我真的不明白接口存在的原因。据我所知，这是c#中不存在的多继承的一种工作(至少我是这么被告知的)。
我所看到的是，您预定义了一些成员和函数，然后必须在类中再次重新定义它们。从而使接口成为冗余。它只是感觉像句法……嗯，垃圾对我来说(请没有冒犯的意思。Junk是指无用的东西)。
在下面的例子中，我将创建一个名为Pizza的基类，而不是一个接口。
简单示例(取自不同的堆栈溢出贡献)
public interface IPizza
{
public void Order();
}
public class PepperoniPizza : IPizza
{
public void Order()
{
//Order Pepperoni pizza
}
}
public class HawaiiPizza : IPizza
{
public void Order()
{
//Order HawaiiPizza
}
}
当前回答
这些都是很好的例子。
另外，在switch语句的情况下，您不再需要在每次希望里约热内卢以特定方式执行任务时进行维护和切换。
在你的披萨例子中，如果你想做一个披萨，界面就是你所需要的，从那里每个披萨都有自己的逻辑。
这有助于减少耦合和圈复杂度。您仍然需要实现逻辑，但在更广泛的情况下，您需要跟踪的内容将更少。
对于每个披萨，您可以跟踪特定于该披萨的信息。其他披萨有什么并不重要，因为只有其他披萨需要知道。
其他回答
To me an advantage/benefit of an interface is that it is more flexible than an abstract class. Since you can only inherit 1 abstract class but you can implement multiple interfaces, changes to a system that inherits an abstract class in many places becomes problematic. If it is inherited in 100 places, a change requires changes to all 100. But, with the interface, you can place the new change in a new interface and just use that interface where its needed (Interface Seq. from SOLID). Additionally, the memory usage seems like it would be less with the interface as an object in the interface example is used just once in memory despite how many places implement the interface.
在这种情况下，您可以(也可能会)定义一个Pizza基类并从它们继承。然而，接口允许你做一些其他方式无法做到的事情有两个原因:
一个类可以实现多个接口。它只是定义类必须具有的特性。实现一系列接口意味着一个类可以在不同的地方实现多种功能。 接口可以定义在比类或调用方更大的范围内。这意味着您可以分离功能，分离项目依赖项，并将功能保留在一个项目或类中，并在其他地方实现该功能。
2的一个含义是，您可以更改正在使用的类，只需要它实现适当的接口。
I share your sense that Interfaces are not necessary. Here is a quote from Cwalina pg 80 Framework Design Guidelines "I often here people saying that interfaces specify contracts. I believe this a dangerous myth. Interfaces by themselves do not specify much. ..." He and co-author Abrams managed 3 releases of .Net for Microsoft. He goes on to say that the 'contract' is "expressed" in an implementation of the class. IMHO watching this for decades, there were many people warning Microsoft that taking the engineering paradigm to the max in OLE/COM might seem good but its usefulness is more directly to hardware. Especially in a big way in the 80s and 90s getting interoperating standards codified. In our TCP/IP Internet world there is little appreciation of the hardware and software gymnastics we would jump through to get solutions 'wired up' between and among mainframes, minicomputers, and microprocessors of which PCs were just a small minority. So coding to interfaces and their protocols made computing work. And interfaces ruled. But what does solving making X.25 work with your application have in common with posting recipes for the holidays? I have been coding C++ and C# for many years and I never created one once.
接口实际上是实现类必须遵循的契约，它实际上是我所知道的几乎所有设计模式的基础。
在您的示例中，创建接口是因为这样就保证实现了比萨饼接口的is A Pizza
public void Order();
在你提到的代码之后，你可以这样写:
public void orderMyPizza(IPizza myPizza) {
//This will always work, because everyone MUST implement order
myPizza.order();
}
这样您使用的是多态性，您所关心的只是对象对order()做出响应。
这里有很多很好的答案，但我想从一个稍微不同的角度来尝试。
你可能熟悉面向对象设计的SOLID原则。总而言之:
S -单一责任原则 O -开/闭原则 利斯科夫替换原理 I -界面隔离原理 D -依赖倒置原理
遵循SOLID原则有助于生成干净、分解良好、内聚和松散耦合的代码。考虑到:
用法与例句:“依赖管理是软件在任何规模上的主要挑战”(唐纳德·克努特)
那么任何有助于依赖管理的东西都是一个巨大的胜利。接口和依赖倒置原则确实有助于将代码与具体类的依赖解耦，因此可以根据行为而不是实现来编写和推理代码。这有助于将代码分解成可以在运行时而不是编译时组合的组件，也意味着这些组件可以很容易地插入和取出，而无需更改其余代码。
Interfaces help in particular with the Dependency Inversion Principle, where code can be componentized into a collection of services, with each service being described by an interface. Services can then be "injected" into classes at runtime by passing them in as a constructor parameter. This technique really becomes critical if you start to write unit tests and use test driven development. Try it! You will quickly understand how interfaces help to break apart the code into manageable chunks that can be individually tested in isolation.
