在c#中:

public static IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> Combinations<T>(this IEnumerable<T> elements, int k)
{
  return k == 0 ? new[] { new T[0] } :
    elements.SelectMany((e, i) =>
      elements.Skip(i + 1).Combinations(k - 1).Select(c => (new[] {e}).Concat(c)));
}

用法:

var result = Combinations(new[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }, 3);

结果:

123
124
125
134
135
145
234
235
245
345

我发现这个线程很有用，我想我会添加一个Javascript解决方案，你可以弹出到Firebug。取决于你的JS引擎，如果起始字符串很大，可能会花一点时间。

function string_recurse(active, rest) {
    if (rest.length == 0) {
        console.log(active);
    } else {
        string_recurse(active + rest.charAt(0), rest.substring(1, rest.length));
        string_recurse(active, rest.substring(1, rest.length));
    }
}
string_recurse("", "abc");

输出如下:

abc
ab
ac
a
bc
b
c

static IEnumerable<string> Combinations(List<string> characters, int length)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < characters.Count; i++)
    {
        // only want 1 character, just return this one
        if (length == 1)
            yield return characters[i];

        // want more than one character, return this one plus all combinations one shorter
        // only use characters after the current one for the rest of the combinations
        else
            foreach (string next in Combinations(characters.GetRange(i + 1, characters.Count - (i + 1)), length - 1))
                yield return characters[i] + next;
    }
}

下面是Clojure版本，它使用了我在OCaml实现答案中描述的相同算法:

(defn select
  ([items]
     (select items 0 (inc (count items))))
  ([items n1 n2]
     (reduce concat
             (map #(select % items)
                  (range n1 (inc n2)))))
  ([n items]
     (let [
           lmul (fn [a list-of-lists-of-bs]
                     (map #(cons a %) list-of-lists-of-bs))
           ]
       (if (= n (count items))
         (list items)
         (if (empty? items)
           items
           (concat
            (select n (rest items))
            (lmul (first items) (select (dec n) (rest items))))))))) 

它提供了三种调用方法:

(a)按问题要求，选出n项:

  user=> (count (select 3 "abcdefgh"))
  56

(b) n1至n2个选定项目:

user=> (select '(1 2 3 4) 2 3)
((3 4) (2 4) (2 3) (1 4) (1 3) (1 2) (2 3 4) (1 3 4) (1 2 4) (1 2 3))

(c)在0至所选项目的集合大小之间:

user=> (select '(1 2 3))
(() (3) (2) (1) (2 3) (1 3) (1 2) (1 2 3))

在c#中:

public static IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> Combinations<T>(this IEnumerable<T> elements, int k)
{
  return k == 0 ? new[] { new T[0] } :
    elements.SelectMany((e, i) =>
      elements.Skip(i + 1).Combinations(k - 1).Select(c => (new[] {e}).Concat(c)));
}

用法:

var result = Combinations(new[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }, 3);

结果:

123
124
125
134
135
145
234
235
245
345

我有一个用于project euler的排列算法，用python编写:

def missing(miss,src):
    "Returns the list of items in src not present in miss"
    return [i for i in src if i not in miss]


def permutation_gen(n,l):
    "Generates all the permutations of n items of the l list"
    for i in l:
        if n<=1: yield [i]
        r = [i]
        for j in permutation_gen(n-1,missing([i],l)):  yield r+j

If

n<len(l) 

你应该有所有你需要的组合，没有重复，你需要吗?

它是一个生成器，所以你可以这样使用它:

for comb in permutation_gen(3,list("ABCDEFGH")):
    print comb