matplotlib.cbook.flatten() 将为粘贴列表工作,即使它们比示例更深地粘贴。

import matplotlib
l = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7], [8, 9]]
print(list(matplotlib.cbook.flatten(l)))
l2 = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7], [8, [9, 10, [11, 12, [13]]]]]
print(list(matplotlib.cbook.flatten(l2)))

结果:

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]

这比 underscore 快 18 倍。

Average time over 1000 trials of matplotlib.cbook.flatten: 2.55e-05 sec
Average time over 1000 trials of underscore._.flatten: 4.63e-04 sec
(time for underscore._)/(time for matplotlib.cbook) = 18.1233394636

对于包含多个列表的列表,这里是一个重复的解决方案,为我工作,我希望它是正确的:

# Question 4
def flatten(input_ls=[]) -> []:
    res_ls = []
    res_ls = flatten_recursive(input_ls, res_ls)

    print("Final flatten list solution is: \n", res_ls)

    return res_ls


def flatten_recursive(input_ls=[], res_ls=[]) -> []:
    tmp_ls = []

    for i in input_ls:
        if isinstance(i, int):
            res_ls.append(i)
        else:
            tmp_ls = i
            tmp_ls.append(flatten_recursive(i, res_ls))

    print(res_ls)
    return res_ls


flatten([0, 1, [2, 3], 4, [5, 6]])  # test
flatten([0, [[[1]]], [[2, 3], [4, [[5, 6]]]]])

出口:

[0, 1, 2, 3]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
Final flatten list solution is: 
 [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
[0, 1]
[0, 1]
[0, 1]
[0, 1, 2, 3]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
Final flatten list solution is: 
 [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

我用 perfplot 测试了大多数建议的解决方案(我的宠物项目,基本上是时间周围的插槽),并发现

import functools
import operator
functools.reduce(operator.iconcat, a, [])

要成为最快的解决方案,无论是许多小列表还是很少的长列表都被混合(operator.iadd 同样快)。

更简单、更可接受的选择是

out = []
for sublist in a:
    out.extend(sublist)

如果字体列表的数量很大,这表现得比上面的建议略糟糕。

此分類上一篇

此分類上一篇

重复字符的代码:

import functools
import itertools
import operator

import numpy as np
import perfplot


def forfor(a):
    return [item for sublist in a for item in sublist]


def sum_brackets(a):
    return sum(a, [])


def functools_reduce(a):
    return functools.reduce(operator.concat, a)


def functools_reduce_iconcat(a):
    return functools.reduce(operator.iconcat, a, [])


def itertools_chain(a):
    return list(itertools.chain.from_iterable(a))


def numpy_flat(a):
    return list(np.array(a).flat)


def numpy_concatenate(a):
    return list(np.concatenate(a))


def extend(a):
    out = []
    for sublist in a:
        out.extend(sublist)
    return out


b = perfplot.bench(
    setup=lambda n: [list(range(10))] * n,
    # setup=lambda n: [list(range(n))] * 10,
    kernels=[
        forfor,
        sum_brackets,
        functools_reduce,
        functools_reduce_iconcat,
        itertools_chain,
        numpy_flat,
        numpy_concatenate,
        extend,
    ],
    n_range=[2 ** k for k in range(16)],
    xlabel="num lists (of length 10)",
    # xlabel="len lists (10 lists total)"
)
b.save("out.png")
b.show()

一个非回归功能,以便在任何深度的列表列表:

def flatten_list(list1):
    out = []
    inside = list1
    while inside:
        x = inside.pop(0)
        if isinstance(x, list):
            inside[0:0] = x
        else:
            out.append(x)
    return out

l = [[[1,2],3,[4,[[5,6],7],[8]]],[9,10,11]]
flatten_list(l)
# [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]

你的功能不起作用的原因是因为延伸延伸一个序列在现场,并且不会返回它。

reduce(lambda x,y: x.extend(y) or x, l)

注意:扩展比 + 列表更有效。

最简单的方式在Python没有任何图书馆

此功能还将适用于多维列表。

使用 recursion 我们可以实现列表中的任何组合,我们可以无需使用任何图书馆。

#Devil
x = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7], [8, 9]]


output = []
def flatten(v):
    if isinstance(v, int):
        output.append(v)
    if isinstance(v, list):
        for i in range(0, len(v)):
            flatten(v[i])

flatten(x)
print("Output:", output)
#Output: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

#Adding more dimensions 
x = [ [1, [2, 3, [4, 5], [6]], 7 ], [8, [9, [10]]] ]
flatten(x)
print("Output:", output)
#Output: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]