACKYEL x RESETTEXT
#define BackBLU(x) BACKBLU x RESETTEXT
#define BackMAG(x) BACKMAG x RESETTEXT
#define BackCYN(x) BACKCYN x RESETTEXT
#define BackWHT(x) BACKWHT x RESETTEXT

// Example usage: cout << BACKRED(FOREBLU("I am blue text on a red background!")) << endl;

// These functions will set the background to the specified color indefinitely.
// NOTE: These do NOT call RESETTEXT afterwards. Thus, they will set the background color indefinitely until the user executes cout << RESETTEXT
// OR if a function is used that calles RESETTEXT i.e. cout << RED("Hello World!") will reset the background color since it calls RESETTEXT.
// To set text COLOR indefinitely, see SetFore functions below.
#define SetBackBLK BACKBLK
#define SetBackRED BACKRED
#define SetBackGRN BACKGRN
#define SetBackYEL BACKYEL
#define SetBackBLU BACKBLU
#define SetBackMAG BACKMAG
#define SetBackCYN BACKCYN
#define SetBackWHT BACKWHT

// Example usage: cout << SetBackRED << "This text's background and all text after it will be red until RESETTEXT is called in some way" << endl;

// These functions will set the text color until RESETTEXT is called. (See above comments)
#define SetForeBLK FOREBLK
#define SetForeRED FORERED
#define SetForeGRN FOREGRN
#define SetForeYEL FOREYEL
#define SetForeBLU FOREBLU
#define SetForeMAG FOREMAG
#define SetForeCYN FORECYN
#define SetForeWHT FOREWHT

// Example usage: cout << SetForeRED << "This text and all text after it will be red until RESETTEXT is called in some way" << endl;

#define BOLD(x) "\x1B[1m" x RESETTEXT // Embolden text then reset it.
#define BRIGHT(x) "\x1B[1m" x RESETTEXT // Brighten text then reset it. (Same as bold but is available for program clarity)
#define UNDL(x) "\x1B[4m" x RESETTEXT // Underline text then reset it.

// Example usage: cout << BOLD(BLU("I am bold blue text!")) << endl;

// These functions will embolden or underline text indefinitely until RESETTEXT is called in some way.

#define SetBOLD "\x1B[1m" // Embolden text indefinitely.
#define SetBRIGHT "\x1B[1m" // Brighten text indefinitely. (Same as bold but is available for program clarity)
#define SetUNDL "\x1B[4m" // Underline text indefinitely.

// Example usage: cout << setBOLD << "I and all text after me will be BOLD/Bright until RESETTEXT is called in some way!" << endl;

#endif /* COLORS_h */

正如你所看到的，它有更多的功能，比如临时、无限期地设置背景颜色，以及其他功能。我也相信它对初学者更友好，更容易记住所有的函数。

#include <iostream>
#include "COLORS.h"

int main() {
  std::cout << SetBackBLU << SetForeRED << endl;
  std::cout << "I am red text on a blue background! :) " << endl;
  return 0;
}

只需在项目中包含头文件，就可以使用彩色终端输出了。

从我的理解，一个典型的ANSI颜色代码

"\033[{FORMAT_ATTRIBUTE};{FORGROUND_COLOR};{BACKGROUND_COLOR}m{TEXT}\033[{RESET_FORMATE_ATTRIBUTE}m"

由(名称和编解码器)组成

FORMAT ATTRIBUTE { "Default", "0" }, { "Bold", "1" }, { "Dim", "2" }, { "Italics", "3"}, { "Underlined", "4" }, { "Blink", "5" }, { "Reverse", "7" }, { "Hidden", "8" } FORGROUND COLOR { "Default", "39" }, { "Black", "30" }, { "Red", "31" }, { "Green", "32" }, { "Yellow", "33" }, { "Blue", "34" }, { "Magenta", "35" }, { "Cyan", "36" }, { "Light Gray", "37" }, { "Dark Gray", "90" }, { "Light Red", "91" }, { "Light Green", "92" }, { "Light Yellow", "93" }, { "Light Blue", "94" }, { "Light Magenta", "95" }, { "Light Cyan", "96" }, { "White", "97" } BACKGROUND COLOR { "Default", "49" }, { "Black", "40" }, { "Red", "41" }, { "Green", "42" }, { "Yellow", "43" }, { "Blue", "44" }, { "Megenta", "45" }, { "Cyan", "46" }, { "Light Gray", "47" }, { "Dark Gray", "100" }, { "Light Red", "101" }, { "Light Green", "102" }, { "Light Yellow", "103" }, { "Light Blue", "104" }, { "Light Magenta", "105" }, { "Light Cyan", "106" }, { "White", "107" } TEXT RESET FORMAT ATTRIBUTE { "All", "0" }, { "Bold", "21" }, { "Dim", "22" }, { "Underlined", "24" }, { "Blink", "25" }, { "Reverse", "27" }, { "Hidden", "28" }

有了这些信息，就很容易给字符串“I am a banana!”上色，前景色为“黄色”，背景色为“绿色”，就像这样

"\033[0;33;42mI am a Banana!\033[0m"

或者用c++库着色

auto const& colorized_text = color::rize( "I am a banana!", "Yellow", "Green" );
std::cout << colorized_text << std::endl;

更多关于FORMAT ATTRIBUTE的例子

你可以直接编写ANSI转义代码来控制颜色，也可以使用诸如{fmt}这样的库来提供api。

例如:

#include <fmt/color.h>

int main() { 
  fmt::print(fg(fmt::color::crimson) | fmt::emphasis::bold,
             "Hello, {}!\n", "world");
}

打印

大多数现代终端都支持ANSI转义序列，但您可以使用terminfo数据库进行检查。

试试我的标题这里一个快速和简单的方法来着色文本:Aedi的颜色标题

Escape-Sequence-Color-Header

在Unix中使用c++为输出着色!!

文本属性选项:

ATTRIBUTES_OFF, BOLD, UNDERSCORE, BLINK, REVERSE_VIDEO, CONCEALED

颜色选择:

BLACK, RED, GREEN, YELLOW, BLUE, MAGENTA, CYAN, WHITE

格式:

通用格式，在$变量$中包含你想要的值

COLOR_$Foreground_Color$_$Background_Color$
COLOR_$Text_Attribute$_$Foreground_Color$_$Background_Color$
COLOR_NORMAL  // To set color to default

e.g.

COLOR_BLUE_BLACK // Leave Text Attribute Blank if no Text Attribute appied
COLOR_UNDERSCORE_YELLOW_RED
COLOR_NORMAL

用法:

只是使用流的颜色，你想在输出文本和 在输出文本后再次使用以将颜色设置为正常。

cout << COLOR_BLUE_BLACK << "TEXT" << COLOR_NORMAL << endl;
cout << COLOR_BOLD_YELLOW_CYAN << "TEXT" << COLOR_NORMAL << endl;

在OSX shell上，这为我工作(包括“红色文本”前面的2个空格):

$ printf "\e[033;31m  red text\n"
$ echo "$(tput setaf 1)  red text"