宏形式允许使用“无处不在”，而函数需要一个对象来解析。

宏表单(一行):

macro_rules! ty {($type:ty) => {std::any::type_name::<$type>()}}

形成的宏观形式:

macro_rules! ty {
    ($type:ty) => {
        std::any::type_name::<$type>()
    };
}

函数形式(借用是为了不破坏已解析的变量):

fn type_of<T>(_: &T) -> &'static str {std::any::type_name::<T>()}

fn type_of<T>(_: &T) -> &'static str {
    std::any::type_name::<T>()
}

例子:

macro_rules! ty {($type:ty) => {std::any::type_name::<$type>()}}
fn type_of<T>(_: &T) -> &'static str {std::any::type_name::<T>()}

struct DontMater<T>(T);

impl<T: std::fmt::Debug> std::fmt::Debug for DontMater<T> {
    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        fmt.write_fmt(format_args!("DontMater<{}>({:?})", ty!(T), self.0))
    }
}

fn main() {
    type µ = [Vec<String>; 7];
    println!("{:?}", DontMater(5_usize));
    println!("{:?}", DontMater("¤"));
    println!("{}", ty!(char));
    println!("{:?}", ty!(µ));
    println!("{}", type_of(&DontMater(72_i8)));
    println!("{:?}", type_of(&15_f64));
}

返回:

DontMater<usize>(5)
DontMater<&str>("¤")
char
"[alloc::vec::Vec<alloc::string::String>; 7]"
env_vars::DontMater<i8>
"f64"

宏形式允许使用“无处不在”，而函数需要一个对象来解析。

宏表单(一行):

macro_rules! ty {($type:ty) => {std::any::type_name::<$type>()}}

形成的宏观形式:

macro_rules! ty {
    ($type:ty) => {
        std::any::type_name::<$type>()
    };
}

函数形式(借用是为了不破坏已解析的变量):

fn type_of<T>(_: &T) -> &'static str {std::any::type_name::<T>()}

fn type_of<T>(_: &T) -> &'static str {
    std::any::type_name::<T>()
}

例子:

macro_rules! ty {($type:ty) => {std::any::type_name::<$type>()}}
fn type_of<T>(_: &T) -> &'static str {std::any::type_name::<T>()}

struct DontMater<T>(T);

impl<T: std::fmt::Debug> std::fmt::Debug for DontMater<T> {
    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        fmt.write_fmt(format_args!("DontMater<{}>({:?})", ty!(T), self.0))
    }
}

fn main() {
    type µ = [Vec<String>; 7];
    println!("{:?}", DontMater(5_usize));
    println!("{:?}", DontMater("¤"));
    println!("{}", ty!(char));
    println!("{:?}", ty!(µ));
    println!("{}", type_of(&DontMater(72_i8)));
    println!("{:?}", type_of(&15_f64));
}

返回:

DontMater<usize>(5)
DontMater<&str>("¤")
char
"[alloc::vec::Vec<alloc::string::String>; 7]"
env_vars::DontMater<i8>
"f64"

其他一些答案不工作，但我发现typename crate工作。

Create a new project: cargo new test_typename Modify the Cargo.toml [dependencies] typename = "0.1.1" Modify your source code use typename::TypeName; fn main() { assert_eq!(String::type_name(), "std::string::String"); assert_eq!(Vec::<i32>::type_name(), "std::vec::Vec<i32>"); assert_eq!([0, 1, 2].type_name_of(), "[i32; 3]"); let a = 65u8; let b = b'A'; let c = 65; let d = 65i8; let e = 65i32; let f = 65u32; let arr = [1,2,3,4,5]; let first = arr[0]; println!("type of a 65u8 {} is {}", a, a.type_name_of()); println!("type of b b'A' {} is {}", b, b.type_name_of()); println!("type of c 65 {} is {}", c, c.type_name_of()); println!("type of d 65i8 {} is {}", d, d.type_name_of()); println!("type of e 65i32 {} is {}", e, e.type_name_of()); println!("type of f 65u32 {} is {}", f, f.type_name_of()); println!("type of arr {:?} is {}", arr, arr.type_name_of()); println!("type of first {} is {}", first, first.type_name_of()); }

输出结果为:

type of a 65u8  65 is u8
type of b b'A'  65 is u8
type of c 65    65 is i32
type of d 65i8  65 is i8
type of e 65i32 65 is i32
type of f 65u32 65 is u32
type of arr [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] is [i32; 5]
type of first 1 is i32

有一个不稳定的函数std::intrinsic::type_name可以获取类型的名称，尽管您必须使用Rust的夜间构建(这在稳定的Rust中不太可能工作)。这里有一个例子:

#![feature(core_intrinsics)]

fn print_type_of<T>(_: &T) {
    println!("{}", unsafe { std::intrinsics::type_name::<T>() });
}

fn main() {
    print_type_of(&32.90);          // prints "f64"
    print_type_of(&vec![1, 2, 4]);  // prints "std::vec::Vec<i32>"
    print_type_of(&"foo");          // prints "&str"
}

我非常喜欢@Coautose之前的回答，但如果有人只想要没有名称空间的类型名称，例如C而不是a::b::C，这里是一个修改后的宏版本，看起来像预期的那样工作:

macro_rules! ty {
    ($type:ty) => {{
        let result = std::any::type_name::<$type>();
        match result.rsplit_once(':') {
            Some((_, s)) => s,
            None => result,
        }
    }};
}

用法:

debug!("Testing type name: {}", ty!(A));

这是@Boiethios回答的简化版。我已经从原始解决方案中删除了一些“&”符号。

fn print_type_of<T>(_: T) {
    println!("{}", std::any::type_name::<T>())
}

fn main() {
    let s = "Hello";
    let i = 42;

    print_type_of(s); // &str
    print_type_of(i); // i32
    print_type_of(main); // playground::main
    print_type_of(print_type_of::<i32>); // playground::print_type_of<i32>
    print_type_of(|| "Hi!" ); // playground::main::{{closure}}
}

Rust游乐场的景观