与面向对象的语言(如Smalltalk或Python)不同，这些语言的构造函数是表示类的对象的虚拟方法(这意味着您不需要GoF抽象工厂模式，因为您可以传递表示类的对象，而不是自己创建)，c++是一种基于类的语言，并且没有表示语言的任何构造的对象。该类在运行时不作为对象存在，因此不能对其调用虚方法。

这符合“不用就不用付钱”的理念，尽管我所见过的每个大型c++项目最终都实现了某种形式的抽象工厂或反射。

c++的虚拟构造函数是不可能的。例如，不能将构造函数标记为虚函数。试试这段代码

#include<iostream.h>
using namespace std;
class aClass
{
    public:
        virtual aClass()
        {   
        }  
};
int main()
{
    aClass a; 
}

它会导致错误。这段代码试图将构造函数声明为虚函数。 现在让我们试着理解为什么要使用virtual关键字。Virtual关键字用于提供运行时多态性。例如，试试这段代码。

#include<iostream.h>
using namespace std;
class aClass
{
    public:
        aClass()
        {
            cout<<"aClass contructor\n";
        }
        ~aClass()
        {
            cout<<"aClass destructor\n";
        }

};
class anotherClass:public aClass
{

    public:
        anotherClass()
        {
            cout<<"anotherClass Constructor\n";
        }
        ~anotherClass()
        {
            cout<<"anotherClass destructor\n";
        }

};
int main()
{
    aClass* a;
    a=new anotherClass;
    delete a;   
    getchar(); 
}

In main a=new anotherClass; allocates a memory for anotherClass in a pointer a declared as type of aClass.This causes both the constructor (In aClass and anotherClass) to call automatically.So we do not need to mark constructor as virtual.Because when an object is created it must follow the chain of creation (i.e first the base and then the derived classes). But when we try to delete a delete a; it causes to call only the base destructor.So we have to handle the destructor using virtual keyword. So virtual constructor is not possible but virtual destructor is.Thanks

面试答案是:virtual ptr和table是和对象相关的，而不是和类相关的。因此构造函数构建虚表 因此，我们不能有虚构造函数，因为在创建obj之前没有虚表。

The virtual mechanism only works when you have a based class pointer to a derived class object. Construction has it's own rules for the calling of base class constructors, basically base class to derived. How could a virtual constructor be useful or called? I don't know what other languages do, but I can't see how a virtual constructor could be useful or even implemented. Construction needs to have taken place for the virtual mechanism to make any sense and construction also needs to have taken place for the vtable structures to have been created which provides the mechanics of the polymorphic behaviour.

虚函数基本上提供多态行为。也就是说，当您使用的对象的动态类型与引用它的静态(编译时)类型不同时，它提供的行为适合于对象的实际类型，而不是对象的静态类型。

现在尝试将这种行为应用于构造函数。当你构造一个对象时，静态类型总是与实际的对象类型相同，因为:

要构造一个对象，构造函数需要它要创建的对象的确切类型[…]此外[…]]则不能有指向构造函数的指针

Bjarne Stroustup (P424 c++编程语言SE)

我们有，只是它不是一个构造函数:-)

struct A {
  virtual ~A() {}
  virtual A * Clone() { return new A; }
};

struct B : public A {
  virtual A * Clone() { return new B; }
};

int main() {

   A * a1 = new B;
   A * a2 = a1->Clone();    // virtual construction
   delete a2;
   delete a1;
}