是否有一种普遍接受的技术可以有效地将JavaScript字符串转换为arraybuffer,反之亦然?具体来说,我希望能够将ArrayBuffer的内容写入localStorage,然后再将其读回来。
当前回答
Just
const buffer = thisReturnsBuffers();
const blob = new Blob([buffer], {type: 'text/plain; charset=utf-8'});
blob.text().then(text => console.log(text));
Or
const stringVal = "string here";
const blob = new Blob([stringVal], {type: 'text/plain; charset=utf-8'});
blob.arrayBuffer().then(buffer => console.log(buffer));
你们为什么要把事情搞得这么复杂?
其他回答
下面是一个Typescript的工作实现:
bufferToString(buffer: ArrayBuffer): string {
return String.fromCharCode.apply(null, Array.from(new Uint16Array(buffer)));
}
stringToBuffer(value: string): ArrayBuffer {
let buffer = new ArrayBuffer(value.length * 2); // 2 bytes per char
let view = new Uint16Array(buffer);
for (let i = 0, length = value.length; i < length; i++) {
view[i] = value.charCodeAt(i);
}
return buffer;
}
在使用crypt .subtle时,我已经使用它进行了许多操作。
尽管Dennis和gengkev使用Blob/FileReader的解决方案有效,但我不建议采用这种方法。这是一种解决简单问题的异步方法,比直接解决方案要慢得多。我在html5rocks上发布了一个更简单(更快)的解决方案: http://updates.html5rocks.com/2012/06/How-to-convert-ArrayBuffer-to-and-from-String
解决方案是:
function ab2str(buf) {
return String.fromCharCode.apply(null, new Uint16Array(buf));
}
function str2ab(str) {
var buf = new ArrayBuffer(str.length*2); // 2 bytes for each char
var bufView = new Uint16Array(buf);
for (var i=0, strLen=str.length; i<strLen; i++) {
bufView[i] = str.charCodeAt(i);
}
return buf;
}
编辑:
Encoding API帮助解决字符串转换问题。请查看Jeff Posnik在Html5Rocks.com上对上述原创文章的回复。
摘录:
Encoding API使原始字节和原生JavaScript字符串之间的转换变得简单,而不考虑需要使用的许多标准编码中的哪一种。
<pre id="results"></pre>
<script>
if ('TextDecoder' in window) {
// The local files to be fetched, mapped to the encoding that they're using.
var filesToEncoding = {
'utf8.bin': 'utf-8',
'utf16le.bin': 'utf-16le',
'macintosh.bin': 'macintosh'
};
Object.keys(filesToEncoding).forEach(function(file) {
fetchAndDecode(file, filesToEncoding[file]);
});
} else {
document.querySelector('#results').textContent = 'Your browser does not support the Encoding API.'
}
// Use XHR to fetch `file` and interpret its contents as being encoded with `encoding`.
function fetchAndDecode(file, encoding) {
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('GET', file);
// Using 'arraybuffer' as the responseType ensures that the raw data is returned,
// rather than letting XMLHttpRequest decode the data first.
xhr.responseType = 'arraybuffer';
xhr.onload = function() {
if (this.status == 200) {
// The decode() method takes a DataView as a parameter, which is a wrapper on top of the ArrayBuffer.
var dataView = new DataView(this.response);
// The TextDecoder interface is documented at http://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-textdecoder
var decoder = new TextDecoder(encoding);
var decodedString = decoder.decode(dataView);
// Add the decoded file's text to the <pre> element on the page.
document.querySelector('#results').textContent += decodedString + '\n';
} else {
console.error('Error while requesting', file, this);
}
};
xhr.send();
}
</script>
与这里的解决方案不同,我需要从UTF-8数据转换到UTF-8数据。为此,我使用(un)escape/(en)decodeURIComponent技巧编写了以下两个函数。它们非常浪费内存,分配的长度是编码后utf8-string的9倍,尽管这些应该由gc恢复。只是不要在100mb的文本中使用它们。
function utf8AbFromStr(str) {
var strUtf8 = unescape(encodeURIComponent(str));
var ab = new Uint8Array(strUtf8.length);
for (var i = 0; i < strUtf8.length; i++) {
ab[i] = strUtf8.charCodeAt(i);
}
return ab;
}
function strFromUtf8Ab(ab) {
return decodeURIComponent(escape(String.fromCharCode.apply(null, ab)));
}
检查它是否工作:
strFromUtf8Ab(utf8AbFromStr('latinкирилицаαβγδεζηあいうえお'))
-> "latinкирилицаαβγδεζηあいうえお"
假设你有一个arrayBuffer binaryStr:
let text = String.fromCharCode.apply(null, new Uint8Array(binaryStr));
然后你把文本赋值给状态。
我用了这个,对我很有用。
function arrayBufferToBase64( buffer ) {
var binary = '';
var bytes = new Uint8Array( buffer );
var len = bytes.byteLength;
for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
binary += String.fromCharCode( bytes[ i ] );
}
return window.btoa( binary );
}
function base64ToArrayBuffer(base64) {
var binary_string = window.atob(base64);
var len = binary_string.length;
var bytes = new Uint8Array( len );
for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
bytes[i] = binary_string.charCodeAt(i);
}
return bytes.buffer;
}