我在C#（ApplicationClass）中使用Excel互操作，并在finally子句中放置了以下代码：
while (System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(excelSheet) != 0) { }
excelSheet = null;
GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
尽管这种方法有效，但即使在我关闭Excel之后，Excel.exe进程仍处于后台。它只在我的应用程序被手动关闭后发布。
我做错了什么，或者是否有其他方法可以确保正确处理互操作对象？
当前回答
我不敢相信这个问题已经困扰了世界五年。。。。如果您已经创建了应用程序，则需要在删除链接之前先关闭它。
objExcel = new Excel.Application();
objBook = (Excel.Workbook)(objExcel.Workbooks.Add(Type.Missing));
关闭时
objBook.Close(true, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
objExcel.Application.Quit();
objExcel.Quit();
当您新建一个excel应用程序时，它会在后台打开一个excel程序。您需要在释放链接之前命令该excel程序退出，因为该excel程序不是您直接控制的一部分。因此，如果链接被释放，它将保持开放！
每个人都很好编程~~
其他回答
这对我正在进行的一个项目起到了作用：
excelApp.Quit();
Marshal.ReleaseComObject (excelWB);
Marshal.ReleaseComObject (excelApp);
excelApp = null;
我们了解到，在使用Excel COM对象时，将其每个引用都设置为空非常重要。这包括单元格、工作表和所有内容。
当上面的所有内容都不起作用时，请尝试给Excel一些时间来关闭工作表：
app.workbooks.Close();
Thread.Sleep(500); // adjust, for me it works at around 300+
app.Quit();
...
FinalReleaseComObject(app);
拍摄Excel程序并咀嚼泡泡糖
public class MyExcelInteropClass
{
Excel.Application xlApp;
Excel.Workbook xlBook;
public void dothingswithExcel()
{
try { /* Do stuff manipulating cells sheets and workbooks ... */ }
catch {}
finally {KillExcelProcess(xlApp);}
}
static void KillExcelProcess(Excel.Application xlApp)
{
if (xlApp != null)
{
int excelProcessId = 0;
GetWindowThreadProcessId(xlApp.Hwnd, out excelProcessId);
Process p = Process.GetProcessById(excelProcessId);
p.Kill();
xlApp = null;
}
}
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern int GetWindowThreadProcessId(int hWnd, out int lpdwProcessId);
}
接受的答案对我不起作用。析构函数中的以下代码起了作用。
if (xlApp != null)
{
xlApp.Workbooks.Close();
xlApp.Quit();
}
System.Diagnostics.Process[] processArray = System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessesByName("EXCEL");
foreach (System.Diagnostics.Process process in processArray)
{
if (process.MainWindowTitle.Length == 0) { process.Kill(); }
}
我找到了一个有用的通用模板，它可以帮助实现COM对象的正确处置模式，这些对象在超出范围时需要调用Marshal.ReleaseComObject：
用法：
using (AutoReleaseComObject<Application> excelApplicationWrapper = new AutoReleaseComObject<Application>(new Application()))
{
try
{
using (AutoReleaseComObject<Workbook> workbookWrapper = new AutoReleaseComObject<Workbook>(excelApplicationWrapper.ComObject.Workbooks.Open(namedRangeBase.FullName, false, false, missing, missing, missing, true, missing, missing, true, missing, missing, missing, missing, missing)))
{
// do something with your workbook....
}
}
finally
{
excelApplicationWrapper.ComObject.Quit();
}
}
模板：
public class AutoReleaseComObject<T> : IDisposable
{
private T m_comObject;
private bool m_armed = true;
private bool m_disposed = false;
public AutoReleaseComObject(T comObject)
{
Debug.Assert(comObject != null);
m_comObject = comObject;
}
#if DEBUG
~AutoReleaseComObject()
{
// We should have been disposed using Dispose().
Debug.WriteLine("Finalize being called, should have been disposed");
if (this.ComObject != null)
{
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("ComObject was not null:{0}, name:{1}.", this.ComObject, this.ComObjectName));
}
//Debug.Assert(false);
}
#endif
public T ComObject
{
get
{
Debug.Assert(!m_disposed);
return m_comObject;
}
}
private string ComObjectName
{
get
{
if(this.ComObject is Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook)
{
return ((Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook)this.ComObject).Name;
}
return null;
}
}
public void Disarm()
{
Debug.Assert(!m_disposed);
m_armed = false;
}
#region IDisposable Members
public void Dispose()
{
Dispose(true);
#if DEBUG
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
#endif
}
#endregion
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (!m_disposed)
{
if (m_armed)
{
int refcnt = 0;
do
{
refcnt = System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(m_comObject);
} while (refcnt > 0);
m_comObject = default(T);
}
m_disposed = true;
}
}
}
参考：
http://www.deez.info/sengelha/2005/02/11/useful-idisposable-class-3-autoreleasecomobject/
