我试图从一组片段中添加一个项目到选项菜单。
我已经创建了一个新的MenuFragment类，并扩展了我希望包含菜单项的片段。代码如下:
Java:
public class MenuFragment extends Fragment {
MenuItem fav;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
}
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) {
fav = menu.add("add");
fav.setIcon(R.drawable.btn_star_big_off);
}
}
科特林：
class MenuFragment : Fragment {
lateinit var fav: MenuItem
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setHasOptionsMenu(true)
}
override fun onCreateOptionsMenu(menu: Menu, inflater: MenuInflater) {
fav = menu.add("add");
fav.setIcon(R.drawable.btn_star_big_off);
}
}
由于某种原因，onCreateOptionsMenu似乎没有运行。
调用super方法:
Java:
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
}
@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) {
// TODO Add your menu entries here
super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, inflater);
}
科特林：
override fun void onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setHasOptionsMenu(true)
}
override fun onCreateOptionsMenu(menu: Menu, inflater: MenuInflater) {
// TODO Add your menu entries here
super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, inflater)
}
在代码中放入日志语句，以查看是否没有调用该方法，或者您的代码是否没有修改菜单。
同时确保你在onCreate(Bundle)中调用sethasoptionmenu (boolean)来通知片段它应该参与选项菜单处理。
我也遇到了同样的问题，但我认为最好总结并介绍让它工作的最后一步:
在Fragment的onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)方法中添加sethasoptionmenu (true)方法。
重写onCreateOptionsMenu(菜单菜单，MenuInflater膨胀器)(如果你想做一些不同的在你的片段的菜单)和onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem项目)方法在你的片段。
在onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) Activity的方法中，当菜单项操作将在onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) Fragment的方法中实现时，确保返回false。
一个例子:
活动
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
MenuInflater inflater = getSupportMenuInflater();
inflater.inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.activity_menu_item:
// Do Activity menu item stuff here
return true;
case R.id.fragment_menu_item:
// Not implemented here
return false;
default:
break;
}
return false;
}
片段
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
....
}
@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) {
// Do something that differs the Activity's menu here
super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, inflater);
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.activity_menu_item:
// Not implemented here
return false;
case R.id.fragment_menu_item:
// Do Fragment menu item stuff here
return true;
default:
break;
}
return false;
}
如果你需要一个菜单来刷新一个特定片段中的webview，你可以使用:
片段:
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
}
@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) {
// TODO Add your menu entries here
inflater.inflate(R.menu.menu, menu);
super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, inflater);
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.exit:
System.exit(1);
break;
case R.id.refresh:
webView.reload();
break;
}
return true;
}
menu。xml
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:id="@+id/exit" android:title="Exit" android:icon="@drawable/ic_action_cancel" />
<item android:id="@+id/refresh" android:title="Refresh" android:icon="@drawable/ic_action_refresh" />
</menu>
在menu.xml中，您应该添加所有菜单项。然后，您可以隐藏您不想在初始加载中看到的项目。
menu。xml
<item
android:id="@+id/action_newItem"
android:icon="@drawable/action_newItem"
android:showAsAction="never"
android:visible="false"
android:title="@string/action_newItem"/>
在onCreate()方法中添加sethasoptionsmmenu (true)来调用Fragment类中的菜单项。
FragmentClass.java
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
}
你不需要在你的Fragment类中重写onCreateOptionsMenu。菜单项可以通过重写Fragment中可用的onprepareoptionmenumethod来更改(添加/删除)。
@Override
public void onPrepareOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
menu.findItem(R.id.action_newItem).setVisible(true);
super.onPrepareOptionsMenu(menu);
}
在膨胀菜单之前，您需要使用menu.clear()。
@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) {
menu.clear();
inflater.inflate(R.menu.menu, menu);
super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, inflater);
}
and
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
}
除此之外，我还要补充一件事，以及它不适合我的原因。
这与Napster的答案相似。
Make sure your fragment's hosting activity extends AppCompatActivity, not FragmentActivity!
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
}
From the Google Reference Documentation for FragmentActivity:
Note: If you want to implement an activity that includes an action bar, you should instead use the ActionBarActivity class, which is a subclass of this one, so allows you to use Fragment APIs on API level 7 and higher.
To update Napster's answer -- ActionBarActivity now being deprecated, use AppCompatActivity instead.
When using AppCompatActivity, also make sure you set "the activity theme toTheme.AppCompat or a similar theme" (Google Doc).
注意:android.support.v7.app。AppCompatActivity是android.support.v4.app的子类。FragmentActivity类(参见AppCompatActivity ref doc)。
菜单文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item
android:id="@+id/play"
android:titleCondensed="Speak"
android:showAsAction="always"
android:title="Speak"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_play">
</item>
<item
android:id="@+id/pause"
android:titleCondensed="Stop"
android:title="Stop"
android:showAsAction="always"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_pause">
</item>
</menu>
活动代码:
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
MenuInflater inflater = getMenuInflater();
inflater.inflate(R.menu.speak_menu_history, menu);
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.play:
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "speaking....", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
return false;
case R.id.pause:
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "stopping....", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
return false;
default:
break;
}
return false;
}
片段代码:
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.play:
text = page.getText().toString();
speakOut(text);
// Do Activity menu item stuff here
return true;
case R.id.pause:
speakOf();
// Not implemented here
return true;
default:
break;
}
return false;
}
在菜单文件夹中创建一个.menu xml文件，并添加这个xml文件
<item
android:id="@+id/action_search"
android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_search"
android:title="@string/action_search"
app:actionViewClass="android.support.v7.widget.SearchView"
app:showAsAction="always|collapseActionView" />
在您的片段类中重写此方法和
implement SearchView.OnQueryTextListener in your fragment class
@Override
public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
}
现在只需在fragment class中设置你的菜单xml文件
@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) {
inflater.inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
final MenuItem item = menu.findItem(R.id.action_search);
final SearchView searchView = (SearchView)
MenuItemCompat.getActionView(item);
MenuItemCompat.setOnActionExpandListener(item,
new MenuItemCompat.OnActionExpandListener() {
@Override
public boolean onMenuItemActionCollapse(MenuItem item) {
// Do something when collapsed
return true; // Return true to collapse action view
}
@Override
public boolean onMenuItemActionExpand(MenuItem item) {
// Do something when expanded
return true; // Return true to expand action view
}
});
}
在onCreate方法上添加setHasOptionMenu()
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
}
然后覆盖你的onCreateOptionsMenu
@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) {
menu.add("Menu item")
.setIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_delete)
.setShowAsAction(MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_IF_ROOM);
}
在我的例子中，下面是步骤。
步骤1
@Override
public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
// Here notify the fragment that it should participate in options menu handling.
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
}
步骤2
@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) {
// First clear current all the menu items
menu.clear();
// Add the new menu items
inflater.inflate(R.menu.post_stuff, menu);
super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, inflater);
}
步骤3
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.post_stuff:
Log.d(TAG, "Will post the photo to server");
return true;
case R.id.cancel_post:
Log.d(TAG, "Will cancel post the photo");
return true;
default:
break;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
博士TL;
使用“android.support.v7.widget”。工具栏，只需执行:
toolbar.inflateMenu(R.menu.my_menu)
toolbar.setOnMenuItemClickListener {
onOptionsItemSelected(it)
}
独立的工具栏
大多数建议的解决方案，如setHasOptionsMenu(true)，只有当父活动在其布局中有工具栏并通过setSupportActionBar()声明它时才有效。然后Fragments可以参与到这个ActionBar的菜单填充中:
Fragment. oncreateoptionsmmenu():初始化Fragment主机的标准选项菜单的内容。
如果你想要一个单独的工具栏和特定片段的菜单，你可以这样做:
menu_custom_fragment.xml
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
<item
android:id="@+id/menu_save"
android:title="SAVE" />
</menu>
custom_fragment.xml
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
android:id="@+id/toolbar"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
...
CustomFragment.kt
override fun onCreateView(inflater: LayoutInflater, container: ViewGroup?, savedInstanceState: Bundle?): View? {
val view = inflater.inflate(layout.custom_fragment, container, false)
val toolbar = view.findViewById<Toolbar>(R.id.toolbar)
toolbar.inflateMenu(R.menu.menu_custom_fragment)
toolbar.setOnMenuItemClickListener {
onOptionsItemSelected(it)
}
return view
}
override fun onOptionsItemSelected(item: MenuItem): Boolean {
return when (item.itemId) {
R.id.menu_save -> {
// TODO: User clicked the save button
true
}
else -> super.onOptionsItemSelected(item)
}
}
是的，就是这么简单。你甚至不需要重写onCreate()或onCreateOptionsMenu()。
PS:这只适用于android.support.v4.app。Fragment和android.support.v7.widget。工具栏(也要确保在样式.xml中使用AppCompatActivity和AppCompat主题)。
设置setHasMenuOptions(true)工作，如果应用程序有一个主题与动作栏，如theme . materialcomponents . daynight . darkactionbar或Activity有它自己的工具栏，否则oncreateoptionmenufragment不会被调用。
如果你想使用独立的工具栏，你要么需要获得活动，并将工具栏设置为支持操作栏
(requireActivity() as? MainActivity)?.setSupportActionBar(toolbar)
它让你的fragment onCreateOptionsMenu被调用。
其他的选择是，你可以用Toolbar . inflatemmenu (r.m menu. your_menu)和项目监听器来膨胀你的工具栏自己的菜单
toolbar.setOnMenuItemClickListener {
// do something
true
}
如果上面的选项都不适合你，在你的片段中试试这个:
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setHasOptionsMenu(true)
}
override fun onCreateView(inflater: LayoutInflater, container: ViewGroup?, savedInstanceState: Bundle?): View? {
....
toolBar = rootView.findViewById(R.id.import_contacts_toolbar)
toolBar?.title = "Your title"
toolBar?.subtitle = "yor subtitile"
contactsActivity().setSupportActionBar(toolBar)
toolBar?.inflateMenu(R.menu.import_contacts_menu)
...
}
override fun onOptionsItemSelected(item: MenuItem): Boolean {
when (item.itemId) {
R.id.1 -> {
return true
}
R.id.2 -> {
return true
}
}
return false
}
override fun onCreateOptionsMenu(menu: Menu, inflater: MenuInflater) {
menu.clear()
inflater.inflate(R.menu.import_contacts_menu, menu)
super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, inflater)
val search = menu.findItem(R.id.action_search)
val searchView = search.actionView as SearchView
searchView.requestFocus()
val txtSearch = searchView.findViewById<View>(androidx.appcompat.R.id.search_src_text) as EditText
txtSearch.hint = "Search..."
txtSearch.setHintTextColor(Color.WHITE);
txtSearch.setTextColor(Color.WHITE)
try {
val f: Field = TextView::class.java.getDeclaredField("mCursorDrawableRes")
f.setAccessible(true)
f.set(txtSearch, R.drawable.search_edit_text_cursor)
} catch (ignored: Exception) {
Log.d(TAG, "failed to expose cursor drawable $ignored")
}
searchView.setOnQueryTextListener(object : SearchView.OnQueryTextListener {
override fun onQueryTextSubmit(query: String): Boolean {
return false
}
override fun onQueryTextChange(newText: String): Boolean {
return true
}
})
searchView.setOnCloseListener {
}
}
在我的例子中，我有一个搜索菜单项，它被设置为始终可见。这是它的xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
<item
android:id="@+id/action_search"
app:showAsAction="always"
app:actionViewClass="androidx.appcompat.widget.SearchView"
android:title="Search"/>
<item android:id="@+id/1"
android:title="1">
</item>
<item android:id="@+id/2"
android:title="2">
</item>
</menu>
自androidx.activity:activity:1.4.0以来，有了一种新的方法来做到这一点
你应该使用菜单提供者API。
它的用法如下:
而不是叫super。setHasOptionMenu和实现oncreateoptionmenu你应该在onViewCreated中调用addMenuProvider。
一个例子:
class ExampleFragment : Fragment(R.layout.fragment_example) {
override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
// The usage of an interface lets you inject your own implementation
val menuHost: MenuHost = requireActivity()
// Add menu items without using the Fragment Menu APIs
// Note how we can tie the MenuProvider to the viewLifecycleOwner
// and an optional Lifecycle.State (here, RESUMED) to indicate when
// the menu should be visible
menuHost.addMenuProvider(object : MenuProvider {
override fun onCreateMenu(menu: Menu, menuInflater: MenuInflater) {
// Add menu items here
menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.example_menu, menu)
}
override fun onMenuItemSelected(menuItem: MenuItem): Boolean {
// Handle the menu selection
return true
}
}, viewLifecycleOwner)
}
来源:活动变更日志
现在在2022年，谷歌已弃用setHasOptionsMenu，你应该使用MenuProvider代替。根据我的经验，当我使用setHasOptionsMenu方法时，我在一些android 11、12上得到了NoSuchMethodException。
当使用MenuProvider为您的活动提供菜单时，不再需要此方法，它取代了onCreateOptionsMenu作为推荐的方式来提供一致的、可选的生命周期感知的、模块化的方式来处理菜单创建和项目选择。
这是你如何添加菜单到你的活动/片段atm:
/**
* Using the addMenuProvider() API directly in your Activity
**/
class ExampleActivity : ComponentActivity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
// Add menu items without overriding methods in the Activity
addMenuProvider(object : MenuProvider {
override fun onCreateMenu(menu: Menu, menuInflater: MenuInflater) {
// Add menu items here
menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.example_menu, menu)
}
override fun onMenuItemSelected(menuItem: MenuItem): Boolean {
// Handle the menu selection
return true
}
})
}
}
/**
* Using the addMenuProvider() API in a Fragment
**/
class ExampleFragment : Fragment() {
override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
// The usage of an interface lets you inject your own implementation
val menuHost: MenuHost = requireActivity()
// Add menu items without using the Fragment Menu APIs
// Note how we can tie the MenuProvider to the viewLifecycleOwner
// and an optional Lifecycle.State (here, RESUMED) to indicate when
// the menu should be visible
menuHost.addMenuProvider(object : MenuProvider {
override fun onCreateMenu(menu: Menu, menuInflater: MenuInflater) {
// Add menu items here
menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.example_menu, menu)
}
override fun onMenuItemSelected(menuItem: MenuItem): Boolean {
// Handle the menu selection
return true
}
}, viewLifecycleOwner, Lifecycle.State.RESUMED)
}
这是参考链接。
啊，对于像我这样懒惰的人，你必须加上这个:
dependencies {
val activity_version = "1.5.1"
// Java language implementation
implementation("androidx.activity:activity:$activity_version")
// Kotlin
implementation("androidx.activity:activity-ktx:$activity_version")
}
