我在silverlight应用程序中有一个比较2个字符串的条件,由于某种原因,当我使用==时,它返回false而. equals()返回true。
代码如下:
if (((ListBoxItem)lstBaseMenu.SelectedItem).Content.Equals("Energy Attack"))
{
// Execute code
}
if (((ListBoxItem)lstBaseMenu.SelectedItem).Content == "Energy Attack")
{
// Execute code
}
你知道为什么会这样吗?
Equals()和==是否相同取决于实现。因为c#允许用户分别为Equals()和==设置不同的行为。
class CompareTest
{
public readonly int val;
public CompareTest(int val)
{
this.val = val;
}
public override bool Equals(object obj)
{
return obj is CompareTest test && this.val == test.val;
}
public override int GetHashCode()
{
return val;
}
public static bool operator == (CompareTest a, object b)
{
return Equals(a, b);
}
public static bool operator != (CompareTest a, object b)
{
return !(a == b);
}
}
在本例中,我使Equals()和==具有相同的行为。但如果我让他们不一样呢?例如:
public static bool operator == (CompareTest a, object b)
{
return false;
}
Equals()正常工作,但==永远不会工作。
此外,虽然我让它们具有相同的行为,但仍然有一个区别:哪个==函数将被调用取决于左边的值:
Compare Test a = new CompareTest(1);
object b = new CompareTest(1);
CompareTest c = new CompareTest(1);
Debug.Log("AB " + (a == b)); // true
Debug.Log("BA " + (b == a)); // false! because it calls object's == function
Debug.Log("AC " + (a == c)); // true
Debug.Log("CA " + (c == a)); // true
I am a bit confused here. If the runtime type of Content is of type string, then both == and Equals should return true. However, since this does not appear to be the case, then runtime type of Content is not string and calling Equals on it is doing a referential equality and this explains why Equals("Energy Attack") fails. However, in the second case, the decision as to which overloaded == static operator should be called is made at compile time and this decision appears to be ==(string,string). this suggests to me that Content provides an implicit conversion to string.
==和. equals都依赖于实际类型中定义的行为和调用位置上的实际类型。两者都只是方法/操作符,可以在任何类型上重写,并给定作者希望的任何行为。根据我的经验,我发现人们在对象上实现. equals却忽略了operator ==是很常见的。这意味着. equals将实际测量值是否相等,而==将测量它们是否是相同的引用。
当我处理一个定义不断变化的新类型或编写泛型算法时,我发现最佳实践如下
如果我想在c#中比较引用,我使用Object。直接使用ReferenceEquals(在泛型情况下不需要)
如果我想比较值,我使用EqualityComparer<T>。默认的
在某些情况下,当我觉得==的用法不明确时,我会显式地使用Object。在代码中引用等号以消除歧义。
Eric Lippert最近写了一篇博文,主题是为什么在CLR中有两种相等的方法。值得一读
http://blogs.msdn.com/ericlippert/archive/2009/04/09/double-your-dispatch-double-your-fun.aspx