从我的理解，一个典型的ANSI颜色代码

"\033[{FORMAT_ATTRIBUTE};{FORGROUND_COLOR};{BACKGROUND_COLOR}m{TEXT}\033[{RESET_FORMATE_ATTRIBUTE}m"

由(名称和编解码器)组成

FORMAT ATTRIBUTE { "Default", "0" }, { "Bold", "1" }, { "Dim", "2" }, { "Italics", "3"}, { "Underlined", "4" }, { "Blink", "5" }, { "Reverse", "7" }, { "Hidden", "8" } FORGROUND COLOR { "Default", "39" }, { "Black", "30" }, { "Red", "31" }, { "Green", "32" }, { "Yellow", "33" }, { "Blue", "34" }, { "Magenta", "35" }, { "Cyan", "36" }, { "Light Gray", "37" }, { "Dark Gray", "90" }, { "Light Red", "91" }, { "Light Green", "92" }, { "Light Yellow", "93" }, { "Light Blue", "94" }, { "Light Magenta", "95" }, { "Light Cyan", "96" }, { "White", "97" } BACKGROUND COLOR { "Default", "49" }, { "Black", "40" }, { "Red", "41" }, { "Green", "42" }, { "Yellow", "43" }, { "Blue", "44" }, { "Megenta", "45" }, { "Cyan", "46" }, { "Light Gray", "47" }, { "Dark Gray", "100" }, { "Light Red", "101" }, { "Light Green", "102" }, { "Light Yellow", "103" }, { "Light Blue", "104" }, { "Light Magenta", "105" }, { "Light Cyan", "106" }, { "White", "107" } TEXT RESET FORMAT ATTRIBUTE { "All", "0" }, { "Bold", "21" }, { "Dim", "22" }, { "Underlined", "24" }, { "Blink", "25" }, { "Reverse", "27" }, { "Hidden", "28" }

有了这些信息，就很容易给字符串“I am a banana!”上色，前景色为“黄色”，背景色为“绿色”，就像这样

"\033[0;33;42mI am a Banana!\033[0m"

或者用c++库着色

auto const& colorized_text = color::rize( "I am a banana!", "Yellow", "Green" );
std::cout << colorized_text << std::endl;

更多关于FORMAT ATTRIBUTE的例子

在OSX shell上，这为我工作(包括“红色文本”前面的2个空格):

$ printf "\e[033;31m  red text\n"
$ echo "$(tput setaf 1)  red text"

基础知识

我写了一个c++类，可以用来设置输出的前景色和背景色。这个示例程序用作打印This ->单词<-是红色的示例。格式化它，使单词的前景色为红色。

#include "colormod.h" // namespace Color
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    Color::Modifier red(Color::FG_RED);
    Color::Modifier def(Color::FG_DEFAULT);
    cout << "This ->" << red << "word" << def << "<- is red." << endl;
}

源

#include <ostream>
namespace Color {
    enum Code {
        FG_RED      = 31,
        FG_GREEN    = 32,
        FG_BLUE     = 34,
        FG_DEFAULT  = 39,
        BG_RED      = 41,
        BG_GREEN    = 42,
        BG_BLUE     = 44,
        BG_DEFAULT  = 49
    };
    class Modifier {
        Code code;
    public:
        Modifier(Code pCode) : code(pCode) {}
        friend std::ostream&
        operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Modifier& mod) {
            return os << "\033[" << mod.code << "m";
        }
    };
}

先进的

您可能希望向该类添加其他特性。它是，例如，可以添加颜色洋红色，甚至样式像粗体。要做到这一点，只需在Code枚举中添加另一个条目。这是一个很好的参考。

你可以使用ANSI颜色代码。

使用这些函数。

enum c_color{BLACK=30,RED=31,GREEN=32,YELLOW=33,BLUE=34,MAGENTA=35,CYAN=36,WHITE=37};
enum c_decoration{NORMAL=0,BOLD=1,FAINT=2,ITALIC=3,UNDERLINE=4,RIVERCED=26,FRAMED=51};
void pr(const string str,c_color color,c_decoration decoration=c_decoration::NORMAL){
  cout<<"\033["<<decoration<<";"<<color<<"m"<<str<<"\033[0m";
}

void prl(const string str,c_color color,c_decoration decoration=c_decoration::NORMAL){
   cout<<"\033["<<decoration<<";"<<color<<"m"<<str<<"\033[0m"<<endl;
}

这是一个老主题，但我编写了一个类，其中包含嵌套子类和由简单C宏定义的颜色静态成员。

我在dreamincode.net中通过用户no2pencil从这篇文章中获得了颜色函数。

我这样做是为了能够像这样使用std::cout流中的静态常量:

cout << zkr::cc::fore::red << "This is red text. " 
     << zkr::cc::console << "And changing to console default colors, fg, bg."
     << endl;

类和测试程序的源代码可以在这里下载。

cc::console将重置为控制台默认颜色和属性，cc::underline将为文本下划线，这在putty上工作，我已经测试了测试程序。

颜色:

black
blue
red
magenta
green
cyan
yellow
white

lightblack
lightblue
lightred
lightmagenta
lightgreen
lightcyan
lightyellow
lightwhite

它可以用于cc静态类的前静态和后静态子类。

编辑2017

为了更实用，我在这里添加了类代码。

颜色代码宏:

#define CC_CONSOLE_COLOR_DEFAULT "\033[0m"
#define CC_FORECOLOR(C) "\033[" #C "m"
#define CC_BACKCOLOR(C) "\033[" #C "m"
#define CC_ATTR(A) "\033[" #A "m"

main color函数定义屏幕的颜色或属性:

char *cc::color(int attr, int fg, int bg)
{
    static char command[13];

    /* Command is the control command to the terminal */
    sprintf(command, "%c[%d;%d;%dm", 0x1B, attr, fg + 30, bg + 40);
    return command;
}

ccolor.h

#include <stdio.h>

#define CC_CONSOLE_COLOR_DEFAULT "\033[0m"
#define CC_FORECOLOR(C) "\033[" #C "m"
#define CC_BACKCOLOR(C) "\033[" #C "m"
#define CC_ATTR(A) "\033[" #A "m"

namespace zkr
{
    class cc
    {
    public:

        class fore
        {
        public:
            static const char *black;
            static const char *blue;
            static const char *red;
            static const char *magenta;
            static const char *green;
            static const char *cyan;
            static const char *yellow;
            static const char *white;
            static const char *console;

            static const char *lightblack;
            static const char *lightblue;
            static const char *lightred;
            static const char *lightmagenta;
            static const char *lightgreen;
            static const char *lightcyan;
            static const char *lightyellow;
            static const char *lightwhite;
        };

        class back
        {
        public:
            static const char *black;
            static const char *blue;
            static const char *red;
            static const char *magenta;
            static const char *green;
            static const char *cyan;
            static const char *yellow;
            static const char *white;
            static const char *console;

            static const char *lightblack;
            static const char *lightblue;
            static const char *lightred;
            static const char *lightmagenta;
            static const char *lightgreen;
            static const char *lightcyan;
            static const char *lightyellow;
            static const char *lightwhite;
        };

        static char *color(int attr, int fg, int bg);
        static const char *console;
        static const char *underline;
        static const char *bold;
    };
}

ccolor.cpp

#include "ccolor.h"

using namespace std;

namespace zkr
{
    enum Color
    {
        Black,
        Red,
        Green,
        Yellow,
        Blue,
        Magenta,
        Cyan,
        White,
        Default = 9
    };

    enum Attributes
    {
        Reset,
        Bright,
        Dim,
        Underline,
        Blink,
        Reverse,
        Hidden
    };

    char *cc::color(int attr, int fg, int bg)
    {
        static char command[13];
        /* Command is the control command to the terminal */
        sprintf(command, "%c[%d;%d;%dm", 0x1B, attr, fg + 30, bg + 40);
        return command;
    }

    const char *cc::console = CC_CONSOLE_COLOR_DEFAULT;
    const char *cc::underline = CC_ATTR(4);
    const char *cc::bold = CC_ATTR(1);

    const char *cc::fore::black = CC_FORECOLOR(30);
    const char *cc::fore::blue = CC_FORECOLOR(34);
    const char *cc::fore::red = CC_FORECOLOR(31);
    const char *cc::fore::magenta = CC_FORECOLOR(35);
    const char *cc::fore::green = CC_FORECOLOR(92);
    const char *cc::fore::cyan = CC_FORECOLOR(36);
    const char *cc::fore::yellow = CC_FORECOLOR(33);
    const char *cc::fore::white = CC_FORECOLOR(37);
    const char *cc::fore::console = CC_FORECOLOR(39);

    const char *cc::fore::lightblack = CC_FORECOLOR(90);
    const char *cc::fore::lightblue = CC_FORECOLOR(94);
    const char *cc::fore::lightred = CC_FORECOLOR(91);
    const char *cc::fore::lightmagenta = CC_FORECOLOR(95);
    const char *cc::fore::lightgreen = CC_FORECOLOR(92);
    const char *cc::fore::lightcyan = CC_FORECOLOR(96);
    const char *cc::fore::lightyellow = CC_FORECOLOR(93);
    const char *cc::fore::lightwhite = CC_FORECOLOR(97);

    const char *cc::back::black = CC_BACKCOLOR(40);
    const char *cc::back::blue = CC_BACKCOLOR(44);
    const char *cc::back::red = CC_BACKCOLOR(41);
    const char *cc::back::magenta = CC_BACKCOLOR(45);
    const char *cc::back::green = CC_BACKCOLOR(42);
    const char *cc::back::cyan = CC_BACKCOLOR(46);
    const char *cc::back::yellow = CC_BACKCOLOR(43);
    const char *cc::back::white = CC_BACKCOLOR(47);
    const char *cc::back::console = CC_BACKCOLOR(49);

    const char *cc::back::lightblack = CC_BACKCOLOR(100);
    const char *cc::back::lightblue = CC_BACKCOLOR(104);
    const char *cc::back::lightred = CC_BACKCOLOR(101);
    const char *cc::back::lightmagenta = CC_BACKCOLOR(105);
    const char *cc::back::lightgreen = CC_BACKCOLOR(102);
    const char *cc::back::lightcyan = CC_BACKCOLOR(106);
    const char *cc::back::lightyellow = CC_BACKCOLOR(103);
    const char *cc::back::lightwhite = CC_BACKCOLOR(107);
}

在你输出任何你需要的颜色之前，确保你在一个终端:

[ -t 1 ] && echo 'Yes I am in a terminal'  # isatty(3) call in C

然后你需要检查终端能力，如果它支持颜色

在使用terminfo(基于Linux)的系统上，您可以获得支持的颜色数量为

Number_Of_colors_Supported=$(tput colors)

在使用termcap(基于BSD)的系统上，您可以获得支持的颜色数量为

Number_Of_colors_Supported=$(tput Co)

然后做出决定:

[ ${Number_Of_colors_Supported} -ge 8 ] && {
    echo 'You are fine and can print colors'
} || {
    echo 'Terminal does not support color'
}

---

顺便说一下，不要像之前建议的那样使用ESC字符着色。 使用标准的终端调用功能，将为您指定特定终端支持的正确颜色。

BSD Based

fg_black="$(tput AF 0)"
fg_red="$(tput AF 1)"
fg_green="$(tput AF 2)"
fg_yellow="$(tput AF 3)"
fg_blue="$(tput AF 4)"
fg_magenta="$(tput AF 5)"
fg_cyan="$(tput AF 6)"
fg_white="$(tput AF 7)"
reset="$(tput me)"

Linux Based

fg_black="$(tput setaf 0)"
fg_red="$(tput setaf 1)"
fg_green="$(tput setaf 2)"
fg_yellow="$(tput setaf 3)"
fg_blue="$(tput setaf 4)"
fg_magenta="$(tput setaf 5)"
fg_cyan="$(tput setaf 6)"
fg_white="$(tput setaf 7)"
reset="$(tput sgr0)"

Use As

echo -e "${fg_red}  Red  ${fg_green} Bull ${reset}"